Technical University of Munich

3D Hydrodynamic Flow Lithography

ABSTRACT Continuous‐ and stop‐flow lithography are widely used to fabricate multi‐dimensional microstructures whose cross‐sectional morphology is dictated by the flow profile of multiple co‐flowing streams. Here, we introduce three‐dimensional hydrodynamic flow lithography (3D HF...

Observing teaching principles in school - Development and Validation of an Observation Protocol (OPTIS)

Instructional quality seems to have a considerable impact on students’ achievements. Unpacking instructional quality through observation is an increasingly used method in educational research. Although a great variety of observational measurements for school observation are avail...

Brassinosteroid-regulated transcription factors confer epigenetic changes that repress plant immunity

Abstract When organisms encounter pathogens, they rapidly activate complex defense programs to ensure survival. While these immune responses are vital, they often also incur trade-offs, such as reduced growth and development and must therefore be tightly controlled 1,2 . In this...

The Symbiocene as a transformative vision

Abstract We live in times of crises and calls for a transformative social‐ecological change are voiced increasingly often. The question is, however, how such a transformation could be achieved. The prevailing view is that we are living in an era in which human activities signific...

Can parent–child interactions help reduce socioeconomic differences in language development? Results of a German birth cohort study

Abstract Aim Children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families often have lower developmental outcomes than their socioeconomically more advantaged peers. In early childhood, language development (LD) in particular is a key competence for further socialization. There is a ne...

The quest for the optimal level of sense of agency in the case of human-operated, AI-enabled robotics

Sense of agency is the subjective feeling of being in control over one’s own actions and their sensory outcomes. Here, we propose that a key feature of sense of agency is its link to intrinsic motivation, which is a key driver for engagement with the environment without external...

Selective filtering of multi-photon events from a single-photon emitter

Abstract Single-photon purity is one of the most important key metrics of many quantum states of light. For applications in photonic quantum technologies, e.g. quantum communication and linear optical quantum computing, a minimization of the multi-photon error rate is required be...

Histological aging signatures for monitoring tissue-specific aging and disease

Aging is the primary risk factor for chronic disease and is characterized by profound structural and architectural remodeling of human tissues. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of these changes using 25,712 whole-slide histopathological images from 40 tissue types acro...

Efficient Auxiliary-FieldQuantum Monte Carlo UsingIsometric Tensor Hypercontraction

Abstract Auxiliary Field Quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) has emerged as a powerful framework for treating strongly correlated electronic systems, offering a favorable balance between computational cost and accuracy. In this paper, we present a novel AFQMC method that uses the isometr...

A variationally consistent beam-to-beam point coupling formulation for geometrically exact beam theories

Abstract Slender beam-like structures frequently occur in engineering applications and often interact at discrete locations through joints or connectors. Accurate modeling of such interactions is particularly challenging when different numerical formulations are involved in terms...

CMR-based aortic stiffness parameters in a symptomatic high risk obstructive sleep apnea cohort: results from the population-based Hamburg City Health Study

Abstract Background Aortic stiffness (AS) parameters as pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic distensibility of the ascending and descending aorta (AD AoAsc, AD AoDesc) and pulse pressure (PP) are marker for vascular ageing, whereas data concerning obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in po...

GeoHash3D: Robust and Efficient 6-DoF Pose Estimation from 3D Marker Sets

Accurately measuring the six degrees of freedom (6-DoF) pose of a sample is a critical prerequisite for applications in robotic sample handling, optical metrology, and industrial quality control. Our pose estimation problem requires matching a small, partial observation of 4–20 d...

Flavin Hydroperoxideand Semiquinone: Structures andBiomimetic Activity

Abstract Flavins are unique natural redox cofactors that can switch between an oxidized, a radical half-reduced, and a fully reduced state. In nature, the interplay between these redox states is orchestrated by the surrounding flavoenzymes and unlocks a myriad of unique chemical...

Ipsilateral inhibitory rTMS restores interhemispheric motor cortex balance and reduces phantom limb pain: an exploratory longitudinal nTMS mapping study

Abstract Background Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a debilitating condition associated with maladaptive neuroplastic changes following limb amputation. The prevailing neuromodulatory approach targets the deafferented contralateral motor cortex, yet interhemispheric imbalance is incre...

Measuring Ocean Surface Waves

Abstract Propagating waves on the ocean surface can be represented as a stochastic process whose statistics are characterized by a spectrum. This paper reviews methods for measuring the wave spectrum and related quantities. Observations begin by sensing fluid dynamical properties...

An airborne in-situ dataset of cloud microphysical properties in supercooled large droplet icing conditions

Abstract. Detailed and comprehensive data sets on microphysical cloud properties in icing conditions are rare. In April 2023, fifteen research flights were performed with the SAFIRE ATR 42 research aircraft during the SENS4ICE-EU airborne measurement campaign over France and adja...

Operando Monitoring of InterfacialChemistries and Potentials on Ni-Rich NCM811 Using Ambient PressureX-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Abstract Ni-rich layered transition metal (TM) oxides, such as Li1+x[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]1–xO2 (NCM811), are widely used as state-of-the-art cathode active materials (CAMs) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). At high Ni-contents, however, these materials suffer from surface instability,...

Disentangling surface and bulk properties of Ta3N5 photoanodes

Abstract Understanding how material and defect characteristics govern photoelectrochemical performance is essential for developing efficient and stable photoelectrodes. Although bulk properties are often emphasized, surfaces and interfaces can equally determine activity and stabi...

Efficacy and safety of concomitant left atrial appendage closure and pulmonary vein isolation compared to left atrial appendage closure only – A meta-analysis

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, primarily originating from the left atrial appendage (LAA). Percutaneous LAA closure (LAAC) reduces appendage-borne thromboembolism, while pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) restores sinus rh...

In vitro metabolic signaling in two intestinal bacterial isolates: glutamate-driven transcriptional and functional reprogramming in Clostridium butyricum and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

ABSTRACT Monosodium glutamate (MSG; L-glutamate monosodium salt) is among the most widely used flavor enhancers, yet its molecular effects on gut microbial physiology remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the strain-specific transcriptomic and metabolic responses of Clostri...