The University of Melbourne

Surveys of Hintang standing stone sites and excavations at Site 7A, Houaphanh, Lao PDR

Archaeological research conducted by a Lao-Australian team at the Hintang (standing stone) sites in Houaphanh Province, Laos, has permitted the geolocation of standing stone groups and the recovery of excavated archaeological remains from one site, including earthenware ceramics,...

An N-terminal CDC42 T43I variant reveals the mechanism of pyrin inflammasome activation

Heterozygous carboxyl-terminal variants in the RHO guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) CDC42 are known to cause severe autoinflammatory syndromes. Here, we identified a heterozygous amino-terminal p.T43I (Thr 43 →Ile) CDC42 variant in patients with autoinflammation and uncovered a...

Historical Anti-Fascism and Right-Wing Voting in Italy

We study how anti-fascist opposition during Mussolini’s dictatorship affects post-war support for right-wing parties in Italy. We construct a measure of anti-fascism from the universe of recorded opponents, and use newly digitized historical data to resolve simultaneity between t...

An autoinflammatory CDC42 variant M45L demonstrates the mechanism of pyrin inflammasome activation

CDC42 is an evolutionarily conserved guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) regulating critical cellular and immune processes. Variants in CDC42 therefore cause a spectrum of developmental phenotypes, including hematological and immunological symptoms. Here, we identify a previously u...

Issues in the clinical assessment and management of people living with motor neurone disease (MND): a survey of Australian healthcare professionals

Objective: To inform the development of the Australian MND Guideline, this study aimed to identify challenges Australian healthcare professionals (HCPs) face in the clinical assessment and management of people living with MND (plwMND) including where practice varies from evidence...

Rethinking Muscle Wasting in Critical Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Myofiber Size and Protein Turnover

OBJECTIVES: To identify biological findings underlying skeletal muscle dysfunction in adults with critical illness and meta-analyze myofiber cross-sectional area and protein turnover variables. DATA SOURCES: Six databases were electronically searched from inception to January 202...

AI failures in the eyes of the downstream developer: a first look at concerns, practices, and challenges

Abstract With the advancement of AI models, more software systems are adopting AI as a component to facilitate automation. Pre-trained models (PTMs) have become a cornerstone of AI-based software, allowing for rapid integration and development with lower training cost. However, t...

International healthcare professionals’ competence in caring for LGBTQ+ children and young people: a combined qualitative and quantitative approach

Objective To evaluate healthcare professionals’ attitudes, knowledge and clinical preparedness in caring for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning; the + denoting inclusion of all identities (LGBTQ+) children and young people across international healthcare setti...

Assembly of Bioactive Superstructures via Metal–Phenolic Complexation for Blood Purification

ABSTRACT Hyperbilirubinemia, which stems from bilirubin accumulation caused by liver failure, can lead to jaundice, multi‐organ damage, and mortality. Hemoperfusion is the most effective detoxification approach, and its efficacy critically depends on the adsorbent system. However...

Modelling the effects of travel time use on mode choice and the value of travel time savings: tackling self-selection and endogeneity bias

Preferences for travel-based activities may lead individuals to choose travel modes that best accommodate activity needs. In theory, “passengerised” modes, such as public transport and automated vehicles (AVs), could become the preferred travel options, as they enable a wider ran...

Implementing evidence in residential aged care facilities: a longitudinal multi-method evaluation of knowledge broker evolution

Background Knowledge brokers act as intermediaries to bridge evidence-to-practice gaps. Limited evidence describes how the knowledge broker role in health settings evolves over time. This study aimed to (a) examine the evolution of knowledge broker activities over a 12-month impl...

From Testing to Treatment: A Mixed-Methods Study of Organisational Readiness for Intravenous Iron for Pregnant Women with Anaemia in Bangladesh

Abstract Anaemia affects over one-third of pregnant women in Bangladesh, leading to serious consequences including maternal death and stillbirth. Yet, only about half of pregnant women are tested for anaemia, and few receive intravenous iron – an effective treatment option. It re...

Performance Evaluation in Small Hierarchical Call Centres in a Transient Regime: A Case Study

Abstract This paper addresses a fundamental and practically significant problem in call centre operations, determining optimal call allocation policies and evaluating their performance so as to meet client service targets while minimising staffing costs. Motivated by a problem pr...

ANALYSIS OF THE CARRYING CAPACITY AND SETTLEMENT CAPACITY IN ASSESSING THE READINESS OF KARANGNUNGGAL DISTRICT AS A CANDIDATE FOR THE CAPITAL OF SOUTH TASIKMALAYA REGENCY.

<ns5:p>Background The formation of the New Autonomous Region Candidate of South Tasikmalaya Regency has designated Karangnunggal District as a potential location for the regency capital. As the center of government and local activities, Karangnunggal faces significant challenges...

Under Construction: Reproducing Colonial Landscape Perspectives in Natural Resource Management of Public Reserves

The values and land use preferences deemed legitimate in natural resource management are not neutral—they are circumscribed by inherited colonial structures that determine which landscape perspectives carry weight in public decision-making processes. This paper examines a land sw...

The Past, Present, and Future of Online Biodiversity Knowledge Systems

In recent decades, the availability and accessibility of biodiversity data and the profusion of portals, tools, and platforms through which to utilize them have increased rapidly. This reflects the extensive variety of challenges biodiversity data are being used to address and th...

Mapping pediatric cardiac troponin testing worldwide: results from the IFCC survey on emerging applications, standardization needs and access

OBJECTIVES: Limited guidance on the use and interpretation of cardiac troponin (cTn) testing in pediatric populations has restricted its broader adoption, despite the significant burden of congenital and acquired cardiac conditions in children. This survey aimed to evaluate globa...

Mauritius: assessing its international agency

Mauritius has developed international agency through various means. The island state occupies a strategically important location in the western Indian Ocean, with India as the leading power, but other powers such as China, the United States and France are also involved. Internati...

Morphogenesis of street networks in informal settlements: Building/plotting/extending/gridding

Abstract This paper articulates an urban design logic of informal settlement. While there are many different morphological outcomes of informal settlement processes, there are common patterns of expansion, intensification, and design of public space networks. Unlike formal urban...

Reduced Complexity Model Intercomparison Project phase 3: experimental protocol for coordinated constraining and evaluation of reduced-complexity models

Abstract. Reduced-Complexity Models (RCMs) are a critical tool for synthesising climate science knowledge and providing climate projections for a wide range of emissions scenarios. The Reduced-Complexity Model Intercomparison Project (RCMIP) provides a framework for the coordinat...