Research works

Dynamic surface reconstruction during oxygen evolution enabled by exsolution in Al-doped LaNiO3 for efficient AEM water electrolysis

Surface reconstruction during oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has been considered a key mechanism governing the catalytic activity and durability of perovskite oxides. However, effective materials design strategies to regulate surface reconstruction remain limited. In this study,...

NDRG2 as a Promising Therapeutic Target in Depression: A Review of its Multifaceted Mechanisms

Depression is a common mood disorder with limited treatment efficacy. N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a stress-responsive molecule expressed in astrocytes and has been recognized as a key regulator in depression; however, its underlying mechanisms remain largely uncl...

Data-driven clinical phenotypes of diabetic kidney disease and their association with disease progression: a real-world cohort study

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has a heterogeneous clinical course. A refined classification of DKD phenotypes could help identify patients at increased risk of kidney disease progression and guide individualized clinical management. This retrospective cohort included 6,667 adults...

Phenotypic misidentification of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the absence of routine MRSA screening in selected health facilities in the South West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon

Staphylococcus aureus , particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is a major cause of infection and antimicrobial resistance in resource-limited settings, and accurate detection depends on reliable species identification and methicillin-resistance screening. In many su...

Microbes in the dust: The ecology of arid soil microbiomes

Drylands now cover approximately 45% of Earth's terrestrial surface and are expanding under climate change, yet the microbial communities inhabiting these vast regions remain poorly integrated into ecosystem models. This review synthesizes current knowledge on arid soil microbiom...

Self-regenerating photocatalytic water treatment systems: integrating cognitive AI control, bio-inspired self-healing, and thermoelectric energy harvesting

Conventional photocatalytic water treatment systems face persistent limitations in terms of catalyst deactivation, energy consumption, and adaptability to variable influent quality. This review examines the integration of three emerging technological domains, machine learning dri...

Forest carbon markets in afforestation projects: differences across six schemes

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of schemes and registries accepting afforestation projects for the purpose of obtaining carbon credits. However, from the perspective of a single non-industrial private forest landowner, it is unclear which scheme is the m...

Facilitators and barriers influencing the provision of prehospital care following road traffic crashes in Rwanda: a descriptive qualitative study

Prehospital care is essential for improving outcomes among road traffic injury victims. In low- and middle-income countries such as Rwanda, prehospital healthcare providers often face contextual barriers that may hinder timely and effective care, while certain facilitators may su...

CRISPR screening identifies TWIST1 as a ferroptosis driver in CKD progression

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) lacks effective therapeutic interventions targeting its fundamental pathological mechanisms. TWIST1 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is a critical regulator in kidney fibrosis pathogenesis. We used genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screenin...

Assessment of AI development level in construction cost management using AHP- cloud model: a case study of China’s Yangtze River Delta Region

Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration is crucial for solving traditional inefficiencies and data fragmentation in construction cost management, driven by the demands of Industry 4.0. However, a significant gap exists in holistically evaluating AI development levels, lacking a...

Bone health trajectories following regimen optimization in male people living with HIV receiving TDF: a prospective, observational, cohort study

TDF exposure is associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) in people living with HIV (PLWH). Data remain limited evaluating changes in BMD and bone turnover markers (BTMs) after switching to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), TDF/TAF-free regimens such as dolutegravir/lamivudin...

Comparative assessment of energy recovery from landfill gas and incineration for municipal solid waste management in Chennai, India: a case study using the IPCC default method and first-order decay model

This case study attempts to assess the suitability of landfill gas-to-energy (LFGE) and waste-to-energy (WtE) through incineration systems to manage municipal solid waste (MSW) in Chennai, India. The estimation of methane emissions from two primary dumpsites of Chennai (Kodungaiy...

Association of genetic risk, lifestyle, and their interaction with MRI-based brain aging

Individual brain aging is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors, yet their combined influence remains poorly understood. Using multimodal MRI, genomic data, and lifestyle measures from 46,843 participants in the UK Biobank, we developed and validated a multimodal brain...

Integrated differential transcript usage and transcript abundance analyses reveal isoform-level remodeling in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by transcriptional reprogramming driven by hypoxia signaling, metabolic rewiring, and immune modulation. While gene-level analyses have defined key features of ccRCC biology, they do not capture isoform-level variation aris...

Hierarchical multilevel smart energy monitoring system

Energy management in industrial facilities requires the integration of operational data, utility systems, and enterprise-level decision-making processes. Although ISA-95-based architectures are widely used for enterprise-control integration, practical deployment of energy-focused...

Epitope and immunological basis for superior immunogenicity of henipavirus glycoprotein HeV.G over NiV.G in mRNA vaccines

Nipah (NiV) and Hendra (HeV) viruses are highly lethal zoonotic Henipaviruses with pandemic potential, for which no licensed vaccines exist. The surface glycoprotein (G) is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies, yet a systematic comparison of the immunogenicity of NiV.G a...

A multi-model LLM framework for AI-assisted psychological scale development: initial psychometric evaluation of the Emotion Regulation Scale (ERS)

Emotion regulation is a key construct in mental health, yet existing measures differ in conceptual coverage, with some focusing on specific strategies or regulatory difficulties rather than broader cognitive, behavioral, and contextual regulation processes. This study aimed to de...

Changes in vision-related quality of life after cataract surgery and factors associated with preoperative VRQoL: a longitudinal study in older adults

Cataract is associated with reduced ability to perform everyday tasks, loss of independence, and diminished social participation. Clinical measures such as visual acuity do not capture the functional and psychosocial consequences of cataract. Vision-related quality of life (VRQoL...

A process-oriented framework for daily dynamic monitoring of summer maize drought: From meteorological stress to agricultural impact

CONTEXT The progression of crop drought from meteorological deficit to agricultural damage is a continuous, stage-specific process. However, prevailing drought monitoring approaches, including single-type indices (e.g., SPI) and integrated composite indices (e.g., CDI), either fa...

DBDM: a formal framework for bias detection and mitigation in distributed large language models

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being deployed in distributed settings, where different nodes may work on heterogeneous data, user populations, and local model updates. In such settings, bias can arise in an emergent fashion via local interactions and spread over th...