King Saud University

Seroprevalence of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Antibodies and Associated Factors in Small Ruminants Sampled Around Protected Wildlife Areas in Pakistan

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) threatens small-ruminant production in Pakistan, particularly where livestock grazing overlaps with wildlife habitats. In this exploratory cross-sectional study (January–June 2024), 1939 sera from goats (n = 1327) and sheep (n = 612) in 56 herds,...

Experimental and Analytical Evaluation of Strengthening Techniques for Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Circular Columns

This study presents an experimental investigation to evaluate the effectiveness of four schemes for strengthening circular reinforced concrete (RC) columns. The columns were cast using ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). Ten RC columns, categorized into five groups including...

Thermal-economic performance assessment of heat recovery-oriented design of integrated CCHP-H₂ system; multi-objective optimization with LCA and AdaBoost decision-making

Combined cooling, heating, power systems integrated with hydrogen production (CCHP–H₂) can simultaneously supply useful outputs while improving the utilization of fuel and recoverable thermal energy. The present project proposes a methane-fueled CCHP–H₂ configuration integrating...

Analytical study on titan yellow sensing using a poly (phenylalanine)-modified carbon nanotube electrochemical sensor

Abstract In the current work, a poly (phenylalanine) modified carbon composite paste electrode (PPCNTPE) allowed for the simple electrochemical measurement of Titan yellow (TY) utilizing differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). PPCNTPE was synthesized usi...

Depression and Anxiety Among Adolescents with Cancer: A Saudi Cross-Sectional Study

Background/Objectives: Adolescents undergoing treatment for cancer face both physical and psychological challenges, including depression and anxiety, yet local prevalence data remain limited in Saudi Arabia. The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of depressive and...

Development of an Efficient In Vitro Propagation Protocol for the Elite Bidah Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Landrace in Saudi Arabia

The Bidah pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an elite landrace native to Wadi Bidah in the Al-Baha region of Saudi Arabia. This cultivar is distinguished by its unique taste, high yield, genetic component, and phytochemical profile. In addition, its resilience to harsh environme...

Is active commuting to school associated with meeting physical activity recommendations among Saudi adolescents? A cross-sectional study

Rising rates of physical inactivity (PI) among adolescents represent urgent public health concern. Encouraging students to actively commute to school (walking or cycling rather than relying on motorized transport) is a scalable strategy to increase habitual physical activity (PA)...

Schizophrenia research in 2026: report from the annual meeting of the Schizophrenia International Research Society

Abstract SIRS 2026, held under the theme “Schizophrenia Research in the Era of Artificial Intelligence,” brought together researchers, clinicians, and persons with lived experience to take stock of a field whose tools for measuring, predicting, and intervening in psychosis have e...

Guideline Concordance and Documentation of Allopurinol Initiation Across Clinical Specialties: A Three-Year Retrospective Evaluation

Background/Objectives: To assess guideline concordance and indication documentation of new allopurinol prescriptions and whether these differed across clinical specialties. Methods: A retrospective study at a tertiary academic center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, included adults with...

Long-Term Treatment Retention of Levetiracetam Monotherapy in Adults with Epilepsy: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study Using Time-to-Treatment-Failure Analysis

Background: This study aimed to estimate treatment retention rates for levetiracetam monotherapy in patients with epilepsy and to characterize treatment failure in this population. Methods: A retrospective cohort study included 769 adult patients with epilepsy between 2015 and 20...

Meixner-Weighted Banded Markov Chains for Bonus–Malus Experience Rating Under Mixed-Poisson Risk Heterogeneity

Classical bonus–malus systems are often calibrated under a homogeneous Poisson claim-count model, although motor portfolios commonly exhibit unobserved heterogeneity and overdispersion. We develop a finite Meixner-weighted d-band Markov-chain framework for experience rating. Gamm...

Rare Earth Element Potential from Bauxite to Red Mud: Economic Insights from the Al Ba’itha Mine, Saudi Arabia

The Saudi Arabian mining sector is expanding rapidly. Among the strategic resources under investigation are bauxite ore and its industrial byproduct, red mud, both of which have potential as secondary sources of REEs. This study characterizes the mineralogical and geochemical pro...

Solving Three-Dimensional Conformable Partial Differential Equations Using the Quadruple Sumudu Transform Decomposition Method

In this work, we introduce the conformable quadruple Sumudu transform and employ it in conjunction with the Adomian decomposition method to solve three-dimensional linear and nonlinear conformable partial differential equations. We establish the existence of the proposed transfor...

Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Aptasensors for Nucleic‐Acid Detection: Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Nucleic‐acid biomarkers play pivotal roles in disease diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and precision medicine, creating an urgent demand for analytical platforms combining high sensitivity, molecular specificity, and rapid detection. Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) i...

ECO-EDGE: joint DAG offloading and fabric routing in Multi-AP MEC via conic optimization

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) enables low-latency services by migrating computational resources closer to end-users. However, as mobile workloads increasingly adopt complex Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) topologies, system performance is strongly affected by interdependent data shuff...

Nano-modified biochar mitigates toxicity from co-contamination with lead and microplastics in alfalfa by modulating photosynthesis, nitrogen assimilation, and antioxidant systems

Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals are released into the environment and pose serious challenges to crop productivity and human health. The role of biochar and calcium oxide nanoparticle (CaO-NPs) modified (NBC) in mitigating MPs and lead (Pb 2+ ) toxicity has not yet been expl...

Analytical and Numerical Analysis of Time-Delayed NDF Control for Nonlinear Rotating Pendulums with Stiffness Modulation Under Simultaneous Resonance Conditions

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamics and vibration suppression of a harmonically excited rotating pendulum are studied by a novel bidirectional coupled second-order auxiliary negative derivative feedback (NDF) controller. The governing equations are obtained by Lagrangian mechan...

Valorization of Industrial Mill Scales into Multiphase Iron Oxide Nanostructures for Alkaline Water Splitting and Photocatalytic Dye Degradation

Herein, value-added iron oxide nanostructures are successfully synthesized directly from industrial steel mill scale via a simple precursor-free planetary ball milling technique for sustainable hydrogen production and environmental remediation. Comprehensive XRD analysis confirms...

Progress in Anti-Obesity Drug Development: A Pharmacodynamics Perspective

Background/Objectives: Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial condition driven by complex neuroendocrine and metabolic pathways that limit the long-term success of lifestyle interventions. Pharmacotherapy has advanced from early monoaminergic agents to incretin-based and multi-rece...

Budget impact analysis of subcutaneous infliximab (CT-P13 SC) for treating autoimmune diseases in Jordan

Autoimmune diseases are increasingly prevalent, and their management in Jordan relies heavily on costly intravenous infliximab (IV IFX). Subcutaneous infliximab (IFX SC) may offer cost savings by reducing administration-related expenses. This study aims to investigate the financi...