Duke University

Coated or chewable Aspirin and a hybrid air pollution mitigation strategy in patients with atherosclerotic disease: Rationale and Design of the COATED-AIR Randomized Trial.

BACKGROUND: Although enteric-coated aspirin is widely used instead of chewable formulations in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), its effects on cardiovascular and gastrointestinal outcomes remain uncertain. Separately, air pollution is a driver of car...

Financial Toxicity and Quality of Life After Bone Marrow Transplant: A Longitudinal, Prospective Study

PURPOSE Financial toxicity is common after bone marrow transplant (BMT) and is associated with worse quality of life, but longitudinal patterns remain poorly understood. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of insured adults undergoing allogeneic BMT (2018-2023). Finan...

From Trace Element Biogeochemistry to Critical Minerals Resourcing: Lessons Learned and Opportunities for Innovation

Abstract Critical minerals and materials, which are raw materials essential to modern technologies yet vulnerable to supply disruption, have emerged as a major focal point of research to diversify resources, advance processing technologies, and bolster supply chains. Many of thes...

Rotator Cuff Tears Part I: Diagnosis, Nonoperative Management, and Repair of Posterosuperior Tears—An International Expert Consensus Statement

PURPOSE: To establish updated international consensus statements on the diagnosis, nonoperative management, and repair of posterosuperior rotator cuff tears, reflecting new evidence, evolving techniques, and ongoing areas of controversy. METHODS: A consensus process on the treatm...

Rotator Cuff Tears Part II: Subscapularis Repair, Augmentation, and Tendon Transfer—An International Expert Consensus Statement

PURPOSE: To establish updated international consensus statements on subscapularis repair, graft/patch augmentation and superior capsular reconstruction, and tendon transfers for rotator cuff tears, reflecting new evidence, evolving techniques, and ongoing areas of controversy. ME...

Engineered pediatric human muscle models the interferon-driven transcriptome of juvenile dermatomyositis

Abstract Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare pediatric autoimmune disease characterized by a strong type I interferon (IFN) signature in muscle. Mechanistic and therapeutic discovery has been limited by the lack of a clinically relevant disease model. To address this, we tes...

Early versus delayed or no empagliflozin initiation after hospitalisation for heart failure in the United States: A target trial emulation

BACKGROUND: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are a foundational therapy for heart failure (HF), yet initiation is frequently delayed in clinical practice. Evidence comparing outcomes associated with early versus delayed or no initiation following hospitalisatio...

Measurement invariance of the Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale for racism among a national sample of college students.

OBJECTIVE: = 20.57) who participated in the 2023-2024 Healthy Minds Study. METHOD: Confirmatory factor analysis and multigroup measurement invariance testing are used to evaluate the factor structure, measurement invariance, and latent mean differences of the TSDS across key demo...

A Functional Tensor Model for Dynamic Multilayer Networks with Common Invariant Subspaces and the RKHS Estimation

Dynamic multilayer networks are frequently used to describe the structure and temporal evolution of multiple relationships among common entities, with applications in fields such as sociology, economics, and neuroscience. However, exploration of analytical methods for these compl...

Regeneration programs buffer genetic defects in animal development

Regeneration programs enable animals to restore damaged or lost tissues, and the range of stimuli for these programs is incompletely understood. Here, we used zebrafish, a vertebrate species with exceptional regenerative capacity, to identify chemically induced mutations that alt...

Det‐ LIME : Detector‐Aware, Multi‐Instance Local Interpretable Model‐Agnostic Explanations for Automated Marine Mammal Detection

ABSTRACT Despite the rapid uptake of black‐box object detectors in marine mammal research and monitoring, explainability techniques are rarely integrated into conservation workflows. Furthermore, most classification‐oriented explainability tools are ill‐suited to detection tasks...

Building Community to Bridge Research and Practice: The North Carolina Chemistry Educators and Researchers (NC CER) Group

Abstract Communities of practice in chemical education provide networks for fostering collaboration, professional development, and integration of research with classroom practice. Here we describe the growth of the North Carolina Chemistry Educators and Researchers (NC CER) commu...

Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training Program Shows Transfer Validity Through Enhanced Operative Arthroscopic Performance

PURPOSE: To evaluate the content, construct, concurrent, and transfer validity of the Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training (FAST) program and to determine whether FAST testing performance correlated with arthroscopic performance in the operating room. METHODS: Participan...

Algebraic Localization Implies Exponential Localization in Non-periodic Insulators

Abstract Exponentially-localized Wannier functions are a basis of the Fermi projection of a Hamiltonian consisting of functions which decay exponentially fast in space. In two and three spatial dimensions, it is well understood for periodic insulators that exponentially-localized...

Definitions of Return to Play After Shoulder Surgery in Competitive Athletes Are Nonspecific and Unstandardized: A Systematic Review

Purpose To characterize return to play (RTP) definitions in shoulder surgery literature involving competitive athletes and evaluate their quality. Methods A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guide...

Thiol‐yne Click Polymer Platform for Protecting Steerable Neuroendoscope Tools

ABSTRACT Neurosurgical interventions rely increasingly on minimally invasive (MI) approaches, yet most MI surgical tools are rigid and have limited dexterity. Tendon‐actuated continuum robots are an emerging strategy employing a notched body to afford curvilinear motion upon pull...

Mapping the fascicular morphology and organization of the human sciatic nerve via high-resolution MicroCT imaging

Abstract Implanted neuroprostheses can restore standing and walking after spinal cord injury and somatosensation after limb loss. Yet current approaches often fail to reliably activate hamstring muscles crucial for upright stability and mobility or to target afferent fibers for s...

Evaluating a smartphone intervention to improve HIV prevention and care outcomes: results from the HealthMPowerment national randomized controlled trial

HealthMPowerment (HMP) is a digital intervention designed to improve HIV-related outcomes among young Black and Latinx men who have sex with men (YBLMSM) and transgender women (TW). We conducted a 12-month randomized controlled trial to evaluate HMP’s impact on routine HIV testin...

Smartphone AI-Enabled Lateral Flow Immunoassay Platform Using Advanced Quantum Dots for Intelligent Quantitative Diagnostics

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) are widely used in point-of-care diagnostics for their low cost and simplicity, but conventional formats rely on subjective visual readout and lack quantitative accuracy and sensitivity. Here, we present a smartphone-guided, artificial-intelligen...

A framework and practical guide for conducting double-blind randomized clinical trials combining transcranial electrical stimulation and psychotherapy

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive technique for modulating neural activity with minimal side effects, making it ideal for delivery concurrent with evidence-based psychotherapy. However, combining these modalities introduces unique methodological challeng...