Imperial College London

Operational Fuel Inefficiency in Cruise Flight: A Worldwide Geospatial Analysis

Aircraft often deviate from fuel-optimal trajectories during the cruise phase of flight, which accounts for approximately 70% of aviation fuel consumption. Deviations in horizontal route, altitude, and speed lead to excess fuel burn, increased CO₂ emissions, and higher operationa...

Uncertainty in Land Carbon Fluxes Simulated by CMIP6 Models from Treatments of Crop Distributions and Photosynthetic Pathways

Abstract. A reliable representation of the diversity of vegetation in terrestrial ecosystems is needed for the accurate simulation of present and future biogeochemical cycling and global climate, particularly as climate change affects different vegetation types differently. We co...

COPD exacerbations and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) after first MACE

Whether major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) are associated with subsequent COPD exacerbations is unknown. In a generalisable COPD cohort, we determined whether (1) MACE was associated with subsequent exacerbations (by MACE-subtype, exacerbation severity, and timeframe), an...

Prospective analysis of pre-diagnostic untargeted plasma metabolomics and risk of triple-negative breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 10–15% of newly diagnosed breast cancer, and its aetiology is poorly understood compared to other breast cancer subtypes. We applied untargeted metabolomics to identify novel biological pathways associated with TNBC risk and poten...

Data-driven mapping of known and novel fluid biomarker progression profiles in genetic frontotemporal lobar degeneration

Abstract Introduction Recent proteomic studies have identified both established and novel proteins in genetic frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). However, it remains unclear at what point in the disease these proteins deviate from normal levels and how their trajectories re...

Fetal brain five-axial planes and 3D-ICRV cerebral surface imaging from 16 to 36 weeks of gestation

Abstract Background Recent advances in fetal neurosonography have increased interest in prenatal cortical assessment. However, the transvaginal approach, while providing superior resolution, is technically complex and limited to specialized settings. Methods This study utilizes a...

The Ethical, Legal and Psychosocial Implications of Genetic Testing in Adoption: A Review of the Current Evidence

Genetic testing helps determine the risk an individual faces in developing genetic diseases. Understanding the risk can allow measures to be put in place to increase preparation for the potential onset of certain diseases. Adoptees and adopters are often provided with limited inf...

GFN1-xTB-AssistedMachine Learning for ElectronicStructure Screening of Metal–Organic Frameworks

Abstract Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are versatile materials with tunable crystal structures, morphologies, and chemistries, offering diverse physical and chemical properties. Although typically electrically insulating, specific combinations of organic and inorganic component...

Interpretable multi-label prediction of institution-defined IgA nephropathy clinical patterns using routine cross-sectional clinical and laboratory data

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) clinical heterogeneity leads to inconsistent documentation of multiple, institution-specific pattern labels, creating an imbalanced multi-label phenotyping challenge. We developed an interpretable hybrid model, the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory-Convo...

Data-driven surrogates for predicting thermal performance and response functions of thermo-active piles

Purpose This paper develops fast, accurate data-driven surrogate models to predict the thermal performance and thermal response functions of single thermo-active piles. These replace computationally expensive finite element simulations and geometry-specific g-function calculation...

Incidence and risk factors for postoperative myocardial infarction following hip and knee arthroplasty

Aims: Hip and knee arthroplasty are among the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide but carry a risk of cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the long-term incidence of MI following hip and knee a...

Masterbatch-enabled acceleration of polyolefin biodegradation under open air terrestrial environmental conditions

Abstract Polyolefins, commonly used in packaging and single-use products, are notoriously persistent in the environment, contributing significantly to environmental pollution. In scientific literature to date, polyolefins have not been reported to fully biodegrade. This study exa...

Benefits and challenges of a Patient & Public Involvement (PPI) peer researcher

Involving a patient and public involvement (PPI) peer researcher with lived experience in clinical research is a relatively new concept and to our knowledge, has not been described in adult cardiac surgery. The integration of a PPI peer researcher with a lived experience of a sur...

Insecticide resistance profile and efficacy of next-generation LLINs against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. in M’bé, central Côte d’Ivoire

Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) combining pyrethroids with synergists or partner insecticides represent the next-generation tools for controlling malaria transmitted by resistant vectors. Because of their differing modes of action, their deployment in a given area would req...

Multimodal graph-based classification of esophageal motility disorders

PURPOSE: Diagnosing esophageal motility disorders, including dysphagia, pose significant challenges due to the complexity of high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) data and variability in clinical interpretation. Thiswork explores the feasibility of a multimodal machine learn...

Mapping System Vulnerabilities in Anaesthesia Safety: A Role‐Based Inquiry in Response to Fatal Fungal Meningitis Outbreaks in Mexico

ABSTRACT Objectives Unsafe anaesthesia practices in Mexico have contributed to repeated outbreaks of fatal fungal meningitis, exposing broader health system vulnerabilities. This study aimed to analyse how structural weaknesses in perioperative care, spanning governance, workforc...

Identification of a key water molecule involved in the macrophage migration inhibitory factor‐catalyzed tautomerization of para ‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate using neutron crystallography

Neutron crystallography was used to determine a 2.5-Å resolution all-atom structure of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) interacting with 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-pyruvate (HPP). MIF is a pro-inflammatory, pro-tumorigenic protein that may be an attractive therapeutic target...

Developing Low-Carbon Concrete from Recycled Wind Turbine Blades: Fresh and Short-Term Properties

Abstract This study investigates the fresh and short-term properties of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) derived from retired wind turbine blades, specifically glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) and GFRP after thermal degradation treatment (GF550), with fly ash (FA)...

Glacier surges on James Ross Island, Antarctica, and their relationship with climate

Abstract. Although the Antarctic Peninsula has a similar climate to that of other regions hosting surge-type glaciers, only one glacier surge has been previously observed in this region. We examined ice surface velocity, elevation and terminus position changes of Antarctic Penins...

Phenomic Medicine and Metabolic Disease Trajectories: Measuring and Modelling the Health to Disease Continuum

Abstract Phenomic medicine is an emerging field that involves measurement and modelling of multidimensional phenotypic data to provide a systems-level framework to understand how health and disease evolve over time and inform decision making in a clinical context . Unlike genomic...