Charles University

SOX10 Expression in Primary Salivary Gland Tumors: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract Purpose Primary salivary gland tumors form a heterogeneous group with diagnostic challenges. Sex-determining region Y-related homeobox 10 (SOX10) is a transcription factor studied in primary salivary gland tumors for over a decade. To date, no systematic review or meta-a...

Moving images, moved audiences? A focus group study into audience interpretations of distant suffering in The Impossible (2012)

While distant suffering has been thoroughly explored in factual media such as news and documentaries, this article examines Western audiences’ interpretations of distant suffering and non-Western ‘Others’ in the format of fiction films. Through five focus groups ( N = 22) in Flan...

Seq2Pocket: Augmenting protein language models for spatially consistent binding site prediction

Abstract Motivation Protein-ligand binding site prediction (LBS) is important for many areas of structural biology and molecular modeling, where, as in other tasks, protein language models (pLMs) have shown great promise. In their application to LBS, the pLM classifies each amino...

Direct Laser-Heated Pedestal (Czochralski) Growth of Rare-Earth Zirconate A 2Zr2O7 Single Crystals from Mixed-Oxide Precursors

Abstract High-quality single crystals of refractory oxides are essential for fundamental investigations and advanced functional characterization, yet their preparation is frequently limited by demanding precursor processing and the extremely high temperatures required for crystal...

Reaction of Cysteine and Selenocysteine with a Model Au(I)-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex: A QM and QM/MM MD Comparative Study

Abstract The substitution reaction of a model Au(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex with cysteine and selenocysteine represents a key elementary step in the inhibition mechanism of thioredoxin reductase by gold-based metallodrugs. We present a systematic quantum-mechanical (...

Perspectives on tissue-selective insulin derivatives

Insulin is a central regulator of metabolic homoeostasis with diverse, tissue-specific actions across multiple organs. Despite major advances in insulin formulations, current therapies rely on systemic delivery and do not reproduce the physiological distribution of endogenous ins...

The Effects of Age on the Presence of Atypical Corneal Nerve Formations

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the presence of atypical nerve formations (ANFs, previously termed microneuromas) and their relation to standardized ocular surface parameters and changes in the sub-basal nerve plexus in a group of patients with suspected small fibe...

Sub-kJ/mol Precision at Practical Cost for Molecular Solids through Local Coupled-Cluster Approaches

Abstract Generation of numerically converged coupled-cluster reference energies of molecular crystals remains highly non-routine. Yet, such data points are critically needed as computational methodologies strive to reach correlated wave-function accuracy in condensed-phase system...

Sequential Generalized Kernel Equating: Providing Comparable Scores Across Multiple Test Forms With Nonequivalent Groups and Differently Measured Covariates

Test equating using covariates may be applied to provide comparable scores from multiple test forms when no anchor items are available. However, its performance may be compromised if some of the covariates themselves are measured using different test forms. In this work, we propo...

Real‐World HRR Testing Pathways and Patterns of Detected Alterations in Prostate Cancer From the Multinational ARON‐3 Study

ABSTRACT Background Homologous recombination repair (HRR) testing is increasingly relevant in prostate cancer because it identifies patients who may benefit from biomarker‐guided treatment strategies, including poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). However, real‐world i...

Retinoid biology from embryonic patterning to adult tissue homeostasis: metabolism, RAR signaling, disease mechanisms, and clinical translation

Vitamin A gives rise to functionally distinct retinoids that regulate vision, embryonic patterning, and adult tissue homeostasis. The principal endogenous transcriptional ligand, all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), activates RARα, RARβ, and RARγ within RAR-RXR heterodimers; this mech...

Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Malononitriles to Enynes: A Stereodivergent Approach to Chiral Allenes

Quinine‐catalyzed enantioselective conjugate addition of malononitrile derivatives to enynes enables stereodivergent synthesis of trisubstituted chiral allenes. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with good to excellent yields and high enantiomeric purities for both diast...

Sociodemographic, Criminological and Clinical Determinants in Suicide After Release From Prison: A 23‐Year National Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Background Suicide risk is elevated after prison release, but population‐level evidence on temporal risk patterns and associated factors remains limited. We aimed to describe characteristics of individuals who die by suicide after release from Norwegian prisons, compare...

Lectrical stabilization of CdZnTe by argon plasma treatment and diamond-like carbon passivation

The high specific resistance of CdZnTe-based radiation detectors enables high energy resolution and detection sensitivity, as it determines the device's leakage currents. In this work, an ion-plasma surface treatment was developed to enhance the electrical stability and radiation...

Pharmacokinetics and immunomodulatory effects of selective orexin 1 receptor agonist OXA 17–33: PBMC responses, HPA axis activation, and outcomes in the collagen-induced arthritis model

Given the expanding clinical use of orexin-modulating drugs, this study investigated whether orexin agonism or antagonism influences inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. PBMCs stimulated with LPS or TNF were treated with orexin agonists or antagonists. In rats, pharmacoki...

Diverse genetic pathways drive convergent fluconazole and caspofungin resistance phenotypes in Candida albicans

The emergence of antifungal resistance in Candida albicans is a major worldwide public health threat, particularly for immunocompromised patients. Antifungal resistance may arise through uniform resistance mechanisms or through variable evolutionary routes. The aim of this study...

Limited global awareness of invasive alien species and little support for their management

Invasive alien species (IAS) are one of the main drivers of global change and can cause a wide range of negative ecological and social impacts. Addressing these impacts requires management actions, which can fail to be effective when not supported by the public. Here, we conducte...

Public health workforce reform in Abu Dhabi: a pathway to evidence-based policy and global standards alignment

Reforming the public health workforce in Abu Dhabi and across the United Arab Emirates (UAE) became increasingly urgent during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside wider pressures from evolving public health challenges and health-system transformation. A mixed-methods study...

Flow‐Critical Graphs

ABSTRACT Lovász et al. proved that every six‐edge‐connected graph has a nowhere‐zero three‐flow. In fact, they proved a more technical statement, which says that there exists a nowhere‐zero three‐flow that extends the flow prescribed on the incident edges of a single vertex with...

Grid to glide: A simple visual cue that alleviates upper-limb freezing

Freezing of the upper limb (FoUL) is a poorly explored manifestation of Parkinson's disease. This report describes a case of a 54-year-old woman with FoUL predominantly affecting handwriting. Writing on grid paper with small squares (0.5 × 0.5 cm) markedly reduced FoUL frequency....