Research works

On the notion of kinetic energy in a space–time of maximal proper acceleration

Abstract It is shown in this work that in spacetimes of maximal proper acceleration, there are situations where a particle decelerates and simultaneously increases its kinetic energy. To illustrate the effect, a classical one-dimensional electric cavity-like scheme is discussed....

From baseline levels to cumulative exposure and longitudinal trajectories: estimated glucose disposal rate and incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS)

Abstract Background Insulin resistance is implicated in the development of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM), but evidence regarding the associations of baseline, cumulative, and longitudinal patterns of estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) with incident CMM remains limited....

Attenuation of cyclophosphamide toxicity by protective effects of curcumin in albino rats model

Abstract Background Chemotherapy primarily treats cancer by using drugs to kill cancer cells. Curcumin, a natural adjuvant, shows promise in preventing side effects. Purpose This study seeks to determine curcumin’s protective effect against cyclophosphamide toxicity. Materials an...

Interpretable Models vs Post-Hoc Explanations: True Cost Comparison for Enterprise AI

Research article: Interpretable Models vs Post-Hoc Explanations: True Cost Comparison for Enterprise AI

Comparative population genomics reveal stark differences in the genomic structure and drivers of isolation for two sky island bumble bees

Abstract Genetic diversity is critical for species’ persistence and for preserving biodiversity. Regions with extreme elevation gradients, including ‘sky island’ systems, are predicted to restrict gene flow owing to dispersal barriers between high-elevation habitat patches (isola...

Deciphering coccolith formation: advanced microscopy insights from the biomineralization of Gephyrocapsa huxleyi

Abstract Coccolithophores are unicellular marine phytoplankton that produce complex and intricately shaped mineralized scales called coccoliths. Coccoliths are produced in an intracellular vesicle where crystal nucleation occurs, from which several individual calcite units develo...

Who mimics nature? Disciplinary asymmetry in biomimetic and bioinspired research teams

Abstract Biomimetics is generally viewed as inherently interdisciplinary, yet the disciplinary composition of biomimetic research teams has not been systematically quantified. We analysed 74 407 biomimetics-related publications from the past two decades and classified 436 010 aut...

How does AI-generated assessment compare to expert assessment in simulation-based experiences: Analyzing AI-human interrater reliability

Abstract Background In the health professions, artificial intelligence simulation-based experiences (AI-SBEs) are increasingly used to evaluate learner performance and provide feedback. Benefits of AI-SBEs include providing instantaneous feedback, allowing more practice opportuni...

Evolution expresses the second law of thermodynamics in action

Abstract Evolution through natural selection has long been considered unique to biological systems, yet similar patterns emerge from physical, chemical, technological, economic and social processes. Skewed distributions, often near-lognormal, and sigmoidal courses, often with a p...

Clinical-immunological phenotyping and score-based automated diagnostic support for chronic nonspecific upper urinary tract infections: a combined prospective-retrospective diagnostic study

Abstract Background Chronic nonspecific upper urinary tract infections (CNUTIs), including chronic pyelonephritis, are characterized by recurrent inflammation, persistent urinary abnormalities, and variable responses to conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Standard...

Holcoglossum amesianum

Holcoglossum amesianum (Orchidaceae) is an important orchid species. This project reportedthe chromosome level reference genome of Holcoglossum amesianum based onPacBio, lllumina and Hi-C data. These data are helpful to clarify the ecologicalfunction of Holcoglossum amesianum and...

Effect of generative artificial intelligence training on the competencies of border guard agents.

This study assessed whether a generative artificial intelligence training model develops the professional competencies of border guard agents in training more than traditional instruction. A quasi-experimental pretest and posttest design was applied to 168 agents at a training sc...

Comparison of a single dose of follitropin alfa administered before or after clomiphene citrate in the treatment of unexplained infertility

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a single 150 international unit (IU) dose of follitropin alfa (FA), administered either before or after clomiphene citrate (CC), in women with unexplained infertility.Methods: This prospective interventional study included 105 patients alloc...

Mapping generative AI governance readiness in Kurdistan Region universities

Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is reshaping higher education by challenging established ideas of plagiarism, authorship, academic integrity, assessment, disclosure, digital literacy, and institutional responsibility. Many universities already have plagiarism...

Predictable Information Across Galactic and Cosmological Scales: An Inquiry

A previous rotation-curve study found that galaxy discrepancies contain predictive information that transfers robustly across galaxies. We ask whether comparable organization appears in the large-scale peculiar-velocity field. Using 36,506 Cosmicflows-4 galaxies within 270 Mpc, w...

A global sagittal deviation index (GSDI-5) incorporating upper cervical alignment: initial construct validation in forward head posture

Abstract Purpose Forward head posture (FHP) is commonly assessed using isolated cervical measures, potentially overlooking its relationship with global sagittal alignment. This study introduces the Global Sagittal Deviation Index (GSDI-5), a composite measure integrating multireg...

Cypripedium singchii

Cypripedium singchii (Orchidaceae) is an important orchid species. This project reportedthe chromosome level reference genome of Cypripedium singchii based onPacBio, lllumina and Hi-C data. These data are helpful to clarify the ecologicalfunction of Cypripedium singchii and the e...

The emergence of egocentric biases when comparing others is independent of whether groups or individuals are being compared

Abstract Flexible social comparisons require transforming information across reference frames, a process thought to depend on map-like computations in the hippocampal formation. Previous work has shown that egocentric social biases—an implicit reliance on self-knowledge—emerge wh...

THE MYTH OF ‘ABANDONMENT’: FINDING (SEMI-)NOMADIC INHABITATIONS OF ANATOLIAN ANTIQUITIES AMIDST THE LIMITATIONS OF LONG-NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELOGUES

Descriptions of abandoned ruins abound across the pages of travelogues created by European visitors to Ottoman Anatolia during the long nineteenth century. Yet, remnants of ancient architecture were often less devoid of inhabitation than these authors presented. Some of the most...

Evolution of Research on Satellite-Based Monitoring for Algal Blooms in the African Great Lakes

Abstract Algal blooms pose significant environmental and economic challenges worldwide. As their impact increases, there is an urgent need to improve forecasting models that predict their occurrence, development, and trends. Understanding recent research developments in satellite...