Duke University

Lipoprotein (a) Testing and Changes in Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Patients With ASCVD: Findings From the cvMOBIUS-2 Registry

BACKGROUND: Although the effectiveness of Lp(a) (lipoprotein[a])–lowering therapies remains under study, lipid guidelines now recommend Lp(a) testing in all adults to identify individuals who need more aggressive risk factor modification. Therefore, we evaluate contemporary patte...

Safety and Effectiveness of a Novel Dual-Energy Radiofrequency/Pulsed Field Ablation Catheter: 12 Month Results of the FlexPulse Study

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pulsed field (PF) ablation is increasingly used to treat paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). FlexPulse (NCT06676072) was conducted to evaluate safety and effectiveness of a novel dual-energy, flexible-tip focal ablation catheter with radiofrequency and PF f...

Archeological theory and AI: the potential past through agentic systems

Abstract The increasing capabilities of AI in automation and integration within existing methodology present a new opportunity for disciplines to address long-standing theoretical challenges. This is evident in archaeology, where persistent theoretical debates and interpretive va...

Characterization of mitochondria in trophoblast cells derived from control and early-onset preeclamptic pregnancies via induced pluripotent stem cells

Abstract Early embryonic development occurs in a low oxygen environment, and mitochondrial morphology and function are distinct in embryonic cells and pluripotent stem cells (PSC), which rely less on oxidative phosphorylation than differentiated cells. Oxidative phosphorylation i...

Activation of FcγR and classical complement pathways contribute to T-DXd plus pertuzumab therapeutic efficacy

In addition to delivering cytotoxic payloads, HER2-targeted antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) can engage innate immune effector pathways (such as FcγR and complement) similar to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However, the relative contribution of innate pathways to therapeutic benef...

Milvexian with Antiplatelet Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndrome Event

BackgroundPatients are at increased risk for recurrent ischemic events after an acute coronary syndrome event. Milvexian, an oral factor XIa inhibitor, may reduce the risk of major adverse clinical events with minimal bleeding risk. MethodsIn this phase 3, randomized, placebo-con...

Dynamic Learning for Joint Pricing, Advertising, and Inventory Management

Problem Definition: Startup firms, often small in size, face the challenge of making cross-functional decisions due to the absence of distinct departments like marketing and operations. These interdependent decisions are further complicated by the lack of historical customer data...

A Clinically Aligned 18-Item Instrument for Measuring Inflammatory Breast Cancer Knowledge

This survey study evaluates preliminary, clinically informed exploratory indices to evaluate inflammatory breast cancer knowledge, including symptom and risk-factor recognition.

Student perceptions of the School eHealth Education Program Pakistan (eSHEPP): a qualitative study of acceptability, feasibility, and awareness of non-communicable diseases

Background: Noncommunicable diseases are a leading cause of premature morbidity and mortality, and many associated risk behaviors emerge during adolescence. In Pakistan, school health education remains limited and largely lecture-based, leaving adolescents insufficiently equipped...

Are individual differences in “unconstrained thought” meaningfully distinct from spontaneous and deliberate mind wandering?

Here, we developed the Unconstrained Thought Questionnaire (UTQ) to assess the dynamics of unconstrained thought (or ‘mind wandering’), as described by the Dynamic Framework. We aimed to determine whether the UTQ’s measure of unconstrained thought provides unique explanatory powe...

Perioperative corticosteroids and venous thromboembolism risk: a systematic review with exploratory pooled meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Perioperative corticosteroids suppress pro-inflammatory pathways that drive postoperative coagulation, suggesting a potential anti-thrombotic effect. No prior systematic review has examined this relationship.METHODS We systematically reviewed studies reporting DVT or P...

Low‐Dose Fisetin Supplementation and Its Association With Chronic Inflammation in Middle‐Aged and Older Adults: Study Protocol for a Triple‐Blind, Randomised, Placebo‐Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT Systemic chronic inflammation contributes to the development of many age‐related chronic diseases and represents a promising target for interventions aiming at promoting healthy aging. Fisetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid with anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and sen...

ResidualPlanner+: a scalable matrix mechanism for marginals and beyond.

Abstract Noisy marginals are a common form of confidentiality protecting data release and are useful for many downstream tasks such as contingency table analysis, construction of Bayesian networks, and even synthetic data generation. Matrix mechanisms, an important class of priva...

The global cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic burden from 1990 to 2023

Background The cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic (CKLM) framework represents the multi-organ interplay of systemic metabolic disorders that drive the global burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods This study is a descriptive epidemiological analysis of the Global Bur...

Deletion of P311 enhances regeneration in aged skeletal muscle

While aging results in marked decreases in the capacity of skeletal muscle to repair following injury, as well as increases in fibrosis, the pathways and factors that regulate these processes are poorly defined. P311/Nrep (P311) is a highly conserved protein known to promote fibr...

AutoEDA: Enabling EDA Flow Automation through Microservice-Based LLM Agents

Electronic Design Automation (EDA) remains heavily reliant on tool command language (Tcl) scripting to drive complex RTL-to-GDSII flows. This scripting-based paradigm is labor-intensive, error-prone, and difficult to scale across large design projects. Recent advances in large la...

Developmental Pathways to Adult Mental Health in Adolescent Parents: Childhood and Early Adolescent Antecedents

This study examined three questions: (a) What are the childhood predictors of becoming a teenage parent (versus a first-time parent as a young adult)? (b) Does becoming a parent in the teen years carry higher risk of young-adult internalizing and externalizing problems than becom...

In vivo quantification of polyethylene wear in total ankle arthroplasty

Aims In vivo assessment of polyethylene (PE) wear in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) relies on approximation using 2D metal interspace height (2D-MIH) loss on weightbearing radiographs. Weightbearing CT (WBCT), combined with distance mapping, may improve quantification of PE wear...

SNCA-targeted transcriptional repression therapy alleviates pathological and behavioral perturbations in a Parkinson's disease mouse model

Alpha-synuclein (SNCA) overexpression is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis, making SNCA downregulation a promising therapeutic strategy. We developed a SNCA -targeted transcriptional repression therapy using an all-in-one lentiviral vector (LV) carrying deactiva...

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Localised Scleroderma Quality of Life Instrument (LoSQI): an international study

Juvenile localised scleroderma (jLS) is a rare disease which impacts negatively on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We aimed to undertake the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a novel disease-specific HRQoL measure, the Localised Scleroderma Quality of Life Instr...