Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives

Irradiation Embrittlement in Grade-300 Steel Internals: A Comprehensive Description and Evaluation Approach

Water-cooled nuclear reactors are equipped with internal structural elements made of grade 300 steels, which are subject to embrittlement over their operational lifetime. More specifically, typical internal components are simultaneously exposed to neutron irradiation and pressuri...

Measurements of the production of W$$^{\pm }$$ and Z$$^0$$ bosons in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ TeV

Abstract Measurements of the production of the W $$^{\pm }$$ ± and Z $$^0$$ 0 bosons at midrapidity in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV with ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented. The W $$^{\pm }$$ ± and Z $$^0$$ 0 bosons are detected via their (di)e...

Comprehensive proteomic and structural mapping of post-translational modifications of human thyroglobulin

Human thyroglobulin (hTg) is the precursor of thyroid hormones (TH) and a major iodine reservoir in the thyroid gland. Its maturation and function critically depend on multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs). To date, their global distribution, structural organization an...

WEST advanced wall protection achievements toward long pulse operation

Abstract Long pulse operation in magnetic fusion devices requires well controlled plasma power exhaust to the divertor & wall, and avoidance of wall hot spots that could evolve in wall damage. At WEST, 10 major plasma facing components are monitored using 10 series of temperature...

The Enigma of Finnish and Sardinian Type 1 Diabetes Incidence: Where Population History Meets Genetics

Finland and Sardinia have very high incidences of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D), particularly in children, far exceeding those of other European countries—an enigma that has persisted for some forty years. Genetics has so far had only the established T1D-predisposing variants...

Chelation‐Assisted Metal‐Catalyzed Ligation and Cleavage Reactions for Chemical Biology

While bioorthogonal click chemistry has transformed chemical biology, chelation‐assisted transition‐metal catalysis has emerged as a powerful yet still underexplored alternative tool for studying biological processes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent chelat...

On the Cl2 plasma etching mechanisms of AlN micropillars: Carrier wafer impact

Plasma etching of aluminum nitride (AlN) is a critical step in the fabrication of advanced optoelectronic and electronic devices, particularly deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes based on nanowire architectures. In research and development, small AlN samples are commonly mount...

Unprecedented In Vivo MRI Resolution of Basal Ganglia at 11.7 T

This case report describes 11.7-T in vivo human brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the basal ganglia in 2 healthy volunteers.

Direct Visualization of a Hydroperoxy Intermediate in Fluorescent Protein Chromophore Maturation in PAmCherry1

Abstract Despite the widespread use of fluorescent proteins in bioimaging, the mechanism of oxidative chromophore maturation to form the tyrosine Cα═Cβ double bond remains unclear. In the photoactivatable fluorescent protein PAmCherry1, this double bond has not yet been formed pr...

14,028 Nights with John Danziger under the veil of SN 1987A

This is a summary of the observations of the supernova SN 1987A conducted in infrared by John Danziger and myself from February 1987 until today. I recall the main results obtained in the past and present the latest results obtained recently with the JWST.

Anti-thymocyte globulin triggers TNF-dependent cell death in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) accounts for one of the most aggressive hematological tumors associated with poor prognosis, notably for relapsed and refractory patients. Hence, an unmet medical need persists for T-ALL patients who fail to durably respond to conventio...

14,028 Nights with John Danziger under the veil of SN 1987A

This is a summary of the observations of the supernova SN 1987A conducted in infrared by John Danziger and myself from February 1987 until today. I recall the main results obtained in the past and present the latest results obtained recently with the JWST.

Sex-related variability of white-matter tracts is robust to tractography methodology

Abstract Diffusion tractography is the prominent in-vivo technique to study and investigate white-matter pathways in the human brain. While tractography is a powerful method, recent work suggests that different tractography methods can produce strikingly different representations...

Ultrahigh flow strength in shocked nanopolycrystalline diamond

Extreme pressures and temperatures create conditions that allow even hard and brittle materials to flow plastically. Despite extensive research, the limits of flow strength under such conditions remain uncertain, and the mechanisms driving deformation at the relevant stresses are...

Unsupervised deep learning for limited-angle STEM-EDX tomography: application to 3D chemical analysis of phase-change memory devices

Abstract Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) tomography in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) enables three-dimensional elemental mapping at the nanoscale. However, its application remains challenging when sample geometry severely restricts the accessible tilt range, and...

Introducing shrubs enhances the representation of high-latitude vegetation and carbon cycling in the ORCHIDEE land surface model

Arctic–Boreal terrestrial ecosystems are rapidly changing under amplified high-latitude warming, including widespread expansion of shrubs, with consequences for regional carbon and energy balances. Yet, high-latitude vegetation diversity and vegetation–climate interactions remain...

Multiscale Symmetry Breaking Enables Tunable Magnetic Anisotropy and Damping in Co 2 FeAl Thin Films

ABSTRACT The ability to simultaneously engineer magnetic stability and spin dissipation remains difficult to realize in scalable metallic thin films. Here, we show that multiscale symmetry breaking provides a route to achieve this control in polycrystalline Co 2 FeAl films withou...

Generalizable and equitable automated ischaemic stroke lesion segmentation with vision transformers

Abstract Background Ischaemic stroke, a leading cause of death and disability, relies on neuroimaging for characterising the anatomical pattern of injury. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) provides the most anatomically specific signal in acute ischaemic stroke but poses substantial c...

Watermarking large language models in Europe: interpreting the AI act in light of technology

Abstract To foster trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the European Union, the AI Act requires providers to mark and detect the outputs of their general-purpose models. The Article 50 and Recital 133 call for marking methods that are "sufficiently reliable, interopera...

Net carbon losses in Central African forests revealed by high-resolution biomass change maps

Dense humid forests in Central Africa hold vast biomass carbon stocks but are increasingly affected by small-scale disturbances that are difficult to detect with current satellite observations. Here, we generate 10 m canopy height maps for 2019–2022 using deep learning with space...