Research works

Quantum photonic treatment of nano-polarization in diffraction gratings

Diffraction grating devices are composed of equally spaced, identical slits separated by opaque strips. Discrete or monolithic gratings are fabricated by applying fine grooves with a diamond point either on a plane glass surface or on a polished metal mirror to produce transmissi...

Prospero prevents lineage-specific loss and gain by regulating cyclin E and mitosis during Drosophila neurogenesis

Abstract In Drosophila , neuroblasts (NBs) undergo self-renewing asymmetric divisions to generate ganglion mother cells (GMCs). Each GMC undergoes a terminal asymmetric division to generate two neurons. It was previously suggested that the loss of function of the chromatin-bindin...

Development and internal validation of a deep learning system for criterion-specific assessment of preclinical dental soap carvings: a multi-rater study

Preclinical dental morphology education, assessment of soap-carving exercises may be influenced by inter-rater variability and the workload associated with manual evaluation. This study developed and internally evaluated an artificial intelligence (AI)–based deep learning system...

Analysis of circulatory extracellular vesicle–associated cytokines as candidate disease-associated markers in ER-positive breast cancer

Abstract Introduction Cytokines are signaling molecules produced by various cell types, including immune cells, and play important roles in tumor development and progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound particles secreted by all cell types, including can...

Harnessing the Silicon Effect for Copper-Catalyzed Linear- E -Selective Reductive Coupling of Ketones with Allenylsilanes

Abstract We report a copper-catalyzed reductive coupling of ketones with allenylsilanes that delivers γ-silyl homoallylic alcohols with exceptional linear E-selectivities. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the silyl substituent functions as a directing element for regiosel...

Writing From the Borderlands: A Community Testimonio Workshop for Teachers

This qualitative study explores the impact of a week-long, community-based writing workshop for English Language Arts and History teachers working along the US–Mexico border. Centered on testimonio—a narrative genre rooted in cultural identity and community solidarity and charact...

Weight-loss and body-composition trajectories after bariatric surgery may follow different timelines

Weight stability is commonly used as a practical marker after bariatric surgery and may influence the timing of subsequent elective procedures. Recent longitudinal body-composition data show that changes in body weight, fat mass, fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, and phase ang...

Human microglia clear intraneuronal α-synuclein aggregates by GPNMB-mediated trogocytosis

Microglia are the primary immune cells of the brain, but their role in Parkinson’s disease is not fully understood. Chronic microglial activation is toxic to neurons, but in the early stages of pathology, microglia also exert beneficial functions. We used induced pluripotent stem...

Rethinking internal colonialism: an analysis of the concept’s limitations and benefits

This study aims to re-examine the concept of internal colonialism by analysing its limitations and benefits and reviewing its uses in the literature. It argues that treating this concept as a separate category from colonialism leads to an inadequate understanding of the colonial...

Balanced Animal Nutrition for Better Feeds, Healthy Animals, Safe Food, and a Healthy Planet: A One Health Perspective—An Invited Review

Livestock production is increasingly expected to deliver not only higher output, but also better animal health and welfare, safer and more nutritious food, viable livelihoods, and lower environmental pressure. This invited review examines balanced animal nutrition within a One He...

Race and Ethnicity Are Associated With Physical Impairment Among ICU Survivors

Objectives: To evaluate whether race and ethnicity are associated with increased odds of physical impairment among post-ICU survivors and to assess how impairment influences healthcare utilization after hospital discharge. Design: This was a retrospective cohort study. Setting: T...

Risk Assessment of Shield Tunnelling in Mixed Ground Using a Coupled Subjective–Objective Weighting and Fuzzy Set Pair Analysis Model

Shield tunnelling in upper-soft and lower-hard mixed ground is characterised by strong geological heterogeneity and coupled construction risks, including uneven cutterhead loading, face instability, cutter wear and abnormal fluctuations in tunnelling parameters. This study assess...

Spatially Controlled Release from Printable Microgels for Embedded Bioprinting

Abstract Granular hydrogels composed of jammed microgels have emerged as promising biomaterials for 3D bioprinting due to their tunable viscoelastic properties and ability to incorporate bioactive molecules and encapsulate cells within the interstitial spaces between the particle...

Age-Related Electrophysiological Reorganization During In-Phase and Anti-Phase Bimanual Coordination

Background/Objectives: Healthy aging is associated with declines in bimanual coordination, particularly under more demanding coordination modes. However, the electrophysiological changes accompanying these behavioral differences and their relevance to performance remain unclear....

Innate allorecognition induces HSP70 in monocytes contributing to renal allograft rejection

After encountering allogeneic nonself, monocytes differentiate to DCs, which in turn activate the adaptive immune system that drives transplant rejection. The downstream mechanisms of allorecognition are largely unknown. We analyzed scRNA-seq data sets to identify transcriptional...

Deep diffractive optical neural networks for detecting skyrmionic topologies of light and their live training

Optical skyrmions are topological forms of structured light offering an unbounded encoding alphabet robust to perturbations. However, their practical use is limited by the absence of a topological detector, since states distinguished by their topological invariant, N, are not nec...

Hall Thruster Plume Characterization with Spatially Resolved Ion Energy Distribution Measurements

Standard methods for characterizing thruster efficiency using plume diagnostics are insufficient for electric propulsion systems with unknown or highly divergent plume structures. The standard practice of measuring a centerline ion energy distribution function is compared to spat...

A systematic experimental investigation on the aerodynamic contribution to mooring tension response in floating offshore wind turbines

Quantifying the aerodynamic effects on mooring line tension is essential to distinguish wind-induced impacts from wave-driven dynamics and to improve the understanding of mooring system behaviour under coupled environmental loading conditions. The present work provides the first...

Determinants of Delivery Hospital Choice in Georgia, 2016–2021

Background: US maternal mortality and severe maternal morbidity (SMM) are marked by substantial disparities by race, payer, and geography. To the extent that such disparities are driven by differences across hospitals rather than within hospitals, understanding what shapes delive...

Global disaster risk assessment from Emergency Events Database (2013–2023)

This study introduces an Accumulated-Event Risk Indicator (ARI) to identify global hotspots of recent major-event accumulation using 2013–2023 records from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT). For each 5° × 5° latitude–longitude grid cell, ARI sums the country-level World Risk...