Baylor College of Medicine

Neuroimmune Phenotyping as the Next Frontier in Chronic Pain Medicine for Musculoskeletal Back Pain

Chronic low back pain encompasses heterogeneous mechanical, neuropathic, nociplastic, and myofascial presentations that may reflect distinct neuroimmune mechanisms. We synthesized evidence linking these phenotypes to measurable biological features and clinically relevant treatmen...

Human-inherited RORγT deficiency encompasses genetic heterogeneity, T cell deficiency, and clinical homogeneity

Abstract We previously reported inherited RORγT deficiency in seven patients from three ancestries (Chilean, Palestinian, Saudi Arabian) with mycobacterial disease and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). We report here five additional patients from different ancestries (Afgh...

Perioperative peripheral nerve blocks for elective below-knee amputations and phantom limb syndrome: an exploratory multicenter retrospective cohort study

Background Phantom limb syndrome (PLS) is a common complication following below-knee amputations (BKA) causing painful and/or nonpainful sensations in the absent limb. Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) are used for perioperative analgesia, but their association with PLS risk remains...

Peroxiredoxin-6 protects against oxidative stress-mediated hypertrophic remodeling in JPH2-A399S knock-in mice

Background Most mutations causing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) affect sarcomeric proteins. Mutations in junctophilin-2 (JPH2) are also implicated, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. An A405S variant in JPH2 was identified in a male adolescent patient with interven...

Psilocybin prevents chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy through mitochondrial trafficking preservation

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a disabling, often irreversible toxicity that affects millions of patients, limits life-saving cancer therapy, and lacks proven treatment. In this work, we show that as little as two doses of psilocybin before chemotherapy dura...

Novel case of cytoplasmic CD3 positive, surface CD4 positive high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC rearrangement

High-grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (HGBCL-NOS), is an aggressive mature B-cell neoplasm whose diagnosis remains challenging due to significant morphologic overlap with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma, and the absence of defining molecular alter...

Spinal laser interstitial thermal therapy for treatment of chordoma: single-center experience and literature review

PURPOSE: Chordomas are rare, locally aggressive tumors for which effective salvage options are limited once maximal surgical and radiation therapy have been exhausted. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive, MRI-guided ablative technique established for...

Recurrent Sterile Polyserositis Reveals an Underrecognized Autoinflammatory Phenotype in MECP2 Duplication Syndrome

MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS) is a rare neurogenetic disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental delay, epilepsy, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and frequent infections. The broader spectrum of immune dysregulation remains poorly understood. We retrospectively reviewed four MD...

Variation in meningioma recurrence risk estimates across observational cohorts: the influence of calendar time, WHO classifications, geographical settings, and healthcare systems

Abstract Purpose Recurrence risk estimates underpin meningioma research, including molecular classification and clinical trial benchmarking, yet are often based on retrospective or historical data. The aim of this study was to assess the variation of recurrence risk estimates acr...

Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Nirsevimab Receipt Among Children Aged Younger Than 20 Months in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network in 2023 to 2025

OBJECTIVES: We aim to evaluate the association of sociodemographic and clinical factors with nirsevimab receipt among children with medically attended acute respiratory illness (ARI) across multiple seasons and beyond birth hospitalization. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included nirse...

Metabolic control of smooth muscle cell phenotype switching in atherosclerosis

Abstract The loss of smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile phenotype contributes to various diseases including atherosclerosis. However, its metabolic basis is not entirely elucidated. Since the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling is among principal regulators of SMC...

Emergency Department Predictors of Mechanical Ventilation in Pediatric Spine Fracture Patients in the US

Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.ObjectivesTo identify emergency department variables associated with mechanical ventilation among pediatric patients with spine fractures and characterize outcomes by ventilation duration.MethodsWe queried the National Trauma Data Bank from...

Pediatric Hospital Medicine Board-Certified and Non–Board-Certified Hospitalists Are Welcome Here

The Consortium of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, representing elected leaders in the field of Pediatric Hospital Medicine (PHM), proudly welcomes and fully supports every pediatric hospitalist, sub-board certified and non–sub-board certified alike, as integral contributors to our c...

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Pediatric Thyroid Eye Disease

Purpose: To characterize the natural history and clinical characteristics of thyroid eye disease (TED) in a pediatric population and identify risk factors contributing to disease onset and severity. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among children diagnosed as h...

The global cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic burden from 1990 to 2023

Background The cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic (CKLM) framework represents the multi-organ interplay of systemic metabolic disorders that drive the global burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods This study is a descriptive epidemiological analysis of the Global Bur...

Intra-abdominal Bowel Dilation in Experimental Gastroschisis Is Associated With a Modifiable Transcriptomic Program of Intestinal Dysfunction

OBJECTIVE: To characterize intestinal transcriptional profiles in gastroschisis, their temporal evolution, and response to fetal intervention. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Gastroschisis causes significant intestinal dysfunction, with intra-abdominal bowel dilation clinically shown to...

Restoration of oscillatory shear stress in humans activates an endothelial protective genetic program and prevents DVT

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. DVT clots typically form in the sinus of the deep venous valves and are strongly associated with immobility and reduced venous flow. Physical activity alters venous blood flow, gene...

MERTK inhibition cooperates with immunomodulatory cyclophosphamide to induce CXCL9⁺ monocyte-macrophage programming and durable antitumor immunity in triple negative breast cancer

ABSTRACT Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has high rates of recurrence despite chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can either suppress or support anti-tumor immunity, but the mechanisms governing these states and therapeutic...

Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Brain Tumors: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis of Patients From the LAANTERN Study

Background: Laser interstitial thermal therapy is a surgical tool used to ablate brain tumors, radiation necrosis, and epileptic foci. Data from the completed LAANTERN prospective multicenter registry (NCT02392078), containing tumor patients enrolled in the study across 25 US cen...

Spring Cranioplasty for the Fused Lambdoid and Coronal Sutures: Expanding Indications

Abstract Spring cranioplasty, originally developed for sagittal synostosis, has expanded to address selected lambdoid and coronal deformities by applying continuous mechanical distraction to gradually expand the cranium while avoiding the extensive dissection required for open va...