Columbia University Irving Medical Center

Projected impact of population-level multi-cancer early detection screening: a discrete event simulation analysis.

Cancer screening for multiple cancers simultaneously, rather than one cancer at a time, has emerged as a promising strategy for population-level cancer screening, largely driven by the advent and rapid development of liquid biopsy-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests....

Anticancer Drugs and Cancer-Associated Thrombosis

The rapid development of novel cancer therapies has considerably improved the care of cancer patients and cancer-related survival; however, these therapies are associated with a broad range of adverse events that have become a major burden in this population. Alongside other canc...

Temporal proximity to counseling is associated with longitudinal bedaquiline and antiretroviral therapy adherence in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV treatment

Background Medication adherence is a persistent challenge in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and HIV. Routine counseling notes are an underutilized source of information on patient adherence context. Methods We applied natural language processing (NLP)...

Assessing and Addressing Frailty in Candidates for Lung Transplantation: An ISHLT Consensus Statement.

The ISHLT Consensus document for the selection of lung transplant candidates recommends frailty assessment as part of a comprehensive candidacy evaluation. Missing from this and other recent consensus documents were practical recommendations on which frailty measures to consider...

Consensus-based clinical and research recommendations for use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the context of eating disorders: a modified Delphi study.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), initially developed for type 2 diabetes management and later expanded to obesity treatment, have shown preliminary efficacy in reducing binge eating episodes. However, the appetite-suppressing and weight-loss effects of GLP-1R...

Linguistic features from paragraph recall are markers of cognitive impairment

Abstract Objective Cognitive impairment is associated with language changes that may be elicited from verbal responses during neuropsychological assessments that are not captured in traditional scoring. The current study investigated the utility of a linguistic analysis of paragr...

Insulin resistance in the 21st century: new takes on an old problem—2025 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum

Insulin resistance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes and several other metabolic diseases. However, efforts to improve insulin resistance are hindered by the biological complexity inherent to insulin action, as well as conceptual and methodological limitations to date. In Septembe...

Perceptions of Chemoprevention Among Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer

Importance Breast cancer (BC) chemoprevention (CP) is highly effective in reducing invasive BC risk, yet uptake among eligible women at high risk remains critically low. Prior research has not adequately examined CP decision-making alongside other primary prevention therapies, su...

Assessing residual bias in real-world vaccine effectiveness studies: validating negative controls to avoid misleading results

Observational studies and randomized controlled trials demonstrate that vaccines protect against infections and severe outcomes, but real-world vaccine effectiveness estimates remain vulnerable to residual biases. Negative control outcomes can help detect and mitigate such biases...

Loneliness and all-cause mortality in the United States

Importance Loneliness affects more than half of US adults and has been declared a public health epidemic, yet whether clinically documented loneliness independently predicts mortality across diverse populations remains unclear. Objective To examine the association between clinica...

Challenges in establishing epidemiological cut-off values for the Burkholderia cepacia complex

ABSTRACT The Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is comprised of 24 species of gram-negative bacteria that cause opportunistic infections. While antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) has historically been used to guide treatment for BCC infections, recent work highlighting pr...

Cochlear implant infection in a teenager with CHARGE syndrome: a case report

Pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative coccobacillus commonly found in the oral flora of many animals, most commonly in cats and implicated in zoonotic infections, commonly cellulitis secondary to cat bites and scratches. Here we describe a teenager with CHARGE syndrome who dev...

Structural Brain Volumes and Delay Discounting

This cross-sectional study evaluates a multilayer perceptron model for estimating delay discounting among college-aged adults.

Coated or chewable Aspirin and a hybrid air pollution mitigation strategy in patients with atherosclerotic disease: Rationale and Design of the COATED-AIR Randomized Trial.

BACKGROUND: Although enteric-coated aspirin is widely used instead of chewable formulations in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), its effects on cardiovascular and gastrointestinal outcomes remain uncertain. Separately, air pollution is a driver of car...

Trimethylamine N-oxide and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events: results of umbrella review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Circulating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) may be a causal factor or marker for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACE), but evidence in humans is limited to observational studies with inherent uncertainties. Methods We conducted an umbrella sys...

An iron-regulated methionine redox axis governs adipose browning and cancer cachexia

Abstract Adipose browning and atrophy are early events of cachexia, a lethal metabolic disorder affecting nearly half of the population with cancer. Here, using individual-derived specimens and mouse models, we identified an iron-dependent pathway that initiates adipose browning...

Career Development in Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellowships: A Qualitative Study

ABSTRACT Objectives Effective career development guidance during fellowship is essential to prepare pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows for diverse career paths. However, little is known about how PEM fellowships structure and deliver career development support. Our object...

Probiotics in Celiac Disease: Current Evidence and Future Directions

Celiac disease is often associated with gut microbiome alterations, which may play a role in autoimmunity to gluten peptides and upregulation of other autoinflammatory pathways. Probiotics of various formulations have been evaluated in attempts to normalize the gut microbiome and...

The PancreaSure Multianalyte Blood Test Performs Well at Distinguishing Early-Stage Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma from High-Risk Controls: A Retrospective Secondary Analysis

Background/Objectives: Biomarkers that can facilitate early detection of pancreatic cancer and extend patient survival are a significant unmet need. PancreaSure is a serum biomarker signature that performed well at distinguishing Stage I and II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (P...

ABO Blood Group Mismatch in Heart Transplantation Is Not Associated With Elevated Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA

Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) is a reliable, noninvasive marker for detecting allograft rejection after heart transplantation (HT). We evaluated whether dd-cfDNA levels differ in recipients of ABO-compatible, nonidentical (mismatched) grafts. We performed a retrospective...