Research works

FAβ-gal: an automated fluorescence-based quantification of the senescence-associated beta-galactosidase X-gal assay

Abstract Cellular senescence plays a pivotal role in aging and cancer, two major biomedical and socioeconomic challenges of our time. Therefore, its study has become crucial for the design of interventions based on its manipulation. In this sense, researchers have developed a wid...

A divergent betacoronavirus with a functional furin cleavage site in South American bats

Abstract Bats are natural reservoirs for a wide range of RNA viruses. Members of the genus Betacoronavirus , including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome virus (MERS-CoV), have attracted particular attention due to their re...

Steric control of signaling bias in the immunometabolic receptor GPR84

Abstract Biased signaling in G protein-coupled receptors offers therapeutic promise, yet rational design of biased ligands remains challenging due to limited mechanistic understanding. Here, we report a molecular basis for controlling signaling bias at the immunometabolic recepto...

ATAD2 is a novel regulator of myogenesis and autophagy in skeletal muscles

Abstract The nuclear protein ATAD2 (ATPase family AAA domain containing 2) is a known positive regulator of cell proliferation in various cancer types. The expression and functional roles of ATAD2 in skeletal muscle cells are unknown. In this study, we used transient and stable k...

Ternary Neurexin-T178-PTPR complexes represent a pre-synaptic core-module of neuronal synapse organization

Abstract Synapses, prototypic sites for neuronal communication, are key to brain function. Their organization and properties are instructed by synaptic cell adhesion molecules (sCAMs) that may operate independently or in coordination through yet unknown linker proteins. Here, we...

Detecting Adversarial Perturbations in AI-Generated Code: A Three-Tier Detectability Hierarchy

This study investigates adversarial perturbation detection in AI-generated code. We systematically test five perturbation strategies (comment planting, dead code insertion, variable shadowing, import aliasing, boundary inversion) on 550 AI-generated Python samples (100 clean, 450...

Transforming Science with Large Language Models: A Survey on AI-assisted Scientific Discovery, Experimentation, Content Generation, and Evaluation

With the advent of large multimodal language models, science is now at a threshold of an AI-based technological transformation. An emerging ecosystem of models and tools aims to support researchers throughout the scientific lifecycle, including (1) searching for relevant literatu...

Why This Language? Historical Symmetry Breaking through Cultural Transmission

Version 2.0 (5 September 2026) corrects Version 1.0 after an independent data verification: a shared adjusted-Rand-index implementation replaces local copies that scored identical singleton partitions as 0 (this changes several second-architecture partition verdicts, in both dire...

Clonotype-resolved T-cell response monitoring of human lung cancer TILs via repertoire-wide multidimensional TCR decoding

T cell responses across the TCR repertoire are central to immunotherapies. However, current methods cannot simultaneously achieve broad antigen coverage, high TCR resolution, and high throughput, and therefore provide only a partial view of T cell responses. Here, we introduce th...

Effects of Starch Levels on Gut Microbiota, Liver Transcriptome, and Serum Metabolome

In this study, 32 Hu sheep were selected and fed either a low-starch diet or a high-starch diet. Subsequently, 16S sequencing of the rumen and colon contents, metagenomic sequencing of the rumen contents, and untargeted metabolomics of serum were performed.

The Sharp First-Angular Symmetry-Breaking Threshold for the Planar Lane–Emden Equation with Robin Boundary Conditions

This note sharpens the first-angular symmetry-breaking analysis for the planar Lane--Emden equation with positive Robin boundary conditions. We prove the existence of a unique sharp transition exponent\[p_{\mathrm{sb}}\in(5,8).\]For \(1 p_{\mathrm{sb}}\), it has exactly two simpl...

Sampling protocol for a century-long study of authorial judgment in the scientific objectivity and values literature (Phase 5.1, pre-registered before execution)

This is the sampling protocol for a study of whether the visibility of authorial judgment has changed across a century of the literature that argues about scientific objectivity and values. It is deposited before any data are collected. At the moment of deposit no query has been...

Identification of Syringic Hydrazide Derivatives as Promising Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors with Superior Antifungal and Anti-Oomycete Efficacy for Ensuring Food Safety

Abstract Fungal diseases remain a major constraint on global crop production, driving the search for fungicides with broader efficacy and improved selectivity. Confronting the dual challenges of structural rigidity and declining antifungal performance in conventional succinate de...

Bridging Interfacial Water Structure and Reactivity in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution at TiO2 Interfaces

Abstract Understanding how interfacial water governs photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is a central challenge in the development of high-performance photocatalysts for a sustainable society. Although hydrophilic interfaces have long been regarded as favorable due to their strong...

On the Relation between Gravitational Field Line Density Variation and Matter Spatial Configuration – A Modified Gravitational Theory Based on Geometric Principles

Newton’s law of universal gravitation has achieved extremely high verificationaccuracy within the solar system scale, and the geometric essence of its inverse-square law is the uniform diffusion of field lines on a spherical surface. However, ongalactic scales, there is a systema...

Counting twitches: automated mechanomyography of muscle fatigue in healthy adults

Abstract Background Assessing skeletal muscle fatigue is essential for diagnosing neuromuscular impairment, but conventional methods rely on maximal or tetanic contractions that can be impractical or uncomfortable in clinical populations. Surface mechanomyography (MMG) provides a...

Descriptive Form for Geosite Inventory in the Context of the Regional Law for Geoheritage in Piemonte (NW-Italy)

Abstract On the occasion of the first UNESCO International Geodiversity Day (October 6th, 2023), the Piemonte Region Council promulgated the Regional Law “Provisions for the conservation, management and valorisation of the geological heritage”. This legislative measure recognises...

Self-Referenced SERS Nanoprobe for Accurate and Real-Time Monitoring of Nitroreductase Activity in Hepatic Ischemia

Abstract Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) represents a severe complication in liver surgery and transplantation, thus early identification of ischemic damage, specifically the hallmark hypoxia, is pivotal for prognosis. However, the specific tools for detecting ischemic...

Effects of open-skill and closed-skill exercise on subdomains of executive function in healthy older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Executive-function decline can compromise independence in later life. Exercise may support executive function, but whether open-skill exercise confers greater benefits than closed-skill exercise across domains remains uncertain. Methods PubMed, Embase, the Coc...

Molecular Response Mechanisms Underlying Soybean-Cyst Nematode Interactions at the Single-Cell Level

Soybean is an annual herbaceous species belonging to the genus Glycine of the Fabaceae family. Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) represents one of the most destructive pathogens threatening global soybean production. Previous studies have demonstrated that feeding site selection and sy...