Technical University of Munich

Measuring Ocean Surface Waves

Abstract Propagating waves on the ocean surface can be represented as a stochastic process whose statistics are characterized by a spectrum. This paper reviews methods for measuring the wave spectrum and related quantities. Observations begin by sensing fluid dynamical properties...

Ipsilateral inhibitory rTMS restores interhemispheric motor cortex balance and reduces phantom limb pain: an exploratory longitudinal nTMS mapping study

Abstract Background Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a debilitating condition associated with maladaptive neuroplastic changes following limb amputation. The prevailing neuromodulatory approach targets the deafferented contralateral motor cortex, yet interhemispheric imbalance is incre...

CMR-based aortic stiffness parameters in a symptomatic high risk obstructive sleep apnea cohort: results from the population-based Hamburg City Health Study

Abstract Background Aortic stiffness (AS) parameters as pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic distensibility of the ascending and descending aorta (AD AoAsc, AD AoDesc) and pulse pressure (PP) are marker for vascular ageing, whereas data concerning obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in po...

A variationally consistent beam-to-beam point coupling formulation for geometrically exact beam theories

Abstract Slender beam-like structures frequently occur in engineering applications and often interact at discrete locations through joints or connectors. Accurate modeling of such interactions is particularly challenging when different numerical formulations are involved in terms...

Operando Monitoring of InterfacialChemistries and Potentials on Ni-Rich NCM811 Using Ambient PressureX-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Abstract Ni-rich layered transition metal (TM) oxides, such as Li1+x[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]1–xO2 (NCM811), are widely used as state-of-the-art cathode active materials (CAMs) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). At high Ni-contents, however, these materials suffer from surface instability,...

Efficacy and safety of concomitant left atrial appendage closure and pulmonary vein isolation compared to left atrial appendage closure only – A meta-analysis

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, primarily originating from the left atrial appendage (LAA). Percutaneous LAA closure (LAAC) reduces appendage-borne thromboembolism, while pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) restores sinus rh...

Disentangling surface and bulk properties of Ta3N5 photoanodes

Abstract Understanding how material and defect characteristics govern photoelectrochemical performance is essential for developing efficient and stable photoelectrodes. Although bulk properties are often emphasized, surfaces and interfaces can equally determine activity and stabi...

Multimodal graph-based classification of esophageal motility disorders

PURPOSE: Diagnosing esophageal motility disorders, including dysphagia, pose significant challenges due to the complexity of high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) data and variability in clinical interpretation. Thiswork explores the feasibility of a multimodal machine learn...

In vitro metabolic signaling in two intestinal bacterial isolates: glutamate-driven transcriptional and functional reprogramming in Clostridium butyricum and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

ABSTRACT Monosodium glutamate (MSG; L-glutamate monosodium salt) is among the most widely used flavor enhancers, yet its molecular effects on gut microbial physiology remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the strain-specific transcriptomic and metabolic responses of Clostri...

Stigma, discrimination-related events, and determinants among adult people living with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Systematic review and indicator-level meta-analysis

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with 0.4 million new cases diagnosed annually. With its wide variety of visible and invisible manifestations, people living with SLE report being exposed to stigmatization, which impacts their personal a...

Combination of antibody-based screening methods for the identification and quantification of Legionella pneumophila in process water

Legionnaires’ disease is a severe and often fatal pneumonia primarily caused by the inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the waterborne pathogen Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. While conventional culture-based detection is often standard for monitoring evaporative cooling...

What constitutes successful collaborative conjecturing-and-proving processes? Relations between beginning undergraduates’ resources, conjecturing-and-proving processes, and performance

Abstract Students’ difficulties with mathematical argumentation, conjecturing, and proving, as well as with collaborating effectively, have long been documented in the literature. While there is some research on what constitutes successful proving processes, systematic investigat...

Larval ExposureRather than Adult Worm Burden ShapesSystemic and Mucosal Th2 Immunity in Ascaris suum Infected Pigs

Abstract Ascariasis is a prevalent parasitic infection in both humans and pigs, resulting in significant human morbidity and economic losses in the porcine industry. Experimental infections are often studied by mimicking natural settings, exposing the host to frequent, small dose...

How ice apron loss and permafrost degradation promoted the Platteikogel rock slope failure: a thermo-mechanical reconstruction

Abstract. The Alpine cryosphere changes at unprecedented speed, affecting the thermal, hydrological, and mechanical state and behaviour of rock slopes. While numerous studies investigated singular drivers for progressive rock slope failures, the knowledge of hydro-thermo-mechanic...

Accelerating biomass loss from forest disturbances across Europe

Abstract Forest disturbances are rising globally due to climate change and land-use pressures, weakening the terrestrial carbon sink. However, declines in aboveground biomass from tree cover loss remain poorly quantified, limiting our understanding of the role of disturbances in...

Identifying the scale of effect of habitat for diversity and biomass of multiple arthropod taxa

Abstract Context Understanding how landscape composition influences biodiversity is a central objective of landscape ecology. Because species respond to environmental conditions across different spatial scales, landscape effects are inherently scale-dependent, making the identifi...

Genotype-dependent growth promotion by Kribbella and Nocardioides in maize under low-phosphorus conditions

Abstract Background and Aims Phosphorus (P) deficiency limits crop productivity. Root hairs are crucial for P acquisition and may influence plant–microbe interactions. We investigated how root-hair defects affect plant responsiveness to beneficial bacteria under low-P conditions,...

Medical information and decision-making in palliative cancer: a qualitative study of patients’ perceptions, needs, and preferences regarding physician communication

BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced cancer are frequently confronted with complex treatment decisions in the context of high emotional burden and potential limited prognostic benefit. Physician communication and the provision of medical information are therefore central to informe...

Drone-measured canopy spectra can be a complementary predictor of belowground arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi variations in urban community gardens

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form essential symbioses with plant roots, improving nutrient uptake, plant health, and soil function. However, assessing AMF abundance in urban ecosystems remains challenging. Drone-based multispectral imaging can estimate canopy functional tra...

Standard-oriented exam task characteristics and their relations to multidimensional student outcomes in mathematics

Abstract In line with multidimensional educational goals, mathematics teaching targets both standards-based competencies and motivational-affective outcomes (enjoyment and interest in mathematics, instrumental motivation). We examined exam tasks as learning and assessment opportu...