Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Selective Ultrafast Excitation and Dephasing of Gap Plasmons into Hot Carriers in Structural Color Generation

Abstract Plasmon-induced hot-carriers generated through Landau damping underpin applications in plasmonic optoelectronics, energy conversion, and photocatalysis. However, it remains unclear whether these carriers retain the spatial localization of their parent plasmon modes or ra...

Origin of Thermal Nonlinear Refraction in Alcohols Revealed by Spatial Self-Phase Modulation under Excitation at 1560 nm

Abstract We investigated the relationship between molecular structure and nonlinear thermal responses of alcohols with different numbers of carbon atoms in their main chains using spatial self-phase modulation experiments at 1560 nm. The studied materials included the following a...

Migratory dermal γδ T cells determine the balance between lung immunity and tissue damage during helminth infection

Many helminth parasites migrate through multiple host organs during infection, but how immune responses are relayed across these tissues is still poorly understood. To investigate the immune aspects of intertissue communication during infection, we established a percutaneous infe...

Lithium Makes the Difference─Evolution of Lithium Vacancy Disorder during Temperature-Induced Phase Transitions of the Li-Ion Conductor Li4SnS4

Abstract Sulfide-based lithium-ion solid electrolytes are promising candidates for solid-state batteries due to their high ionic conductivities, although they typically exhibit high moisture sensitivity. Li4SnS4 has recently attracted scientific interest because it exhibits highe...

Healthcare Utilization and Direct Medical Costs of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment — A German Claims Data Study of 2778 Patients

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a cancer with rising incidence and economic burden. However, evidence on healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and associated costs is scarce in Europe. This study aims to determine HCRU and costs of HCC from a German third-party payer's perspec...

Evidence-based atlas of risk and protective factors for psychotic disorders: an umbrella review to inform personalized prognosis and prevention.

Identifying updated, evidence-based risk and protective factors for psychotic disorders is essential to advancing scientific and clinical knowledge of their etiology. Since the most recent umbrella review published in this journal, the evidence base has expanded substantially. Fo...

Attributes, abstractions, and combinations: a new taxonomy for studying how parties invoke social groups

Research increasingly examines which social groups political actors refer to. Yet, existing approaches typically inherit classifications shaped by demand-side perspectives or conflate how groups are defined with how they are framed. We propose a novel, attribute-centered taxonomy...

The lived experience of trans persons: a bottom-up review co-written by experts by experience and academics.

We present here the first bottom-up review of the lived experience of trans persons, co-written by experts by experience and academics. We sourced the medical and non-medical literature, focusing on first-person narratives, and critically extracted experiential themes, which were...

xplainfi: Feature Importance and Statistical Inference for Machine Learning in R

We introduce xplainfi, an R package built on top of the mlr3 ecosystem for global, loss-based feature importance methods for machine learning models. Various feature importance methods exist in R, but significant gaps remain, particularly regarding conditional importance methods...

From Surface Buffering to Bulk Ion Exchange: Mapping the Acid Response of Potassium Poly(Heptazine Imide) (K-PHI)

Abstract Potassium poly(heptazine imide) (K-PHI) is a promising material for photocatalysis and energy storage, yet its application in aqueous media is limited by protonation. Cation exchange to protonated poly(heptazine imide) (H-PHI) causes structural and optoelectronic changes...

The global cost of schizophrenia: a health economic modelling study

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder that leads to substantial disability, impaired quality of life, and reduced life expectancy. In addition to its profound impact on affected individuals, the disorder places a considerable financial burden on heal...

Incidence and Predictors of Complications After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation According to VARC‐3 Criteria: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

BACKGROUND: Despite continuous advancements in devices and techniques, transcatheter aortic valve implantation remains associated with complications impacting outcomes. In 2021, the Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC) introduced the VARC-3 criteria to better classify proced...

Crystals in rhyolitic melts can nucleate multiple bubbles: an experimentally constrained model

Abstract Heterogeneous nucleation of bubbles on crystals in magma is thought to be an important driver of volcanic eruptions. Decompression experiments were carried out to elucidate the kinetics of H 2 O bubble nucleation on crystals of different sizes. Samples used were mixtures...

Can We Diagnose Early Melanoma With New Imaging Technologies?

Multimodal imaging enables risk-adapted early melanoma diagnosis by integrating dermoscopy, OCT, in vivo RCM, ex vivo RCM, and LC-OCT. These technologies provide complementary architectural, cellular, and perioperative information, supporting improved diagnostic precision while r...

Prevalence and factors associated with depression and/or anxiety among adults in Zambia using the 2024 Zambia demographic and health survey: a multilevel analysis

Depression and anxiety are leading causes of disability globally, yet national epidemiological evidence from Zambia remains scarce. This study estimated the prevalence of depression and/or anxiety among Zambian adults, identified individual and community-level factors associated...

Prediction-Based Adaptive Designs for Reducing Wave Nonresponse Rates and Bias in Panel Surveys

Machine learning (ML)-based nonresponse prediction in panel surveys enables selective interventions. However, the optimal use of ML predictions in Adaptive Survey Design (ASD) remains uncertain. We propose a method that integrates field experiment results on incentives, questionn...

How cultural norms affect attitudes toward immigration

We examine how cultural norms shape attitudes toward immigration. Using representative survey data on German university students from the 1990s, we exploit the stark cultural differences between former East and West Germany to study whether moving to a different cultural environm...

Dynamics of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone: insights from potential vorticity tendency diagnostics

The Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone (ASMA), the dominant circulation in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) during the boreal summer, undergoes pronounced spatio-temporal variability. While the climatological mean state of the ASMA is well documented, the mechani...

Two cases of an imatinib-sensitive PRKG2::PDGFRA-positive chronic myeloid neoplasm with basophilia

The clinical and morphological phenotype of myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with tyrosine kinase (TK) gene fusions (MLN-TK) is influenced by both the TK and the partner gene [ 1 ]. Here, we report on two patients with an initial diagnosis of a chronic myeloid neoplasm with prominent b...

A rapid shift in migration schedule of an Austral shorebird is linked to a changing southern climate oscillation

Global climate change is reshaping the schedules and routes of migratory birds, which can disrupt annual cycles, ecological interactions and the fitness trade‐offs of migrating or staying resident. In particular, climate change has led to advances in arrival at the breeding groun...