Technical University of Munich

Operando Monitoring of InterfacialChemistries and Potentials on Ni-Rich NCM811 Using Ambient PressureX-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Abstract Ni-rich layered transition metal (TM) oxides, such as Li1+x[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]1–xO2 (NCM811), are widely used as state-of-the-art cathode active materials (CAMs) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). At high Ni-contents, however, these materials suffer from surface instability,...

In vitro metabolic signaling in two intestinal bacterial isolates: glutamate-driven transcriptional and functional reprogramming in Clostridium butyricum and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

ABSTRACT Monosodium glutamate (MSG; L-glutamate monosodium salt) is among the most widely used flavor enhancers, yet its molecular effects on gut microbial physiology remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the strain-specific transcriptomic and metabolic responses of Clostri...

Multimodal graph-based classification of esophageal motility disorders

PURPOSE: Diagnosing esophageal motility disorders, including dysphagia, pose significant challenges due to the complexity of high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) data and variability in clinical interpretation. Thiswork explores the feasibility of a multimodal machine learn...

Stigma, discrimination-related events, and determinants among adult people living with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Systematic review and indicator-level meta-analysis

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with 0.4 million new cases diagnosed annually. With its wide variety of visible and invisible manifestations, people living with SLE report being exposed to stigmatization, which impacts their personal a...

Combination of antibody-based screening methods for the identification and quantification of Legionella pneumophila in process water

Legionnaires’ disease is a severe and often fatal pneumonia primarily caused by the inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the waterborne pathogen Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. While conventional culture-based detection is often standard for monitoring evaporative cooling...

What constitutes successful collaborative conjecturing-and-proving processes? Relations between beginning undergraduates’ resources, conjecturing-and-proving processes, and performance

Abstract Students’ difficulties with mathematical argumentation, conjecturing, and proving, as well as with collaborating effectively, have long been documented in the literature. While there is some research on what constitutes successful proving processes, systematic investigat...

Larval ExposureRather than Adult Worm Burden ShapesSystemic and Mucosal Th2 Immunity in Ascaris suum Infected Pigs

Abstract Ascariasis is a prevalent parasitic infection in both humans and pigs, resulting in significant human morbidity and economic losses in the porcine industry. Experimental infections are often studied by mimicking natural settings, exposing the host to frequent, small dose...

Identifying the scale of effect of habitat for diversity and biomass of multiple arthropod taxa

Abstract Context Understanding how landscape composition influences biodiversity is a central objective of landscape ecology. Because species respond to environmental conditions across different spatial scales, landscape effects are inherently scale-dependent, making the identifi...

How ice apron loss and permafrost degradation promoted the Platteikogel rock slope failure: a thermo-mechanical reconstruction

Abstract. The Alpine cryosphere changes at unprecedented speed, affecting the thermal, hydrological, and mechanical state and behaviour of rock slopes. While numerous studies investigated singular drivers for progressive rock slope failures, the knowledge of hydro-thermo-mechanic...

Accelerating biomass loss from forest disturbances across Europe

Abstract Forest disturbances are rising globally due to climate change and land-use pressures, weakening the terrestrial carbon sink. However, declines in aboveground biomass from tree cover loss remain poorly quantified, limiting our understanding of the role of disturbances in...

Genotype-dependent growth promotion by Kribbella and Nocardioides in maize under low-phosphorus conditions

Abstract Background and Aims Phosphorus (P) deficiency limits crop productivity. Root hairs are crucial for P acquisition and may influence plant–microbe interactions. We investigated how root-hair defects affect plant responsiveness to beneficial bacteria under low-P conditions,...

Medical information and decision-making in palliative cancer: a qualitative study of patients’ perceptions, needs, and preferences regarding physician communication

BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced cancer are frequently confronted with complex treatment decisions in the context of high emotional burden and potential limited prognostic benefit. Physician communication and the provision of medical information are therefore central to informe...

Tailored Heat-Treatment Strategies for W360 Tool Steel Produced by Directed Energy Deposition

Laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) was used to manufacture samples of the newly developed W360 hot-work tool steel from voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl. Various heat-treatment processes, including austenitising followed by air or water-quenching and tempering, as well as direc...

Standard-oriented exam task characteristics and their relations to multidimensional student outcomes in mathematics

Abstract In line with multidimensional educational goals, mathematics teaching targets both standards-based competencies and motivational-affective outcomes (enjoyment and interest in mathematics, instrumental motivation). We examined exam tasks as learning and assessment opportu...

Crude protein prediction in grain-based powder systems using VIS–NIR hyperspectral imaging and feedforward neural networks

Abstract Crude protein content is a key quality parameter in cereal processing, yet conventional reference methods such as Dumas combustion are destructive and require sample preparation. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) extends conventional point spectroscopy by coupling broadband sp...

Drone-measured canopy spectra can be a complementary predictor of belowground arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi variations in urban community gardens

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form essential symbioses with plant roots, improving nutrient uptake, plant health, and soil function. However, assessing AMF abundance in urban ecosystems remains challenging. Drone-based multispectral imaging can estimate canopy functional tra...

Cost Savings of Smart Unidirectional and Bidirectional EVs Under Imperfect Foresight of Electricity Prices

Smart unidirectional and bidirectional charging of electric vehicles (EVs) has raised great attention in recent years, enabling access to enormous flexibility potential for the energy system. One use case often discussed is the utilization of this flexibility for arbitrage tradin...

Deterministic, rule-following trajectory generation system for waypoint flight

Abstract Advanced Air Mobility operations require flight guidance systems that exhibit predictable, deterministic behavior and remain compatible with established navigation standards. Many existing online trajectory generation methods rely on numerical optimization, or time-param...

Secure Set-based State Estimation for Safety-Critical Applications under Adversarial Attacks on Sensors

Set-based state estimation provides guaranteed state inclusion certificates that are crucial for the safety verification of dynamical systems. However, when system sensors are subject to cyberattacks, maintaining both safety and security guarantees becomes a fundamental challenge...

Plant species richness is key for restoring grassland butterfly assemblages

Abstract Palaearctic grasslands are heavily threatened by land‐use changes that lead to degradation and habitat loss. Thus, successful grassland restoration for vegetation and wildlife is urgently needed. Butterflies, as sensitive indicators, could provide a holistic view of rest...