University of Oxford

PLASTID ENVELOPE ION CHANNELS (PEC1/2) link Ca 2+ and jasmonic acid signaling in plant cells

Plants constantly encounter adverse environmental interactions. One organelle is particularly specialized in stress signaling and phytohormone synthesis: the plastid. Calcium (Ca 2+ ), a key second messenger, is known to intersect with cellular phytohormone signaling networks. Wh...

Global Existence and Nonlinear Stability of Finite-Energy Solutions of the Compressible Euler–Riesz Equations with Large Initial Data of Spherical Symmetry

Abstract The compressible Euler–Riesz equations are fundamental with wide applications in astrophysics, plasma physics, and mathematical biology. In this paper, we are concerned with the global existence and nonlinear stability of finite-energy solutions of the multidimensional E...

Polygenic score for sleep duration in relation to the risk of Alzheimer’s disease: results from the UK biobank

Abstract INTRODUCTION Studies have suggested sleep duration may be associated with Alzheimer’s disease risk, but findings based on self-reported sleep duration are likely to be influenced by reverse causation and residual confounding bias. METHODS A polygenic score (PGS) for devi...

“It just isn’t happening”: emotional obstacles in Russo-Georgian queer interactions in post-February 2022 Georgia

Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, over 100,000 Russian citizens have migrated to Georgia. Among them were a large number of LGBTQ+ people concerned about a rise in legislative homophobia and transphobia. With shared experiences of anti-queer sentimen...

Utility of Face2Gene’s DeepGestalt and D-Score applications in paediatric neurodevelopmental disorders in South Africa

Abstract Face2Gene is a clinical tool that leverages facial features to aid genetic diagnosis. The DeepGestalt application suggests potential diagnoses based on facial similarity, while the D-Score evaluates likelihood of an individual having dysmorphic features suggestive of a p...

Virus-like particle display of consensus α-neurotoxins does not enhance neutralising antibody responses against elapid venoms

Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease, with neurotoxic elapid venoms in particular posing a major therapeutic challenge due to the rapid action and inter-species diversity of α-neurotoxins. Consensus toxin approaches have emerged as a promising strategy for generat...

Spin-disc misalignment drives periodic accretion and pulse profile asymmetry in X-ray pulsars

Abstract We investigate magnetospheric accretion in disc-fed X-ray pulsars assuming that the neutron star spin axis is not perpendicular to the disc plane. We focus on X-ray pulsars, where a geometrically thin disc is truncated far from the stellar surface the channelled part of...

Pricing with Algorithms

This paper studies Markov perfect equilibria in a repeated duopoly model where sellers choose algorithms. An algorithm is a mapping from the competitor's price to own price. Once set, the algorithms respond quickly. Customers arrive randomly and sellers can periodically revise th...

Taking Stock: Assessing Animal Welfare in South African Captive Lion Tourism Venues

South Africa maintains thousands of captive lions and other felids in commercial captive wildlife facilities. Despite ongoing debate regarding the welfare implications of this industry, empirical assessments of welfare conditions remain limited. This study conducted a baseline as...

Debating the Delphi View of Dyslexia: A Response to Metsala, Morsanyi and Colleagues

ABSTRACT Several commentators have discussed the consensus view of dyslexia that emerged from a Delphi survey reported by Carroll, Holden and colleagues. Here the authors respond to the commentaries, agreeing that different definitions of dyslexia may be required for different pu...

Null fluid/gravity correspondence

A bstract We construct a new class of perturbative asymptotically Anti-de Sitter pp-wave spacetimes by performing a long-wavelength expansion of Kaigorodov metrics in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. Holographically, these spacetimes are described by a null fluid hydrodynamic expa...

The effect of the respiratory rate on mechanical power and patient outcomes – a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: Mechanical power (MP) is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Respiratory rate (RR) is a key component of MP. The aim of this systematic review was to assess whether, among mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients, a low versus high RR is associated with diffe...

Delivery of multiple PspA fragments by CyaA toxoid induces broad protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae

Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract (LRT) infections and invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD). Conjugate vaccines are effective against IPD and nasal colonization but offer coverage limited to serotypes included in the formulations. Pne...

A reduced order model framework suitable for geotechnical problems

Abstract Data-driven methods are of increasing popularity for solving problems in geotechnics, offering as they do, the possibility of high-fidelity results without the effort of a detailed deterministic numerical analysis (e.g. using finite elements). A wide range of approaches...

Recombinant shingles vaccination and the risk of cardiovascular events

Abstract The recombinant herpes zoster (shingles) vaccine may reduce risks of cardiovascular disease. However, existing studies have compared vaccine recipients with non-recipients and, thus, are susceptible to confounding. To mitigate these biases, we conducted a natural experim...

Osteotomies around the knee are associated with low short‐term adverse event and reoperation rates: A 25‐year national Hospital Episode Statistics analysis in England

Abstract Purpose Osteotomy around the knee (OAK) is an established joint‐preserving procedure. We sought to use large‐scale registry data to examine the short‐term reoperation and adverse outcome rates after OAK. Methods Data on high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and distal femoral oste...

Hydrodynamic Limit from Kinetic Models with Massless Electrons to the Ionic Euler–Poisson System

Abstract. We study the derivation of ion dynamics, namely, the ionic Euler–Poisson system, from kinetic descriptions. The kinetic framework consists of the ionic Vlasov–Poisson equation coupled with either a nonlinear Fokker–Planck operator or a local alignment term. In both kine...

Integrating human linguistic insights into AI: theory-driven representation for multilingual text-to-speech

This paper explores the integration of human linguistic insights into multilingual text-to-speech (TTS) systems by evaluating the Featurally Underspecified Lexicon (FUL) as a theory-driven input representation. Unlike data-intensive end-to end models, FUL offers a compact, interp...

Public perceptions of polygenic testing and embryo selection for non-medical traits

Abstract Some advances in reproductive technologies raise substantial ethical and psychological challenges, for example, the use of preimplantation genetic testing to select embryos based on non-medical traits. While studies have explored public willingness to use preimplantation...

Plasma proteomes of obesity and allometric body shapes in the EPIC cohort

Abstract General obesity (high body mass index, BMI) affects circulating proteins. Obesity-related outcomes, however, differ by body shape but waist and hip circumferences cannot distinguish abdominal from general obesity. We therefore used the allometric body shape index (ABSI),...