The Ohio State University

Tracking the baryon number with nuclear collisions

Baryon quantum number is found to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early Universe. Conventionally, each fractionally charged valence quark is understood to carry one-third of a baryon number. An alternative hypothesis posits that baryon number is instead carried by a baryon...

Development and validation of an amyloid PET dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) score

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be debilitating if left untreated, but its progression may be altered through early detection. Objective To develop and evaluate a convolutional neural network (CNN) for detecting AD from amyloid PET brain images and to investigate the regi...

Mucin promotes Psl production and surface exploration in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT In chronic, recalcitrant infections, Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms biofilm aggregates that are encapsulated in a protective extracellular matrix made of exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, and matrix proteins. Biofilm formation is a major cause of antibiotic clearance...

Statistical methods, outcome structures, and research designs in hybrid type II effectiveness-implementation studies: protocol for a scoping review

<ns5:p>Background Hybrid type II effectiveness-implementation studies evaluate health intervention and implementation strategy effectiveness simultaneously. While the emphasis on each “side” varies within hybrid type II studies, the focus of this review is those that attempt a mo...

Genomic catalogue of giant viruses reveals expanded diversity and functional potential

Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA and Mirusviricota viruses exhibit taxonomic richness which continually expands due to metagenomic sequencing. Here we curate a database of giant virus metagenome-assembled genomes (GVMAGs V2), comprising 8,508 species-level representatives from 18,727...

Do information and communication technologies empower female workers? Evidence from Vietnam

We examine the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) adoption on female employment outcomes in Vietnam, using data at both the firm and household levels. Our identification strategy leverages geographic variation in the engineering costs of connecting to Vietna...

Body size and temperature interact with time of day to shape the activity pattern of an ectothermic predator

Abstract Changes in animal behaviour are often the first response to environmental change, reflecting a shift in the balance of energetic opportunities and constraints. However, few studies have considered how the ecological consequences of global change shape behavioural pattern...

Estimating first episode psychosis (FEP) incidence rates using U.S. claims data: a need for standardization

This brief’s objective was to examine variation in first-episode psychosis (FEP) incidence rates by applying previously published study criteria to U.S. MarketScan claims data. Estimated FEP incidence rates ranged from 20 to 163 per 100,000 individuals, highlighting the need for...

Above Room Temperature Ferroelectricity in Epitaxially Strained KTaO 3

ABSTRACT Epitaxial strain is a powerful means to engineer emergent phenomena in thin films and heterostructures. Here, we demonstrate that , a cubic perovskite in bulk form, can be epitaxially strained into a highly tunable ferroelectric. films grown commensurate to (001) substra...

Postnatal maternal care normalizes the medial preoptic area DNA methylome following prenatal bisphenol exposure

Environmental exposures co-occurring during early life have a profound influence on neurodevelopment. Our previous work in rats suggests that postnatal maternal care modulates the effects of prenatal exposure to bisphenols, an estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemical, on offsprin...

A reference genome and transcriptome of haustorial development in Pedicularis groenlandica reveal diverse trajectories of haustoria-associated gene evolution in parasitic plants.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Novel traits frequently evolve by co-opting existing genetic pathways through either the direct repurposing of existing genes or neofunctionalization of duplicated genes. Parasitism represents a major innovation in plants, in which a novel organ, the haustori...

Clinical Impact of Digital Health Interventions with Educational Components for Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a major global health issue, with high morbidity, death, and frequent hospital readmissions. Digital health interventions with educational components may improve clinical outcomes in HF, but the variability observed across studies has not yet bee...

Religious leaders, diversity, and racial justice: limits and opportunities

Religious organizations and their leaders have historically played pivotal roles in racial justice movements in the United States. However, the contemporary American context differs significantly from earlier social conditions. This article examines the opportunities and challeng...

Community Paramedicine Grab Bar Installations Decreased Emergency Calls in Older Adults With Previous Fall History

ABSTRACT Background Home modifications are an evidence‐based fall prevention strategy, though critical barriers often limit their implementation by individuals at risk for falls. This study assessed the impact of community paramedicine‐installed grab bars on emergency medical ser...

Insights from Explainable AI-Assisted Microbial SourceTracking in an Urban Watershed

Abstract Microbial contamination in urban watersheds poses significant challenges for public health, yet traditional monitoring offers limited insight into identifying contamination sources or environmental drivers. This study integrates chip-based digital polymerase chain reacti...

Remote Desaturation of Unprotected Amines and C─H Amination of Alkanes by Polarity‐Matched N‐Radical Cations

ABSTRACT A CuCl‐catalyzed strategy enables practical, selective, and efficient δ desaturation of unprotected amines. These bifunctional molecules allow rapid conversion of simple amines to privileged heterocycles in medicine. The key radical relay mechanism is an interrupted Hofm...

A Systematic Reflection on the Challenges in Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Education and Careers in the United States

The relationship between education in acupuncture and Chinese medicine (ACM) and its professional practice can be conceptualized as an integrated “factory–product–market” industrial chain. Within the education sector, ACM schools face a significant predicament. Their core mission...

Variation in Young Children’s Preschool Language Environments: The Role of Classroom Social Networks

Reasearch findings: Young children’s verbal interactions with teachers and peers in preschool settings are a key mechanism for development. Evidence suggests individual differences in children’s access to verbal interactions with teachers and peers in the classroom, yet such evid...

HeartMate 3 in Pediatric and Complex Populations: Physiologic Rationale, Patient Selection, and Management Strategies

The HeartMate 3 (HM3) left ventricular assist device (LVAD), initially designed for adults, is increasingly utilized in children, small adults, and those with congenital heart disease (CHD), necessitating expanded knowledge and collaborative efforts. This review highlights key ph...

Amphiphilic Lipid–PolymerTriblock Architecturesas Nanocarriers for Therapeutic Delivery

Abstract This study investigates the formation and characterization of nanocarriers derived from the self-assembly of amphiphilic lipid-polymer hybrids (LPHs) engineered with a symmetric ABA block copolymer architecture. In this design, the terminal A-blocks comprise branched hyd...