Research works

Protective Effects of Prenatal Bacopa monnieri Extract Against Valproic Acid-Induced Autism-like Behavioral and Neurohistological Alterations in Mice

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive behaviors. Oxidative stress is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the neuro-degeneration and behavioral abnormalities associated with ASD. B...

Influence of System Dynamics on Vibration and Particle Emissions in a Reduced-Scale Dynamometer

Nonexhaust brake emissions represent a significant source of airborne particulate matter in urban environments. Although the effects of friction materials and braking conditions on particle generation have been extensively investigated, the role of friction-induced vibrations rem...

Greenhouse gas emissions of subsea telecommunications cables: A comparative study of trans-Atlantic and trans-Pacific systems

Subsea cables are critical for international data exchange. Yet lifecycle assessments (LCA) remain scarce, leaving a critical gap in understanding both the climate impacts of these systems and wider global telecommunications networks. Drawing on a unique model of industry collabo...

Teprotumumab in thyroid eye disease: Evidence, challenges, and the Indian perspective

ABSTRACT Thyroid eye disease (TED) represents a significant clinical burden in patients with Graves’ disease, with limited treatment options beyond glucocorticoids and conventional immunosuppression. Teprotumumab, a human monoclonal antibody targeting the insulin-like growth fact...

Curvature-induced asymmetric solidification in laser deposition of single-crystal superalloys: Multiphysics modeling and microstructural analysis

This study investigates the single-crystal epitaxial growth behavior of nickel-based single-crystal superalloys during curved-path laser-directed energy deposition using a thermo-fluid-solid coupled numerical model. The results reveal that the core mechanism underlying the curvat...

Surgical scene understanding and the structural validation gap in an industry-led AI ecosystem

This Matters Arising builds upon the review by Carstens et al. highlighting methodological limitations within the academic surgical scene understanding (SSU) literature. Increasingly clinically deployed SSU occurs within commercial platforms that are incompletely represented in t...

Optimizationof a Second-Generation, Highly SelectivePolθ/PARP1 Dual Inhibitor with Improved Pharmacokinetics andPotent Activity against HR-Deficient Tumors

Abstract Dual inhibition of Polθ and PARP1 represents a promising precision therapy strategy for HR-deficient tumors. While our first-generation Polθ/PARP1 dual inhibitor 4 provided proof-of-concept, its further development was hampered by poor selectivity over PARP2 and metaboli...

Delays in Tuberculosis Care in the Indian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract Introduction: Being harmful to patients, delayed diagnosis and treatment can spread tuberculosis (TB) in the community, posing a significant challenge to TB elimination efforts. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the median delays of TB care and t...

Genetic susceptibility to decompression sickness: molecular mechanisms, genomic advances, and precision prevention strategies

Decompression sickness (DCS) is a multisystem disorder caused by rapid environmental pressure reduction, which causes the dissolved gas in the body to come out as bubbles, and subsequent multi-organ injury. A notable feature is great individual variation in sensitivity. Under ide...

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Medical Education: Usability, Benefits and Ethical Evaluation

AbstractObjective: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical education is rapidly increasing; however, gaps remain in terms of learners’ knowledge and ethical awareness. This study aimed to evaluate baseline perceptions of AI among medical students and faculty...

Biomimetic Mustard Seed-Inspired Brush-Free Alternative for Effective Endoscope Channel Cleaning and Decontamination

Inadequate cleaning of flexible endoscope channels remains a major cause of healthcare-associated infections despite established reprocessing protocols. We developed biomimetic carbon balls inspired by mustard seed surface features as a brush-free adjunct for endoscope channel cl...

Spontaneous Expulsion of a Large Submucosal Fibroid in the Postpartum Period: A Report of a Rare Case

Spontaneous expulsion of uterine fibroids is an uncommon clinical event, most frequently described in the postpartum period or after uterine artery embolisation. Expulsion of a very large submucosal fibroid without surgical intervention is particularly rare. We report the case of...

Artificial Intelligence Adoption and Corporate Biodiversity Concern: Evidence from Chinese Listed Firms

Given the growing ecological and economic risks posed by biodiversity loss, this study uses panel data on Chinese A-share listed firms from 2010 to 2023 and employs a debiased machine learning approach to empirically investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) adoption...

Spin-quenching cobalt center for efficient ammonia synthesis derived from oxide mixology

The spin polarization plays a critical role in heterogeneous catalysis by influencing the properties of active sites and thereby altering catalytic performance. However, precise construction of active sites with well-tuned spin states remains challenging. Here we demonstrate to m...

Four Lenses Toward Principle-Based Understanding of Granular Segregation in Dense Flows: Particle, Continuum, Statistical, and Conceptual Approaches

Abstract This review examines the development of concepts and models describing the spontaneous spatial separation—segregation—of dense flowing granular mixtures. Although particle-scale interactions are largely understood and modern discrete element methods can resolve system dy...

L-ShapeDiamond Raman Laser with 35 W at 589nm and Hz-Scale Intrinsic Linewidth

Abstract Narrow linewidth lasers with high power and high beam quality in the visible spectrum are essential for emerging quantum and space technologies. Here, we report significant advances in diamond Raman lasers, generating diffraction-limited yellow light at 589 nm with an ou...

Mapping the General Fertility Rate in Greece: A Time-Trend Nationwide Analysis (1956-2024)

Background: Accurate assessment of fertility rates and their long-term trends is essential for understanding reproductive dynamics, anticipating the healthcare and socioeconomic consequences of demographic change, and informing family planning and population policies. The aim of...

Extracellular and Intracellular Bacterial Compounds in the Synthesis of Inorganic Particles: Silver Nanoparticles

The primary objective of this study was to compare the contribution of cellular and cell-free filtrates of Serratia marcescens ATCC 9986 to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, followed by a determination of the inhibitory activity on growth of S. marcescens and E. coli of the...

Ten-Year Evaluation of Quality Control Indicators in a Brazilian Human Milk Bank

Background: Human milk banks play a critical role in neonatal care by providing donor human milk when maternal milk is unavailable, particularly for preterm and medically vulnerable infants. Despite global expansion, long-term evaluations of discard rates and quality indicators r...

The evolution of plasticity in drought-related traits in central and edge populations of Mimulus cardinalis

Phenotypic plasticity can influence population persistence, range dynamics, and evolutionary potential in heterogeneous landscapes. If adaptive, plasticity may buffer populations against environmental variability, climate change, and extreme events. Yet, few studies have examined...