UNSW Sydney

High sensitivity C-reactive protein and the risk of cardio-kidney outcomes in adults with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease: a nationwide study

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: The burden and prognostic significance of inflammation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains poorly characterized, with prior studies yielding conflicting estimates of the association between elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and ca...

Paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation research priorities: Results from an international multi‐stakeholder priority setting partnership

Summary Co‐designed research in paediatric HSCT is limited. We sought to determine research priorities which represent the shared priorities of patients, parents, carers and healthcare professionals (HCP) within Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. An i...

Managing Vector Data for Retrieval Augmented Generation@Dagstuhl Seminar Summary

This report summarizes discussions that took place in the context of a Dagstuhl seminar1 to explore the emerging paradigm of AI-native databases designed to support agentic workflows and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with robust...

From prediction to mechanism: rethinking PTSD treatment non-response through an iron–inflammation framework

Precision psychiatry has improved prediction of treatment response across psychiatry, but translating biomarkers into treatment strategy remains difficult. Using PTSD as a model, we outline an iron-inflammation framework linking treatment-predictive neural circuitry to an upstrea...

In Vivo Blood Kinetics and Transcript Integrity of Three mRNA–Lipid Nanoparticle Vaccines in Humans

Abstract mRNA–lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines are detectable in human blood after vaccination, but platform-specific differences in systemic persistence and transcript integrity remain poorly defined. We analyzed serial blood samples from 73 participants receiving Moderna mRNA-...

Lung cancer incidence, metastatic disease and mortality in people accessing mental health services: Opportunities for screening

Objective: To describe lung cancer incidence, stage and post-diagnosis mortality in people accessing mental health services, focusing on people aged 50–70 targeted by Australia’s new lung cancer screening programme. Methods: Linkage to the New South Wales Cancer Registry identifi...

Fast, Strong Capillary Liquid Metal Muscles

Harnessing liquid surface tension to perform mechanical work is widespread in nature and underpins many bioinspired technologies. However, fully exploiting liquid surface energy requires rapid, reversible, and wide‐range tuning of surface tension—capabilities lacking in conventio...

Distribution of relaxation time analysis for stage-resolved flexural damage sensing in carbon black-modified ultra-high-performance concrete

Self-sensing cement composites convert mechanical deformation and cracking into measurable electrical responses. However, the conductive-network evolution underlying resistance variation and their ability to track loading-induced damage remain insufficiently understood. Here, we...

Hypertension detection, treatment and control in young adults in Australia

Young adult hypertension increases risk of future cardiovascular disease but is often overlooked. We aimed to identify opportunities to reduce blood pressure among younger adults by determining the drivers of hypertension detection, treatment and control in young adults in Austra...

Learning to Generalize Across Conditions: A PPO-Based Learning Approach to Multi-Condition Multi-Objective Optimization

This study introduces sPPO-CR, a policy-gradient deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm for multi-objective (MO) and multi-condition multi-objective (MCMO) optimization. The method builds on a simplified single-step variant of Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and incorpora...

A framework for cost‐effective scalable revegetation planning: Experimental evidence of early establishment using native grass species

Abstract To ensure the effective allocation of funding, revegetation projects require transparent and integrated evaluations of costs and benefits. Yet, these elements are commonly omitted or reported separately, leaving stakeholders with an incomplete picture of the resourcing r...

Patterns of re-presentations to Tasmanian emergency departments for suicidal behaviour

Objective: To examine sociodemographic and episode-of-care characteristics among individuals presenting with suicidal behaviour who re-present to emergency departments in Tasmania, Australia. Methods: Emergency department presentations related to suicidal behaviour from 1 January...

Stratosphere–troposphere exchange and surface ozone pollution over tropical regions: a case study of Rossby wave breaking and tropopause folding

Abstract. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) is a key process by which ozone-rich stratospheric air enters the troposphere, influencing surface air quality. This study analyses an atypical STE event over North America between 6 and 14 March 2016, coinciding with a Phase I oz...

Factors Influencing Statutory Duty of Candor Implementation in Victoria, Australia

BACKGROUND: Globally, candor-type legislations, which encourage transparency following a serious adverse patient safety event (SAPSE), exist in various countries, or jurisdictions within them, including the United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Ireland, and Australia. However, an evid...

Diversity–multifunctionality relationships shift with increasing aridity in grasslands

Grasslands, a dominant global ecosystem, face an uncertain future. Diverse grasslands can maintain multiple functions (multifunctionality); however, the relative roles of species diversity and functional diversity in promoting this resilience remain unclear. We examined how the d...

Global Incidence of All-Cause Dementia

Importance Global dementia incidence estimates are limited by underrepresentation of low- and middle-income countries and heterogeneous analytic methods. Due to these limitations, true understanding of the global dementia landscape remains incomplete. Objective To identify dement...

The honey bee stinger: An unusual pump with collapsible double pistons

Most stinging animals deliver venom by contracting muscles around a venom reservoir, but honey bees employ a fundamentally different strategy. The stingers of worker bees have the unique ability to autotomize, separating from the body, to continue to sting independently. Despite...

Free Mucosal Grafting Is a Simple Adjunct for Rapid Re‐Epithelization in Septal Perforation Repair

ABSTRACT Objective Mucosal grafting has become more established in rhinology. While it is accepted that free mucosal grafts take to bone and vascularized recipient beds, the use of mucosal grafting on the contralateral side during nasal septal perforation (NSP) repair with vascul...

Ordering Herpes simplex virus serology in asymptomatic, non-pregnant patients: a national survey of Australian General Practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes and practices

Introduction Diagnostic serology for Herpes simplex virus is not recommended among asymptomatic, non-pregnant patients. Aim This study aimed to survey knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding herpes serology and management among general practitioners across Australia. Methods...

Bronchoscope Tip Localization With Learned Airway Constraints and an Open Source Simulator

Accurate bronchoscope localization is challenging because airway images contain limited texture and similar views across branches. We present BronchoLoc, a learning‐based framework that combines monocular video with a preoperative CT centerline graph to estimate the 3D bronchosco...