Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Tumor Necrosis is Associated with an Increased Metastatic and Cardiovascular Risk in Paragangliomas: A Single-Center Series and Meta-Analysis Comparing Necrosis and Cystic Degeneration in Paragangliomas

Abstract Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neural crest–derived tumors with highly variable morphology and clinical behavior. These tumors can present with cystic and necrotic alterations that may influence the clinical presentation of affected patients. However, prevalence and clin...

Protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled pilot trial evaluating a teacher program to support preschool children with autism and language delay

Abstract Background Early intervention in naturalistic settings is essential for supporting young children with difficulties within the autism spectrum. In recent decades, there has been an increasing inclusion of children with developmental problems in mainstream schools. Howeve...

Neurobiological correlates of longitudinal grey matter volume changes in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease

Background: Structural brain changes during the earliest asymptomatic stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain poorly understood. Previous research in preclinical AD shows heterogeneous findings, reporting both subtle neuronal loss and paradoxical increases in grey matter (GM) v...

Expanding CIRdb, a comprehensive catalog of whole-exome sequencing data of Canary Islanders.

) gene, which is associated with body mass index, cardiovascular health, and metabolic and respiratory traits. Taken together, our findings show that CIRdb presents a valuable resource of exome-wide genetic variation in a population at the edge of Southwestern European genetic di...

Modulation of neuronal excitability and plasticity by BHLHE41 conveys lithium non-responsiveness

Abstract Many bipolar disorder (BD) patients are non-responsive to lithium. The mechanisms underlying lithium (non-)responsiveness are largely unknown. By using gene-set enrichment analysis methods, we found that core clock gene-sets are significantly associated with lithium resp...

Cord blood DNA methylation differences associated with gestational diabetes and partial consistency with maternal methylation patterns

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases offspring cardiometabolic risk, potentially through intrauterine epigenetic programming. We aimed to characterize GDM-associated DNA methylation differences in cord blood, evaluate their consistency with previously identified maternal...

Transcription-protein dissociation reveals disrupted cellular stress pathways in the prefrontal cortex of depression and schizophrenia subjects

Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) are severe psychiatric disorders, the molecular mechanisms of which remain incompletely understood. Increasing evidence implicates neuroinflammatory signaling, autophagy dysregulation, and unfolded protein response...

Incidence, prevalence, and ketoacidosis at onset of type 1 diabetes in Spain: a systematic review and critical assessment of the available evidence

The incidence, prevalence and onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in Spain remain insufficiently characterized, despite multiple regional analyses. This study aims to summarize and critically assess epidemiologic data in Spain, incorporating insights f...

PLCG2 downregulation impairs synaptic function and increases Alzheimer’s disease hallmarks in neuronal cultures

We developed a high-content screening to investigate how Alzheimer’s disease (AD) genetic risk factors may affect synaptic mechanisms in rat primary neuronal cultures. Of the target genes identified, we found that Plcg2 downregulation in mouse dentate gyrus neurons consistently d...

Malnutrition Severity, Morphofunctional Assessment, and Survival in Patients with Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Prospective Cohort Study

PURPOSE: Malnutrition is common in lung cancer and may contribute to impaired functional status and poor survival. This study evaluated the association between GLIM-defined malnutrition, morphofunctional nutritional parameters, and one-year mortality in patients with lung cancer....

Integrated multiomics analysis reveals metabolic and microbiome alterations in Wilson disease

Wilson disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in ATP7B , which encodes a copper transporter. Abnormal ATP7B function leads to copper deposition, mainly in the liver and brain, resulting in hepatic, neurological, and psychiatric impairments. Metabo...

Early evaluation of the WCT EVI MAP project: implementation, challenges, and emerging impact on evidence-based tumour classification

<ns5:p>Background The WHO Classification of Tumours (WCT) underpins cancer diagnosis globally, but the evidence-base used to inform tumour classification has never been systematically appraised. The WCT EVI MAP project was designed to address this need by developing a structured,...

Cost-effectiveness of lenacapavir versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine for pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV-1 transmission in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Spain

Background Lenacapavir (LEN), a twice-yearly subcutaneous capsid inhibitor, has demonstrated superior efficacy over daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) as HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in clinical trials. No European cost-effectiveness analyses...

Decoding Atypical G‐Quadruplexes and Their Interactome in Liquid Biopsies via Integrated Electroanalytical–Proteomic Technologies

A multipurpose electroanalytical biotechnology to advance the role of atypical G-quadruplex (G4) structures as emerging, multifunctional DNA biomarkers is reported. The technology presented enables determination, selective isolation, and in-depth characterization of G4 motifs fro...

Key recommendations for primary care from the 2026 GOLD update

The Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) has produced yearly recommendations for the diagnosis and management of patients with COPD since 2001. Here, we summarize the key recommendations of the GOLD 2026 document for a primary care audience, highlighting what has...

Eating Behavior Latent Profiles and Their Associations With Body Composition in Early Childhood: The CORALS Cohort

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to identify sex‐specific eating behavior profiles and assess the associations between eating behaviors subscales and profiles and body composition indices in Spanish preschoolers from the CORALS cohort. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional an...

Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV Who Engage in Chemsex in Barcelona, Spain: Epidemiological Patterns and Implications for Infection Control

Background: Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections are increasingly reported among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) engaging in chemsex, yet data remain limited. This ambispective cohort study conducted at H...

Working conditions and mental health among doctors and nurses in the European Union, Iceland, and Norway: a cross-sectional survey

Background Europe faces persistent challenges in retaining and recruiting healthcare workers. Poor working conditions and deteriorating wellbeing may contribute to attrition and turnover intentions, yet large-scale studies examining associations between working conditions and men...

Association between risk of eating disorders and an unhealthy lifestyle score in university students: uniHcos project

Introduction The first year of university is a critical period for the consolidation of lifestyle habits and has been associated with an increased risk of developing eating disorders (EDs). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ED risk among first-year Spanish university s...

Non-communicable disease care delivered by emergency medical teams during the Gaza Health Response in 2024–2025: an observational analysis of WHO Minimum Data Set Reports

The objective is to describe patterns of noncommunicable disease (NCD) service delivery and the operational roles of the different Emergency Medical Team (EMT) types-Type1 mobile (outpatient mobile primary care), Type1 fixed (outpatient static primary care), and Type2 (inpatient...