University of Tübingen

Systemic administration of the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 disrupts reward-related behaviors across ingestive and social domains in mice

Metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptors (mGluR2/3) have been implicated in depression, anxiety, learning, and memory, yet their role in reward-related behavior remains poorly understood. Here, we examined the effects of the selective mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 on reward-related be...

Diffusion of neuromodulators for temporal credit assignment

Biological learning achieves temporal credit assignment despite sparse and imprecise feedback, often relying on neuromodulatory signals acting over space and time. Here, we introduce a learning mechanism in which error information diffuses locally through the network, similar to...

Lebanese faunal legacy collections uncover 400,000 years of woodland resilience and distinct hominin ecological strategies

Abstract The Levant is a key biogeographic corridor, yet historical instability has limited research creating a polarization toward its southern region. To address this geographical bias, we reassessed three legacy faunal collections from Lebanon: Naame, Nahr Ibrahim, and Ras el-...

Biliary complications in pediatric living donor liver transplantation: An international multicenter analysis of risk and prognostic factors

Biliary reconstruction is often considered the Achilles’ heel of liver transplantation, yet risk factors and outcomes remain poorly defined, particularly in pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). This international multicenter study aims to identify predictors of bi...

Cultural Evolution Theory – Bridging Which Gap?

Abstract Since the 19th century, numerous approaches have been developed to determine the relationship between Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and humans as cultural beings. All reductionist approaches, from Social Darwinism and its normative claims to Sociobiology and Memet...

Archaeozoology and Biomolecular Analysis in Archaic Phoenician Gadir—The Site of Sagasta–Tinte (9th–8th Centuries BC)

Faunal remains constitute one of the main sources of evidence for reconstructing foodways and economic practices in Phoenician societies. Archaeological research conducted over recent decades in the Iberian Peninsula has highlighted their importance for understanding food product...

Optical genome mapping improves structural variant detection and characterization in syndromic and neurogenetic disorders

Abstract Optical Genome Mapping (OGM) offers superior resolution compared to standard diagnostic methods such as karyotyping and FISH, enabling the detection of nearly all types of chromosomal aberrations with non-centromeric breakpoints. This study evaluated OGM’s potential to e...

Transforming GP practices into multiprofessional primary care centers: The role of nursing professionals (PRIMA) – study protocol for a multicenter non-randomized, controlled, parallel-group intervention study

Background Germany faces increasing challenges in primary care due to demographic change, workforce shortages, and the growing prevalence of chronic conditions. Integrating nursing professionals into primary care teams may improve continuity, comprehensiveness, and efficiency of...

Differentiability of the Value Function in Control-Constrained Parabolic Problems

Abstract. Along the optimal trajectory of an optimal control problem constrained by a semilinear parabolic partial differential equation, we prove the differentiability of the value function with respect to the initial condition and, under additional assumptions on the solution o...

Resilient populism in a changing world: oppositional strategies in Turkey and their prospects

What explains the resilience of authoritarian populism in power? The case of Turkey is highly instructive from a European and global point of view, as it shows: (a) under which conditions institutionalized authoritarian populism can remain in power in spite of several crises; and...

Compiling with the Sequent Calculus

Compiling a high-level functional programming language to machine code that can be executed efficiently on a modern machine is complicated, since we have to traverse many different levels of abstraction. This is particularly challenging if the language contains some form of contr...

Aberrant Expression of Multiple T‐Cell Markers in Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma: A Rare Case Report

ABSTRACT Aberrant expression of T‐cell markers in B‐cell lymphomas is rare and can pose diagnostic challenges. We report a case of a 65‐year‐old man presenting with newly developed scalp nodules. Histopathology revealed nodular lymphoid infiltrates composed of large centrocytes a...

Ecological momentary insights into cannabis use and its contexts: a pre-post legalization study in Germany

Abstract Globally, cannabis ranks third in psychoactive substance prevalence after nicotine and alcohol, with heavy use linked to psychosis, anxiety, and depression. However, real-time data on how legal reforms influence consumption remain scarce. This Ecological Momentary Assess...

Transforming Science with Large Language Models: A Survey on AI-assisted Scientific Discovery, Experimentation, Content Generation, and Evaluation

With the advent of large multimodal language models, science is now at a threshold of an AI-based technological transformation. An emerging ecosystem of models and tools aims to support researchers throughout the scientific lifecycle, including (1) searching for relevant literatu...

The 84% Method: A Terminal-Digit Selection Heuristic for Two-Digit Mental Multiplication

The 84% Method is a selection heuristic for two-digit mental multiplication. It classifies a factor as favorable when its units digit is 0, 1, 2, 5, 8, or 9. Under uniformly distributed terminal digits, the probability that at least one of two factors is favorable is 1 − (4/10)²...

A numerical method to simulate the stochastic linear-quadratic optimal control problem with control constraints in higher dimensions

Abstract We propose an implementable numerical scheme for the discretization of linear-quadratic optimal control problems involving stochastic differential equations in higher dimensions with control constraints . For time discretization, we employ the implicit Euler scheme, deri...

The 84% Method: A Terminal-Digit Selection Heuristic for Two-Digit Mental Multiplication

The 84% Method is a selection heuristic for two-digit mental multiplication. It classifies a factor as favorable when its units digit is 0, 1, 2, 5, 8, or 9. Under uniformly distributed terminal digits, the probability that at least one of two factors is favorable is 1 − (4/10)²...

Correlation of [18F]SiTATE-PET-tracer with somatostatin receptor expression in meningiomas: an exploratory ex vivo histological pilot study

Abstract Background Radioactively labeled somatostatin analogs (SSAs) are used in PET imaging of meningiomas due to the high expression of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtype 2. 18 F-labeled SSTR-tracers offer several economic and logistical advantages over 68 Ga-labeled tracers...

Development of the nasal capsule in Emydura subglobosa (Testudines: Pleurodira) with a comparison to other turtles

Abstract Extant turtles occupy freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats, and their nasal region provides important evidence for the evolution of respiration‐ and sensory‐related cranial morphology. However, developmental data on the turtle nasal capsule remain limited, partic...

The metacognitive paradox of OCD: confidence is globally reduced but shows increased sensitivity to local evidence

Confidence is a critical metacognitive signal that guides performance. Biases in confidence, such as excessive doubt, are hallmark features of mental health disorders, especially obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Yet, the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms and how they link...