Research works

Safety of routine antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgery (SAPPHIRE): a prospective multi-centre cohort study

Introduction: Prophylactic antimicrobial drugs are routinely administered for most surgical procedures worldwide. However, the benefit may be modest and supported by low-certainty evidence, while little is known about safety in contemporary practice.<br><br>Methods: O...

Circulating biomarkers reflecting type III, IV and VI collagen remodeling are present in lung tissue of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and non-fibrotic controls

Abstract Background The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic network that provides structural support and maintains tissue homeostasis. Collagens are the main structural components of the ECM, occupying distinct tissue compartments and serving specialized roles. Dysregulated E...

Cell‐Type‐Resolved Proteomics Reveals Distinct Immune and Metabolic Programs Between Primary and Recurrent Ascites in HGSOC

ABSTRACT High‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) frequently recurs after platinum–taxane therapy, yet recurrence‐associated changes within ascites remain unclear. We performed cell‐type‐resolved quantitative proteomics on paired ascites samples collected at primary diagnosis...

Successful Use of the Nausicaa Compression Suture in a Case of Placenta Accreta Spectrum

Successful use of the Nausicaa compression suture in a case of placenta accreta spectrumAuthorNaoko Suga, Shintaro Makino, Ayumi Yasuda, Takahumi UjihiraAffiliationDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, JapanCorrespondenceShintaro Ma...

Reward reactivity in non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: protocol for a longitudinal study

<title>Abstract</title> Background The high incidence and serious consequences of non-suicidal self-injurious (NSSI) behaviors in adolescents warrants the attention of medical professionals, sociologists, and educators. Evidences of enhanced reward reactivity have been observed i...

Phenology-Informed Crop Type Mapping in Semi-Arid Morocco Using Sentinel-2 NDVI Time Series: A Machine Learning Approach with Temporal Sensitivity Analysis

Accurate crop mapping is essential for food security and water resource management in semi-arid North Africa. This study evaluated four machine learning algorithms for crop classification using Sentinel-2 NDVI time series in the Al Haouz region, Morocco with a time series of 12 d...

Exploring genetic variability in FOXE1 through in silico approaches: new insights on UTR variants

<title>Abstract</title> The <italic>FOXE1</italic> gene is a transcription factor critical for thyroid development and function, and has been associated with thyroid disorders and other phenotypic traits like cancer and orofacial clefts. This study explores the genetic variabilit...

Economic Burden of Heart Failure in Europe: A Systematic Review of Costs and Cost-Effectiveness

Heart failure (HF) affects over 64 million individuals worldwide and is a major cause of hospitalization and mortality, particularly among older adults. In Europe, HF imposes a significant and growing economic burden. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the economic impact o...

Trends and patterns of varicella zoster virus infection in Kilifi: A population-based serosurvey

Abstract There is limited epidemiologic data on varicella zoster virus (VZV) infections from low- and middle-income countries including Kenya. We aimed to describe the seroepidemiology of VZV in Kilifi, Kenya, where varicella vaccine is not included in the national infant immuniz...

Indistinguishable single photons from a quantum dot in a nanopost cavity

Wavelength-tunable sources of single photons are key devices for scaling up optical quantum technologies. In this context, individual quantum dots (QDs) embedded in broadband photonic nanostructures are particularly appealing. The nanopost cavity, which is built with a segment of...

Resolving circumarctic zero-curtain phenomena with AI-integrated earth observations

<title>Abstract</title> Across the circumarctic, permafrost landscapes store approximately 1700 billion metric tons of organic carbon - nearly twice atmospheric levels - yet reservoir stability depends on the zero-curtain, a subsurface thermal plateau that emerges when latent hea...

Enteric pathogens in soil adjacent to public waste bins in Maputo, Mozambique offers potential for environmental surveillance

Abstract Wastewater surveillance has been widely adopted since the COVID-19 pandemic, but non-sewered or onsite sanitation is a common form of sanitation in cities of low- and middle-income countries. Environmental surveillance in these settings requires expanding analyses beyond...

Characteristics of tropical clouds with strong updrafts revealed by Doppler-velocity measurements from EarthCARE/CPR

Abstract. Updrafts within clouds are important for the climate system, yet global assessments have traditionally relied on indirect proxies. The EarthCARE satellite's 94 GHz Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) provides the first global, spaceborne Doppler velocity (Vd) profiles of clouds...

The Hybrid Artisan: Integrating AI-Powered Design Tools with Traditional Craftsmanship for Sustainable Creative Entrepreneurship

As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies advance, traditional craftsmen face new challenges: innovating using digital tools while preserving cultural authenticity and heritage knowledge. The “hybrid artisan,” who strategically integrates AI-based design tools with traditional...

Biogeochemical dichotomy and intra-order variability in Miliolid and Rotaliid foraminifera

Abstract. Foraminiferal geochemical records reflect both environmental and biological influences. Disentangling these factors is essential for improving their application in marine monitoring and contributing valuable insights into the evolution across major foraminiferal lineage...

Evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of the musculoskeletal anatomy of the back among health professionals: A cross-sectional needs assessment study

A strong grasp of musculoskeletal (MSK) anatomy of the back is essential for clinical competence, diagnostic accuracy, and procedural safety. Persistent knowledge gaps among healthcare professionals, along with reduced curricular emphasis and inconsistent reinforcement, have been...

A Novel Differential Pathlength Factor Model for Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Imaging

Near infrared diffuse optical imaging can be performed in reflectance and transmission mode and relies on physical models along with measurements to extract information on changes in chromophore concentration. Continuous-wave near-infrared diffuse optical imaging relies on accura...

Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence for Consultation Preparation in Shared Decision Making: Can a Handbook Provide Support?

Background: Shared Decision Making (SDM) is considered the gold standard of patient-centered care but often fails in clinical routine due to time constraints and a lack of patient preparation. While patients often struggle to articulate their preferences and questions, new develo...

Neuropeptide diversity and evolutionary patterns in crustaceans: insights into adaptations, agonism, and functional importance in organs

<title>Abstract</title> Background Crustaceans exhibit great diversity in anatomical, physiological, and behavioral adaptations, all of which contribute to their evolutionary success, and neuropeptides are important regulators mediating these adaptations. While expansion of certa...

Lost balance: synergy-redundancy dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

<title>Abstract</title> Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, yet reliable early biomarkers are still lacking, which greatly hinders timely intervention for AD. This study employed an integrated information decomposition framework to systematical...