University of Utah

Cefepime versus piperacillin-tazobactam for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia

BACKGROUND: Both piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime are widely used for the treatment of pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Despite this, no studies have directly compared these agents for this purpose. METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study o...

Superlarge-Bore Versus Large-Bore Aspiration Catheters in Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Multicenter Propensity-Matched Analysis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Aspiration catheters are an integral component of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Following early series demonstrating increasing procedural efficiency and improved outcomes with use of large-bore (LB) aspiration catheters, ther...

Structural Homology and Binding Ability Comparisons of Epitope Pair Candidates for Molecular Mimicry Triggering of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Background Molecular mimicry is the process by which foreign peptides contain epitopes similar to self-peptides, potentially inducing autoimmune responses. Identifying potential molecular mimics and studying their properties is key to understanding the onset of autoimmun...

Vitamins and Human Health: 3rd Edition Editorial

Vitamins are essential micronutrients that regulate numerous physiological responses critical to human health: cellular metabolism, immune function, endocrine signaling, tissue repair, musculoskeletal performance, and more [...]

Redefining atrial fibrillation treatment success: patient-defined goals for arrhythmia burden and health-related quality of life

Background: Despite the use of atrial fibrillation (AF) cutoff of 30s as the standard for success in most AF clinical trials, patients consider an AF Severity Scale (AFSS) of ≤ 5 or AF duration ≤ 1 hour as treatment success. Prevalence and factors associated with these patient-de...

Above-Knee Amputees’ Balance and Recovery Strategies After Mediolateral Perturbations from a Cable-Driven System

Purpose This study aims to analyze the balance responses and foot placement strategies of above-knee amputees following controlled mediolateral perturbations and to compare these responses with those of non-amputee individuals. Methods We recruited eight above-knee amputees and e...

A drug repurposing screen reveals dopamine signaling as a candidate therapeutic pathway for PIGA-CDG

encodes an enzyme responsible for the catalytic transfer of N-acetylglucosamine to phosphatidylinositol during the first step of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthesis. Loss of this enzyme has a widespread phenotypic impact, but primarily results in neurological symptom...

Inpatient Deaths in Pediatric Leukodystrophies

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives Leukodystrophies are neurogenetic diseases affecting the white matter of the central nervous system. The contributing factors for leukodystrophy mortality are incompletely understood. Our objectives were to characterize inpatient deaths of pedia...

Summary of Research: Brentuximab Vedotin and Nivolumab in Combination with Chemotherapy for Nonbulky, Early-Stage Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

This is a summary of the original research article “Brentuximab Vedotin and Nivolumab in Combination with Chemotherapy for Nonbulky, Early-Stage Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.” The phase 2 SGN35-027 study (NCT03646123) is a multiple-part clinical trial of brentuximab vedotin (BV), w...

Socioeconomic, psychological distress, and social norm correlates of youth smoking and vaping: a multilevel pooled cross-sectional analysis

Abstract Introduction Cigarette smoking among youth has continued to decline in recent years as vaping product use has become increasingly popular. Lower socioeconomic status (SES), psychological distress, and exposure to more permissive smoking norms are associated with higher r...

Why Poverty in the Present Matters for Intergenerational Concern and the Future of Humanity

Contrary to perceived tensions between addressing present and future societal needs, we find present-day poverty and inequality are deeply connected with attitudes toward far-future welfare at both societal and individual levels. Study 1 (144 countries) shows that poorer, more un...

Using Tower‐Based Observational Networks to Assess the Impact of COVID‐19 Lockdowns on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Six North American Cities

Abstract The onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic in North America and the lockdowns that followed in March 2020 brought forth a rapid change to societal functions disrupting many aspects of normal life, including the greenhouse gas emissions associated with them. In this work, we exam...

Changes in External Developmental Assets Across Adolescence in Low‐Income Urban Youth

ABSTRACT This study investigated longitudinal changes in external developmental assets (EDA)—support, empowerment, boundaries & expectations across ecological and interpersonal contexts of family, peers, school, and neighborhood—among predominantly Black, low‐income urban adolesc...

Variation in meningioma recurrence risk estimates across observational cohorts: the influence of calendar time, WHO classifications, geographical settings, and healthcare systems

Abstract Purpose Recurrence risk estimates underpin meningioma research, including molecular classification and clinical trial benchmarking, yet are often based on retrospective or historical data. The aim of this study was to assess the variation of recurrence risk estimates acr...

Improving simulation of Earth system variability through weakly coupled ocean data assimilation in E3SM

Abstract. Accurate initialization of ocean states is essential for skillful prediction of Earth system variability across seasonal-to-decadal timescales. In this study, we evaluate the impact of a newly developed four-dimensional ensemble variational (4DEnVar)-based weakly couple...

Resection and Reimplantation of a Nearly Atretic Left Main Coronary Artery in an Adolescent

Congenital coronary artery stenosis is a rare coronary anomaly with significant variability in presentation and management. We present a case of severe left main coronary artery stenosis in a young female. A 14-year-old female was referred to the Cardiology Clinic for multiple ep...

A Commotion in the Mind: Direct and Indirect Associations of Moral Injury Symptom Severity and Stoicism with Suicide Risk in U.S. Military Veterans

Moral injury (MI) and stoicism have mixed independent associations with suicide risk among U.S. military veterans, yet little is known about how these constructs interact. We examined direct and indirect associations among MI symptom severity, stoicism, and suicide risk. Study pa...

3D seismic imaging of a fracture damage zone controlling reservoir compartmentalization at the Raft River EGS using multi-azimuth walkaway VSP

Accurate imaging of steeply dipping fracture zones in crystalline enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) is critical for constraining permeability architecture and guiding stimulation design. However, such structures remain poorly resolved by conventional surface seismic methods. We p...

Curve fitting algorithm for multimodal particle size distributions – a theoretical basis

Abstract. Here we detail an open-source curve fitting algorithm for multimodal particle size distributions (MPSDs) and evaluate it against a ten-year dataset of ambient particle size distribution (PSD) measurements collected at Storm Peak Laboratory, a remote mountainous research...

Neuralgic Amyotrophy Following Rotator Cuff Repair

Neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) is an uncommon but potentially debilitating cause of pain and weakness that is felt to be inflammatory in nature. This patient-focused case report describes the experience of a 64-year-old active male who developed severe periscapular pain eight days aft...