Pennsylvania State University

Interrupted Time Series Analysis of the Efficacy of Bilingual Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training

Purpose: In response to the need for more appropriate anomia treatment materials for bilingual persons with aphasia (BPWAs), we have created linguistically and culturally appropriate versions of AbSANT (Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training) for several languages that we...

Exploring transcriptomic and genomic latent variable correction approaches in differential expression analysis

Abstract Background Differential expression analysis is a central tool for studying the biological processes altered in human diseases via transcriptomic signatures. However, transcriptomic datasets are systematically confounded by latent variables from two distinct sources: unme...

Parallel Evolution of Bacteroidota as Long-Term Endosymbionts of Insects

Symbiotic relationships significantly transform both symbiont and host biology. The most visible changes include a massive reduction of the endosymbiont genome and the development of specialized host organs, cells, and compartments for symbiont housing. However, insect symbiosis...

TIP-INN: A thermodynamics-informed machine learning framework for the mechanical behavior of rocks

Abstract Modeling the mechanical deformation of geological materials across relevant thermodynamic conditions and dynamic processes remains a fundamental challenge in Earth sciences. Conventional rheological models rely on isolated disciplinary approaches and hard-coded iterative...

Millimeter-Scale, Atomically Controlled 2D Topological Insulators Revealed by Multimodal Spectroscopy

Abstract Quantum spin Hall insulators, also known as 2D topological insulators, are crucial 2D systems hosting topologically protected edge states. The working temperature of this topological quantum phase is dictated by the inverted bandgap. However, the previously identified la...

Hypoxia and right ventricular dysfunction in patients with acute pulmonary embolism

In patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), hypoxia may increase pulmonary vascular resistance and worsen right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), which is a key prognostic factor. However, associations between hypoxia, RVD and clinical outcomes have not been well described. To d...

Spec2VEC : Interpretable Spectral Representations of Planetary Signals in Vector Spaces

Summary The application of machine learning to planetary geophysics is frequently bottlenecked by a scarcity of labeled data and the complexity of non-stationary seismo-acoustic signals. While deep learning offers powerful feature extraction, it requires massive datasets that are...

The circulating lipidome in severe obesity

Severe obesity (SevO; BMI ≥ 40 kg/m 2 ) is rising globally yet remains understudied mechanistically. To characterize lipidomic alterations at the species level, we analyzed Border Health Research Cohort participants with fasting plasma lipidomics and genetic data, comparing SevO...

Cannabis use and perceptions among rural and urban cancer patients and survivors from a Pennsylvania cancer center

PURPOSE: Cannabis use has become more common among cancer patients for symptom management. Given the underrepresentation of rural patients in prior research, our study explored cannabis use and perceptions among cancer patients, with a focus on comparing rural and urban/suburban...

Interfacial Strain and Inversion Domains in Coherent AlBScN/GaN Epitaxial Interfaces

Abstract Nitride ferroelectrics are among the emerging materials with promising potential for a wide range of electronic, optoelectronic, and memory applications because of their high remanent polarization, low growth temperature, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS...

The AI entrepreneurial actor: Towards a theoretical framework for artificial intelligence as entrepreneurial actor

Classical theory assumes upon a human entrepreneur who bears uncertainty, exercises alertness and recognises opportunity. We examine what becomes of that assumption when artificial intelligence (AI) performs these issues. Defining AI as agentic systems built on large foundation m...

1T‐to‐2H Phase Evolution During Epitaxial Growth of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

ABSTRACT Polymorphism in transition‐metal dichalcogenides is typically defined based on the post‐growth phase (1T or 2H) or stabilized heterophase structures. Transient 1T‐to‐2H phase evolution is demonstrated during epitaxial growth of MoS 2 and WSe 2 on sapphire by metalorganic...

Natural genetic variation in rhizobia and alfalfa influence nodule shape and symbiotic performance

Abstract In many host-microbe symbioses, hosts develop specialized organs that house microbial symbionts. In legume-rhizobium symbiosis, these organs are called root nodules. While many studies have focused on host traits like plant growth, nodule number, and their structural cha...

Dual Fluorophore System for Direct Measurement of Acidity of Aerosol Particles

Abstract Atmospheric aerosol particles exhibit diverse physical and chemical properties, depending on their composition and source, which are challenging to measure directly due to their chemical complexity. Aerosol acidity is a key chemical property that has significant implicat...

Adsorption of Polyolefins from Alkanes on Alumina and Silica

Abstract Heterogeneous catalytic deconstruction of polyolefins offers a promising route to upcycle plastic waste into higher-value products, yet the fundamental insights needed to control product distributions remain limited. As the reactions proceed, deconstruction generates a d...

Aphrodisiac Use and Male Sexual Health in Ghana: Prevalence, Attitudes, and Sociocultural Determinants

Abstract Introduction Aphrodisiac use is an important but understudied sexual health behavior shaped by sexual performance expectations, peer influence, and access to enhancement products. Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa remains limited. This study examined the prevalence, attit...

Expanding maps on flowers, interval exchange transformations, and ergodic optimization

In this paper, we discuss expanding maps on a class of invariant sets called flowers. We show that any set contained in a flower has at most linear complexity, and we present a relationship between flowers and a special class of interval exchange transformations. This extends wor...

Biomechanical strain patterns in Meckel's cartilage underlie mandibular variation in FGFR2 mouse models

Abstract Sequence variations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) are associated with craniosynostosis syndromes, disrupting craniofacial development, yet early mandibular alterations remain poorly characterized. This study examined Meckel's cartilage (MC) and mandibula...

Peripheral Modernisms – Editor's Roundtable

Alys Moody and Stephen J. Ross are the editors of one of the most recent collection of modernist writings: Global Modernists on Modernism: An Anthology (Bloomsbury Academic, 2020). This collection features translations of works associated with modernism in Latin America, the Cari...

How Criminal History Informs—and Misinforms—Decision-Making in the Criminal Legal System

Criminal history is among the most influential factors shaping decisions in the modern criminal legal system. Prior record affects outcomes at every stage, from charging through parole. Although long considered relevant to punishment, contemporary policies and practices dispropor...