University of Wisconsin–Madison

Host phenology drives directional assembly of the fruit endophytic mycobiome and precedes disease-associated community dominance in cranberry

Plant disease complexes are difficult to resolve because disease progression can be correlated among multiple microbial taxa within the same host environment rather than arising from a single causal agent. Cranberry fruit rot (CFR), one of the most economically important diseases...

Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Vitiligo-Associated Hearing Loss Among Patients in a Phase 2 Clinical Trial of Povorcitinib

Patients with vitiligo reportedly have an increased risk of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), driven by the loss of extracutaneous melanocytes in the inner ear. In a phase 2 dose-ranging study, the oral, selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitor povorcitinib demonstrated substantial re...

Isolation of Phytoecdysteroids:Ajugasterone C and20-Hydroxyecdysone, from Sida alba Linn.

Abstract Medicinal plants are employed in folk medicine as enormous reservoirs of secondary metabolites, with varied and distinctive chemical and biological properties, that can prevent, treat, or cure diseases. Consequently, the validation of traditional remedies has remained a...

Prioritizing clinical utility to use allostatic load as a biomarker of the consequences of stress

Allostatic load measures the physiological consequences of stress and is associated with disease outcomes. Clinical use of allostatic load is limited, in part, because its calculation requires biomarkers not routinely measured in clinical care. Presently, we evaluated association...

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric assessment of the Chinese version of the University of Wisconsin Running Injury and Recovery Index in runners

The University of Wisconsin Running Injury and Recovery Index (UWRI) is a nine-item patient-reported outcome measure assessing self-perceived running ability following running-related injury (RRI). This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the UWRI into Chinese and...

Wisconsin State Comprehensive Planning Requirements are Associated with Better Local Planning for Healthy Eating and Active Living: A Multilevel Policy Content Analysis

Purpose To determine whether the specificity of mandates in Wisconsin’s state comprehensive planning statute is associated with the inclusion and actionability of healthy eating and active living items in local comprehensive plans. Design Retrospective, cross-sectional, multileve...

OntoCodex: a multi-agent biomedical ontology enrichment framework

Ontology enrichment is a critical but labor-intensive step in semantic knowledge representation. To address this challenge, we propose OntoCodex, a multi-agent framework that integrates large language models (LLMs), ontologies, curated knowledge sources, and standard vocabularies...

The Zooplankton International Geospatial dataset: A global repository of spatiotemporal freshwater zooplankton community composition data from lakes and reservoirs to support ecological research

Abstract Zooplankton transfer substantial energy in aquatic food webs and are used as indicators of environmental change. Syntheses of zooplankton community dynamics globally require datasets that span a wide range of environmental gradients; however, these datasets are limited d...

Review of Particle Physics *

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,200 new measurements from 903 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and b...

A multi-ancestry polygenic risk score for body mass index predicts longitudinal weight change

Abstract Background Identifying individuals at risk for future weight gain is challenging, partly because associations with traditional clinical risk factors may be biased by confounding and reverse causation. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) provide a stable, lifelong measure of gene...

High-Throughput Proteomicand Glycoproteomic Analysesin Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Abstract Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disease affecting the majority of aging men; 90% of men develop histological BPH by the time they reach their eighties. BPH can lead to bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), which may reduce quality of life. Many patients...

Trans-affirming leaders’ professional capital: a critical mixed-methods study of educational policies, organizational practices and leadership on trans school workers' health

Purpose This study examines how policies, workplace climate and leadership contribute to trans PK-12 school workers' health and overall well-being. Design Using a critical mixed-methods design led by queer and trans scholars, we developed an online survey for trans school workers...

Ca 2+ regulation of PMCA2 calcium pump expression in hair cells of Tmc1 deafness mutants

Mutations in transmembrane channel-like protein 1 (TMC1), the pore-forming component of the mechano-electrical transducer (MET) channel in auditory hair cells, cause cell death and deafness in 3-wk old mice. We studied mice with mutations Tmc1 p.T416K, p.M412K, p.D528N, and p.D56...

Effects of Topical Omidenepag Isopropyl on Intraocular Pressure and Pupil Diameter in Normal Dogs

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of 0.002% omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI) ophthalmic solution on intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD) in clinically normal dogs. METHODS: Five healthy dogs (10 eyes) were included in this prospective randomized, observer-masked, placebo...

Drawing the line: Clarifying fungal allorecognition from HET domains to het genes to heterokaryon incompatibility

The iconic networks of filamentous fungi are connected through hyphal fusions. While fusion is beneficial among hyphae from the same fungal individual, fusion between individuals (i.e., heterokaryon formation) risks infection by parasites or pathogens. Across fungi, multiple sets...

From Choose and Hope to Evidence and Impact: Rethinking School-Based Behavioral Health Decisions

A challenge in school-based behavioral health is how evidence-based practices are selected and implemented. Decision-making within schools often prioritizes feasibility instead of research evidence. The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of school decision-maker...

Effect of time to palliative epilepsy surgery on outcomes

Abstract Objective Epilepsy duration is a modifiable risk factor in the outcome of definitive epilepsy surgery; however, an analogous effect in palliative procedures has not been shown. We reviewed the Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Database data for an association between epilepsy d...

The polymerase milieu of human papillomavirus

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause cervical, anogenital, and head and neck cancers. A key oncogenic mechanism involves viral exploitation of host DNA damage tolerance pathways to support productive replication, a process that also drives genomic instability. Despite ev...

Structure-Based Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of LuxR-Type Quorum Sensing Receptors

Quorum sensing (QS) enables bacteria to coordinate collective behaviors in response to population density. LuxI/R QS systems, common among gram-negative bacteria, consist of a LuxI-type synthase that produces an N- acyl L -homoserine lactone (AHL) signaling molecule and a LuxR-ty...

The Weight of the Number: Perceptions and Practices Surrounding Expected Body Weight Disclosure in Eating Disorder Treatment

ABSTRACT Objective Expected body weight (EBW) determination is common in eating disorder (ED) treatment, yet no evidence‐based guidelines exist for how to discuss EBWs with patients. Clinicians have previously conceptualized these discussions as therapeutic exposures targeting fe...