Research works

Reference datasets of primary rocket engine emissions for global launch inventories

Abstract Research on the radiative forcing and climate impact of emissions from the space transportation sector remains in its early stages. A critical component of advancing this field is the development of accurate global emission inventories, which depend fundamentally on the...

Hex -MASP for mapping the whole-tissue spatial proteome and the intrabrain distribution of monoclonal antibodies

Abstract Whole-tissue spatial proteomics level provides critical insights into region-specific biological regulations but remains challenging. Previously, we introduced the Micro-scaffold Assisted Spatial Proteomics (MASP) concept for whole-tissue mapping. However, this prototype...

Seasonal fluctuations in fitness result in severe reductions in effective population size

Abstract Genetic evidence for fluctuating selection has begun to accumulate for different species over the past few decades, especially for the Drosophila genus where studies have reported hundreds of loci undergoing putatively adaptive oscillations across successive seasons. How...

Multiple overlapping SNARE complexes drive endosome maturation in Drosophila nephrocytes

ABSTRACT Endosomal maturation determines whether internalized cargo is recycled or degraded, yet the molecular logic governing early endosomal fusion remains poorly defined. This process is often depicted as a linear Rab5-to-Rab7 transition mediated by a single, ordered SNARE pat...

ThermoLIB─A Python Library for Constructing and Post-Processing Free-Energy Surfaces to Extract Thermodynamic and Kinetic Properties

Abstract ThermoLIB is a Python/Cython library designed to be used as a postprocessing tool for constructing free-energy surfaces, including adequate error estimation from the output of molecular simulations, transforming them between different collective variables (CVs), and extr...

Promiscuous Metal Site in Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Binds an Fe–S Cluster

Abstract Fe–S clusters are emerging as important cofactors in viral replication but are frequently misassigned as Zn due to their O2-sensitivity and overlapping cysteine-based coordination chemistry. The Hepatitis B virus regulatory protein HBx, which is essential for viral repli...

A life cycle definition of year-round weather regimes in the North Atlantic European region

Abstract. Weather regimes are quasi-stationary, persistent, and recurrent states of the large-scale extratropical circulation. Weather regimes explain most of the multi-day atmospheric variability on sub-seasonal time scales of 5 to 30 d. While regime definitions have been explor...

PIP2 binding at allosteric site blocks activation in human rod CNG channels

Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) is a ubiquitous signaling lipid that regulates multiple ion channels. In human cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels, including the rod photoreceptor channel, PIP2 has been reported to exert inhibitory effects, but the underlying mech...

Deceptive bias measurement in deep learning: Assessing shortcut reliance in TCGA cancer models

Abstract Bias in machine learning is a persistent challenge because it can create unfair outcomes, limit generalization, and reduce trust in real-world applications. A key source of this problem is shortcut learning, where models exploit signals linked to sensitive attributes, su...

The paradox of neglecting changes in behavior: How standard epidemic models misestimate both transmissibility and final epidemic size

Abstract During epidemic outbreaks, populations adapt their behavior in response to disease burden, fundamentally altering transmission dynamics. Despite this, most compartmental models assume constant contact rates throughout outbreaks. To quantify biases from this assumption, w...

The gerotherapeutic drugs rapamycin, acarbose, and phenylbutyrate extend lifespan and enhance healthy aging in house crickets

Abstract The house cricket ( Acheta domesticus ) is a promising preclinical geroscience model due to its short lifespan, low maintenance, age-associated functional decline, and responsiveness to geroprotective drugs. Continuous dosing with rapamycin, acarbose, and phenylbutyrate...

Weighted sliced inverse regression for scalable supervised dimensionality reduction of spatial transcriptomics data

Abstract With the dramatic take-up of spatially resolved transcriptomics biotechnologies, performing spatially-aware analysis of the resulting data is crucial to maximise advances in biological understanding. Dimensionality reduction is a first step in almost any analysis of spat...

Faster Quantum Simulation Of Markovian Open Quantum Systems Via Randomisation

When simulating the dynamics of open quantum systems with quantum computers, it is essential to accurately approximate the system's behaviour while preserving the physicality of its evolution. Traditionally, for Markovian open quantum systems, this has been achieved using first a...

A barycenter-based approach for the multi-model ensembling of subseasonal forecasts

Abstract. Ensemble forecasts and their combination are examined from the perspective of probability spaces. By treating ensemble forecasts as discrete probability distributions, multi-model ensemble (MME) forecasts are reformulated as barycenters of these distributions. We consid...

Redox-dependent synaptic clustering of gephyrin

ABSTRACT Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in enhancing inhibitory signal transmission, thus extending their role beyond oxidative stress in disease and aging. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms mediating these functions have remained elusive. At inhibit...

Learning in Lost-Sales Inventory Systems with Stochastic Lead Times and Random Supplies

Supply uncertainty, characterized by stochastic lead times and random supply quantities, has attracted increasing attention from academia, industries, and governments, particularly in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we consider the problem of managing lost-...

When Is Governance Change Warranted Under Changed Conditions?

GCEF Research Note 05 examines when a governance-relevant change is warranted under changed conditions. The note asks what evidence and reasoning can support a bounded judgement that governance-relevant change is justified rather than preservation, narrowing, restraint, or furthe...

SΔϕ-82 — Philosophical Force Matrix: Metaphysical Commitment, Practical Intervention, World-Binding, and Re-entry (v1.0, AI-Native Package)

SΔϕ-82 — Philosophical Force Matrix introduces an AI-native framework for comparing philosophical, ideological, constitutional, and governance systems according to how strongly they establish foundational claims and how strongly they intervene in practical action. The framework d...

Sex-specific control of locomotor behavior by neuronal Arhgef10 in aged Drosophila

Mutations and polymorphisms in the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 (ARHGEF10) locus are associated with behavioral and locomotor dysfunctions in humans, including psychiatric disorders and polyneuropathies that show age- and sex-specific prevalence. ARHGEF10 encodes a c...

Frequency and laminar profile of feature-specific visual activity revealed by interleaved EEG–fMRI

Abstract The role of cortical oscillations in brain function has been extensively debated, resulting in a variety of theoretical frameworks. Using inter-leaved simultaneous EEG-fMRI, we examined the layer-specific relationship between oscillatory activity and visual processing. W...