Research works

Awareness and attitude toward organ donation: A cross-sectional study among health care professionals in a tertiary care institute of South India

Background: Transplantation is defined as the grafting of any human organ from any living person or deceased person to some other living person for therapeutic purposes. Globally, organ transplantation saves millions of lives. The number of people in need of transplants and the s...

Association of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia with carotid intima-media thickness in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Evidence suggests a stronger association of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia with subclinical atherosclerosis than fasting triglyceride levels. Ca...

Comparative efficacy of ultrasound-guided adductor canal block with infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the knee block versus adductor canal block alone for post-operative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: A prospective observational study

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with post-operative pain, which may delay ambulation, restrict physiotherapy and increase analgesic use. Adductor canal block (ACB) provides predominantly sensory analgesia, preserving quadriceps function, but posterior knee...

From NWICO to AI Systems: The Political Economy of Algorithmic Power and Information Sovereignty

Concerns about communication inequality have resurfaced in the age of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Just as the 1970s-era debates on the New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO) focused on imbalances in global news flows, contemporary AI systems now determine what in...

Unmet job expectations and transition challenges of newly qualified nurses in Northern Ghana

Background: The transition from nursing student to qualified staff is often stressful, particularly in resource-limited settings. In Northern Ghana, newly qualified nurses (NQNs) face unique challenges that may affect job expectations and satisfaction. Aims and Objectives: This s...

Factors affecting birth preparedness among post-natal mothers in a medical college hospital of Kolkata: A cross-sectional study

Background: Birth preparedness is an important strategy for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality by helping families plan for safe delivery and manage obstetric emergencies. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of birth preparedness and to i...

A cadaveric study of anatomical variations of the superior thyroid artery and its spatial relationship with the external laryngeal nerve in a tertiary care center in South Kerala

Background: Surgical procedures involving the anterior part of the neck require a precise understanding of the anatomy of the superior thyroid artery (STA) and its proximity to the external laryngeal nerve (ELN) to avoid iatrogenic complications. This study investigates the anato...

The burden on caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary care center

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise globally, with hemodialysis being the standard treatment until renal transplantation can be performed. Caregiver burden is the level of strain perceived by the caregiver from caring for a family member or loved one over time...

The association between smartphone usage at bedtime after light out on sleep quality and distractibility among medical and paramedical students

Background: The usage of mobile phones in India has increased exponentially. Poor sleep quality among students has been reported with increasing hours of usage of mobile per day. An increase in bedtime smartphone use makes participants at great risk of having poor sleep quality....

Effect of one-minute versus two-minute sitting duration on discharge readiness following saddle spinal anesthesia with 5 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine for fistula-in-ano surgery: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Saddle spinal anesthesia (SSA) is commonly used for ambulatory anorectal surgery. Although 1-min sitting after intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine has been reported to provide effective anesthesia, it has not previously been compared with another sitting duration in a...

Association of serum inflammatory biomarker and cardiometabolic risk in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A case–control study

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health challenge marked by chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Emerging evidence highlights the role of low-grade inflammation in its pathogenesis and cardiovascular complications. Proinflammatory biomarkers such a...

Maternal gene expression of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in gestational diabetes mellitus: A case–control study

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered metabolic pathways, but evidence on gene expression related to these mechanisms remains limited. Aims and Objectives: This study compared the expression of oxidative stress ma...

Comparison of analgesic efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block after upper abdominal surgery in adults

Background: Ultrasound (US)-guided rectus sheath block (RSB) is increasingly being used as a part of multimodal analgesia for abdominal surgeries with midline incisions. Both ropivacaine and bupivacaine are commonly used for RSB, with varied duration of analgesia that remains an...

From NWICO to AI Systems: The Political Economy of Algorithmic Power and Information Sovereignty

Concerns about communication inequality have resurfaced in the age of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Just as the 1970s-era debates on the New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO) focused on imbalances in global news flows, contemporary AI systems now determine what in...

Knowledge and practice regarding antenatal care and its effect on maternal and neonatal outcome among postnatal mothers admitted in a selected hospital of West Bengal

Background: The key component of maternal health care is antenatal care (ANC), which ensures safe pregnancy and childbirth. Maternal and neonatal complications can be reduced by adequate knowledge and good practice among women. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to as...

Respiratory health challenges among construction workers in Chennai, India – A mixed-methods study

Background: Construction workers in urban India, particularly in rapidly developing cities like Chennai, are exposed to high levels of occupational dust, increasing the risk of respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Aims...

Comparative evaluation of Para-sartorial compartments block versus adductor canal block for post-operative analgesia in total knee replacement surgeries: A prospective randomized study

Background: Effective post-operative analgesia after total knee replacement (TKR) is vital for early mobilization and recovery. Adductor canal block (ACB) is widely used due to its motor-sparing effect, though its analgesic coverage may be limited. The para-sartorial compartments...

Serum Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease risk in Eastern Indian adults: Insights from a tertiary care cohort

Background: Vitamin D plays a well-established role in bone metabolism, but recent evidence highlights its broader impact on cardiovascular health. Deficiency has been linked to hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Aims and Objectives: This st...

Comparison of shoulder tip pain following low-pressure versus standard-pressure CO2 pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the standard treatment for symptomatic gallbladder disease. Low-pressure pneumoperitoneum (LPP) may improve post-operative recovery by reducing pain compared with standard pressure pneumoperitoneum. Aims and Objectives: This study...

Beyond glycemic thresholds: Redefining prediabetes screening for the south Asian phenotype

The global epicenter of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has shifted decisively to South Asia, where countries such as Nepal are witnessing an unprecedented surge in metabolic disorders. Evidence demonstrates that timely intervention during the prediabetic phase remains the most e...