Nanjing University

Rapid inverse design of large-scale freeform meta-optics with the neighborhood-attention transformer

Abstract Metasurfaces are progressively reshaping traditional optical paradigms and pushing the boundaries in complex applications where compact designs are essential. However, the design of metasurfaces demands substantial computational resources to numerically solve Maxwell's e...

A polyphyodont, semiaquatic eutriconodontan mammal from the Early Cretaceous of China

Diphyodonty (the presence of two generations of teeth) characterizes extant mammals and has long been regarded as pivotal to the evolution of other mammalian traits, including precise occlusion and determinate growth. Nevertheless, our understanding of the pattern of dental repla...

Functional myocardial ischemia assessment based on HF-ECG microstructural features

Early detection and stratification of functional myocardial ischemia are critical for timely intervention but remain constrained by the limited sensitivity of conventional electrocardiography (ECG) and the cost and accessibility of imaging-based diagnostics. We present a non-inva...

Architected Spatially Deterministic Multiscale Phase Segregation in Block Copolymer Composites for Augmented Radiative Cooling

ABSTRACT Passive radiative cooling, which reflects solar irradiation while emitting heat through the atmospheric window, provides a sustainable solution for zero‐energy thermal management. Simultaneously achieving high solar reflectivity and infrared emissivity remains challengin...

Plasma multi-omics signatures of the EAT-Lancet diet and associations with health outcomes

The EAT-Lancet diet aims to optimize human health and environmental sustainability, but the biological changes associated with this dietary pattern remain incompletely characterized. We aimed to identify plasma proteomic and metabolomic signatures associated with adherence to the...

Mechanism-Driven Risk Assessment of 1,3,6-Tribromocarbazole: An Integrated Strategy Implicates ESR1-Associated Cardiovascular Toxicity

Abstract Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are globally distributed emerging persistent organic pollutants, yet their cardiovascular hazards remain largely uncharacterized. We therefore built an adverse outcome pathway (AOP)-guided prediction-to-validation strategy─coupling envi...

Large language model–assisted scoring of physician-administered parent interviews for autism screening in young children: a retrospective diagnostic case-control and agreement study

Large language models (LLMs) may assist clinicians in scoring narrative parent-report interviews, but diagnostic discrimination, score agreement, output repeatability, and clinical utility are distinct claims. We evaluated an LLM-assisted workflow for scoring a physician-administ...

Heat transfer behavior and casting solidification characteristics in multi-material functionally structured sand molds

The heat-transfer behavior of the casting–mold system directly affects the cooling rate, solidification evolution, and microstructure formation of castings. For complex castings with variations in wall thickness and local hot spots, different regions require different heat-dissip...

Water-Enabled Conversion of NO and CO to NH3 over CuO x Clusters via Hydrolysis of Surface –NCO Intermediates

Abstract The catalytic conversion of gaseous NO to NH3 offers a promising dual-benefit strategy for environmental remediation and sustainable chemical synthesis. Herein, CuO/Al2O3 catalysts with varied CuO loadings (x wt %, xCu/Al) were developed for the possible NH3 production f...

User engagement behaviours with identity-disclosed social bots on social media: the role of perceived human–machine differences

Purpose This study examines how users interpret identity-disclosed social bots on social media, how perceived human–machine differences shape psychological response orientations and how these orientations are enacted through visible engagement behaviours. Design/methodology/appro...

Colloidal Nanocrystals Regrowth‐Assisted Synthesis of Perovskite Microwire Lasers For Integrated Optoelectronics

ABSTRACT Colloidal perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are a well‐proven platform for growing anisotropic structures. Nanowires (NWs) exhibiting a quantum confinement phenomenon and microwires (MWs), which enable lasing, are of particular interest for optoelectronic devices. Synthesis...

Negative Interfacial Tension Driven by Intrinsic Molecular Disorder

Abstract Intrinsically disordered molecular systems, such as random copolymers and intrinsically disordered proteins, exhibit scale-invariant, power-law cluster distributions that cannot be explained by conventional mean-field theories. A fundamental challenge is to understand ho...

Accentedness and Comprehensibility in Second Language Cantonese: An Investigation of Mandarin Learners’ Read Speech

Research on accentedness and comprehensibility has largely focused on nontonal target languages, leaving it unclear whether established predictors of these two constructs apply to tonal languages with complex tone systems, such as Cantonese. We investigated 40 Mandarin-speaking l...

Geoelectrical reconstruction of microbially induced calcium carbonate bridging in rock fractures for micromechanical assessment

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) has gained prominence as a nature-based approach for enhancing geological materials and healing rock fractures. However, the precipitation mode and spatiotemporal evolution of calcium carbonate within optically inaccessib...

Gene-brain-behavior links revealing generative neurophysiological subtypes of suicide-related dysconnectivity in bipolar depression

Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in bipolar depression are heterogeneous, but biologically coherent subtypes remain poorly defined. We aimed to identify neurophysiological subtypes of suicide-related dysconnectivity in bipolar depression and examine their gene-brain-behavio...

Auditory attention decoding from Ear-EEG signals: A dataset with dynamic attention switching and rigorous cross-validation

Recent promising results in auditory attention decoding (AAD) using scalp electroencephalography (EEG) have motivated the exploration of cEEGrid, a flexible and portable ear-EEG system. While prior cEEGrid-based studies have confirmed the feasibility of AAD, they often neglect th...

Understanding Hepatitis B–Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Nurses of a Selected Tertiary Hospital in Northwestern Bangladesh

ABSTRACT Background and Aims Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global health concern, with nurses being particularly vulnerable to occupational exposure. In Bangladesh, however, there is limited understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of nurses co...

Machine Learning-Assisted Discrimination of Isobaric Histone Acetylations by Nanopore

Abstract Histone acetylation, a post-translational modification, is associated with cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis, serving as a promising biomarker. The accurate discrimination of acetylation sites has strong potential for cancer diagnostics. Herein, we engineered...

Harnessing the Microbial Iron Redox Chain: Liquid Organic Acid Fertilizer and EDTA-Fe Drive Unexpected Cadmium Passivation in Alkaline Upland Soils

Abstract The immobilization of cadmium (Cd) in weakly alkaline upland soils, a major agricultural system in northern China, remains a challenge. This study examined whether liquid organic acid (OA) fertilizer and EDTA-Fe could stimulate Fe redox to stabilize Cd. OA fertilizer (ac...

Enhanced early warning of extreme river discharge events in the Yangtze River Basin using atmospheric circulation signals

Early warning of extreme river discharge events (ERDEs) is crucial for water resources management and disaster reduction in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), yet substantial uncertainty remains in their prediction. This study proposes a novel strategy to enhance ERDE early warning b...