University of Nottingham

Annual and Seasonal Rainfall Variability in Mozambique During the Nineteenth Century

ABSTRACT Understanding long‐term rainfall variability is critical for assessing climate risk in drought‐prone regions of southern Africa, yet instrumental records for much of the subcontinent are short and spatially sparse. Here, we present the first annually and seasonally resol...

Assessing the environmental aging behaviour of antioxidant modified bitumen via chemo-mechanical analysis

Antioxidants can mitigate bitumen aging, improving asphalt durability. This study evaluates the aging prevention performance of zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDC). Three laboratory aging methods (extensive thermal (3xPAV), thermo-chemical, and photo-thermal aging) were compared wi...

Reproducible human reward imaging phenotypes exhibit differential sensitivity to dopamine D2 receptor antagonism

Abstract Human reward processing varies along cue-centric and outcome-centric axes, but a reproducible mechanistic account of individual variation in incentive salience attribution has been lacking. Using fMRI across five cohorts (N-total=1,251; N1=890; N2=245; N3=34; N4=48; N5=3...

“Did I look at the blackness, or did I look at the stars?” Meaning making in stories of spirituality, mental health and recovery

This qualitative narrative study explores how adults with lived experience of mental health difficulties draw on spirituality to make meaning and support recovery. Thirty participants were interviewed and asked to share their stories of spirituality, mental health and recovery. A...

Re-thinking school leadership: towards an ethic of education and care

A global policy consensus asserts that school leaders should focus on improving teaching and learning. Previous studies of school principalship reveal processes of work intensification, with leaders working long hours and facing increased pressures. Meanwhile, in a context of glo...

Loss of salt iodization harmed child survival and academic achievement in Ethiopia

Abstract The introduction of salt iodization is associated with improved health and socioeconomic outcomes, but is not yet universally adopted and not always sustained. Using a quasi-experimental event study with difference-in-differences over space and time, we quantify the impa...

Limited Antibodies to Henipaviruses Detected Among Nigerian Horses Using Pseudotyped Virus Neutralization Tests

The Hendra virus (HeV; Henipavirus hendraense) and Nipah virus (NiV; Henipavirus nipahense), members of the genus Henipavirus, are high-consequence pathogens that have caused multiple zoonotic outbreaks with high mortality. Frequently, pigs or horses have acted as bridging hosts...

Copper‐Catalyzed Arylation of Cyclic and Bridged Diamines for Drug Discovery

Cyclic diamines are a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry, widely used to modulate physicochemical properties and as linker units in bifunctional molecules such as Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras. Existing approaches for aryl functionalization of these motifs rely on S N Ar...

Anatomical and Functional Outcomes of Repeat Vitrectomy Combined with Encircling Scleral Buckling for First Recurrent Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment After Primary Vitrectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate anatomical, visual, and safety outcomes after repeat pars plana vitrectomy combined with 360° encircling scleral buckling for first recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following primary vitrectomy. Methods: This retrospect...

Guidance for laboratory implementation, governance and continuous assurance of artificial intelligence in histopathology

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming histopathology, with applications ranging from workflow optimisation and quality assurance to tumour diagnosis, grading, biomarker assessment and estimation of prognosis. While numerous AI algorithms have demonstrated...

Re-electing the party leader: The 2024 PASOK contest

This article examines leadership contests in European mainstream parties confronting electoral decline and attempting to restore competitiveness. Focusing on this broader phenomenon, it analyses incumbent leaders seeking renewed mandates through open primary elections in such con...

Development and validation of the personal recovery scale (ReConnect) for mental health in Ethiopia

Background: Socio-cultural context is crucial for conceptualising personal recovery in mental health, but existing measures are from Western, high-income countries. Aim: To develop and validate a mental health personal recovery measure for people with mental health conditions in...

Enabling alloy screening via multi-material printing using a production PBF-LB machine

The development of novel functional alloys is often constrained by the onerous and costly discovery to validation process. Herein, we present a set-up to enable multi-material production of specimens through in-situ alloy formation using a production laser-based powder bed fusion...

The structure of the dopamine D 3 receptor bound to cariprazine reveals principles for partial agonists with designed pharmacology

The third-generation antipsychotic cariprazine is a low-efficacy partial agonist of the dopamine D 3 receptor (D 3 R). Here, we report the cryo–electron microscopy structure of cariprazine bound to D 3 R, establishing a framework for understanding ligand recognition in this recep...

Progressive oxygenation of developing leaves directs morphogenesis

Abstract Oxygen availability underpins energy production in multicellular organisms, yet internal oxygen gradients arise in both plants and animals. Plants sense these variations via the PLANT CYSTEINE OXIDASE branch of the N-degron pathway, which regulates the stability of key t...

Preparing to keep chickens: Your guide to safe housing, disease prevention and chicken welfare

This guide is targeted at people who keep poultry as a hobby or as pets. It provides suggestions on creating a safe setup for poultry and protecting them from predators, pests and disease.

A Review of Artificial Intelligence in Composite Finite Element Impact Damage Modelling: A Five-Role Lifecycle Framework

Abstract Finite Element (FE) simulation of impact damage in fibre-reinforced composite laminates is constrained by high computational cost, many difficult-to-calibrate material parameters and the absence of experimental evidence for different composite structures. Artificial Inte...

165 Astrocyte–Glioblastoma Metabolic Interactions at the Invasive Margin Reveal Therapeutic Vulnerabilities

Abstract Introduction Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumour that, despite multimodal treatment, almost always recurs. Infiltrative tumour cells within the brain microenvironment are thought to drive recurrence and are supported by surrounding non-cancerous brain cells. Among...

Distinct gut viral communities across life stages in dairy cattle

Abstract Background Ruminant gut microbial communities influence host health, productivity, and methane emissions, yet viral communities across life stages remain uncharacterized. Whilst bacteriophages shape microbial communities in many ecosystems, their role across dairy cattle...

The diagnosis and management of primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma: A British Society for Haematology guideline

Summary Primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a distinct clinicopathological entity within the spectrum of aggressive B‐cell lymphomas, characterised by unique clinical, immunophenotypic and molecular features. Since publication of the 2019 British Society for Haematolog...