Nanjing University

Characteristics and Ambient Conditions of Mesoscale Convective Systems Moving Offshore in the Yangtze‐Huai River Basin, East China

Abstract This work for the first time studies the characteristics and environment conditions of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) that move offshore (i.e., land to sea, LS) in the Yangtze‐Huai River Basin (YHRB), East China. In the warm season (April–September), LS MCSs account...

Radical Markovnikov Hydroboration of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes With HBaza‐Type Hydroborane via a Triple Catalysis

ABSTRACT Organoboron compounds are versatile building blocks for C─C and C–heteroatom bond formation, with broad applications in drug discovery and materials science. Hydroboration of alkenes with hydroboranes is a reliable route to access organoboron compoundsssssss, yet the Mar...

Unsaturated Carboxylates as Electrophilic Synthons for Transition‐Metal‐Catalyst‐Free Electroreductive Deoxygenative Coupling

ABSTRACT The use of ester‐derived electrophiles in transition‐metal‐free electroreductive C(sp 3 )─C(sp 3 ) bond formation remains largely unexplored. Herein, we report a sacrificial‐anode‐enabled electroreductive cross‐coupling of simple unsaturated carboxylates with unactivated...

Unsaturated Carboxylates as Electrophilic Synthons for Transition‐Metal‐Catalyst‐Free Electroreductive Deoxygenative Coupling

ABSTRACT The use of ester‐derived electrophiles in transition‐metal‐free electroreductive C(sp 3 )─C(sp 3 ) bond formation remains largely unexplored. Herein, we report a sacrificial‐anode‐enabled electroreductive cross‐coupling of simple unsaturated carboxylates with unactivated...

Gender differences in the association between metabolic syndrome components and 5-year risk of hyperuricemia: a retrospective cohort study

Hyperuricemia is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is closely linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to assess the impact of MetS and its components on the 5-year risk of developing hyperuricemia, specifically focusing on gender differences. T...

Manipulating Crystallization and Deprotonation Reaction through Surface Engineering of ZnO for Bright and Stable Near-Infrared Perovskite LEDs

Abstract Perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have attracted significant attention owing to their rapidly increasing external quantum efficiencies (EQEs). However, achieving bright and operationally stable perovskite LEDs remains a great challenge. Here, we reveal that the mos...

Atomistic-to-Macroscopic Mechanical Modeling of (HfNbTaZr)B2 High-Entropy Ceramics via a Developed Interatomic Potential

Atomistic investigations of high-entropy diborides (HEBs) are currently hindered by the lack of reliable interatomic potentials. Here, we develop an analytical bond-order potential (ABOP) for the Hf/Nb/Zr/Ta/B system, parameterized via an intelligent global optimization algorithm...

Composting rural kitchen waste for nutrient recovery and runoff pollution mitigation: a Bayesian modeling approach

In China’s ecologically sensitive Erhai Basin, open-dumped rural kitchen waste causes both nutrient loss and water quality degradation. Here we integrate household surveys, on-site composting experiments, and a Bayesian dual-pool wash-off model in a pilot case study of six villag...

Port-Agent: Structured Multimodal Reasoning for Port Disruption Analysis Using AIS, Satellite Imagery, and News

Textual accounts establish essential context for port disruptions but can bias large language model synthesis before independent observations are examined. We present Port Agent, a remote-sensing agent that aligns Automatic Identification System (AIS) trajectories, Sentinel-2 ves...

An anoxygenic photosynthesis-inspired dual biohybrid for light-enhanced chemical production

Integrating light-harvesting materials with non-photosynthetic microbes offers a promising route to convert sunlight into chemicals. However, many existing biohybrid systems lack a clear architectural basis linking external light capture to intracellular redox processes. Inspired...

Understanding and Improving Model Editing for Secure Code Generation

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used for code generation but may reproduce vulnerabilities learned from insecure training data. Prior work mainly relies on inference-time hardening, which introduces auxiliary components and runtime overhead. We present the first systemati...

The Unseen Delta: Characterizing the Compiler Optimization Landscape via Top-Down Differential Analysis

Compiler optimizations are essential for achieving high performance in modern software. However, recent studies highlight the persistence of performance bugs, i.e., subtle defects where the compiler generates functionally correct but computationally inefficient code, leading to s...

Guarding the Lifeline: A First Look and Automated Defect Diagnosis for ROS Central Index

The Robot Operating System (ROS) relies on a centralized dependency index, the rosdistro central index , to manage packages across its heterogeneous software ecosystem, which integrates independently evolving Operating System (OS) repositories for system libraries, ROS repositori...

Planning to Hammer: Difficulty-Aware Decomposition for Automating Rocq Proofs

As AI-generated code proliferates, formal verification—particularly through interactive theorem provers such as Rocq and Isabelle—becomes increasingly important for ensuring software correctness. However, producing machine-checked proofs in such provers remains a bottleneck. Exis...

HELO-APR: Enhancing Low-Resource Program Repair through Cross-Lingual Knowledge Transfer

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well on automatic program repair (APR) for high-resource programming languages (HRPLs), but their effectiveness drops sharply in low-resource programming languages (LRPLs) due to the lack of sufficient verified buggy–fixed pairs for APR traini...

Probing the Anomalous Symmetry Breaking in Kagome Material CsV3Sb5 via Third-Order Nonlinearity

Abstract The kagome material has rapidly established itself as a research frontier in condensed matter physics, owing to its distinctive geometric structure and the rich array of unconventional physical phenomena. In the kagome AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, and Cs) family, the charge-ordere...

AccLock: Unlocking Identity with Heartbeat Using In-Ear Accelerometers

The widespread use of earphones has enabled various sensing applications, including activity recognition, health monitoring, and context-aware computing. Among these, earphone-based user authentication has become a key technique by leveraging unique biometric features. However, e...

Field sampling guidelines for sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) research in lacustrine and coastal systems: from field collection to laboratory subsampling

Abstract Sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) has emerged as a powerful proxy for reconstructing past biodiversity and environmental change in lacustrine and coastal systems, yet standardized field guidance remains limited, particularly for researchers working in tropical and coasta...

Polysaccharide-Based Biomaterials in Oral Regenerative Medicine: Mechanisms, Engineering Strategies, and Translational Perspectives

Oral regenerative medicine seeks to repair or regenerate the pulp-dentin complex, periodontal tissues, jawbone, and oral mucosa. Nevertheless, this field confronts considerable challenges, including the intricate oral microenvironment, the body’s limited intrinsic regenerative ca...

Rapid inverse design of large-scale freeform meta-optics with the neighborhood-attention transformer

Abstract Metasurfaces are progressively reshaping traditional optical paradigms and pushing the boundaries in complex applications where compact designs are essential. However, the design of metasurfaces demands substantial computational resources to numerically solve Maxwell's e...