Research works

Digital exclusion and health in older adults: a systematic review

Abstract Healthcare systems are turning increasingly digital. Digital exclusion restricts access to a wider range of health-related resources among older adults, which delays prevention and treatment, posing additional health challenges. The study aims to systematically review th...

Approaches to nonlinear programming problems: Taylor series expansion, RBF surrogate modeling, DOE-based dimensionality reduction, and adaptive domain splitting

<title>Abstract</title> Solving nonlinear constrained optimization problems efficiently remains a challenge. This paper describes a four-component method developed to address these difficulties: Design of Experiments (DOE) screening using L9 and L81 orthogonal arrays to eliminate...

From digital to physical model: testing of a workflow for case-specific 3D-printed bone simulants

Bone simulants are used for a variety of purposes in wound ballistic experimentation. Synthetic simulants have several advantages over biological (either human or animal) material. Generic synthetic simulants are available, but the shapes and sizes of these materials cannot cover...

Extending SHARC to Periodic Systems: A SHARC–VASPInterface for First-Principles Nonadiabatic Dynamics

Abstract Nonadiabatic effects arising from the breakdown of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation govern a wide range of photoinduced processes in molecules and materials. While trajectory surface hopping has become a standard tool for simulating excited-state dynamics in molecular...

Effects of medium-induced osmotic and nutrient stress on cyanogenic glycosides in flax (Linum usitatissimum)

<title>Abstract</title> Background Cyanogenic glycosides (CGs) are multifunctional plant metabolites involved in defense, nitrogen turnover, and stress responses. Study examined effects of medium-induced osmotic and nutrient stress on cyanogenic glycosides in flax (Linum usitatis...

Attention-Like Hebbian Learning from Quantum Probability Flow and Quantum-Annealer Tests

We propose a quantum probability-flow principle for deriving local learning rules in associative memory. A transverse field defines leakage channels from data states, and minimizing the measured survival loss gives stability-driven updates. For imaginary-time, dephased dynamics,...

HarnessingDiamond Surface Features for Dense andAligned NV Ensembles

Abstract Controlling nitrogen doping in diamond is key to advancing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center devices. We harness the hillock, a typically undesirable surface feature, to incorporate high densities of grown-in, aligned NV centers on a (001)-oriented substrate. Enhanced cathodo...

Prevalence and pattern of dental anomalies among schoolchildren in Aden, Yemen

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> Dental anomalies (DAs) are clinically relevant developmental anomalies that impact oral health and overall quality of life. <bold>Objectives</bold> : Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies among schoolchild...

Effects of pre-spawning heat stress on the fecundity of Acropora aspera

<title>Abstract</title> Repeated bleaching events driven by heat stress have caused extensive coral mortality and long-term impairment in survivors. Following bleaching, larval production and recruitment decline, undermining reef recovery. On the Great Barrier Reef, such heat-str...

Hybrid chemical and physical activation techniques for engineering hierarchical pore structures in activated carbon for enhanced adsorption performance

<title>Abstract</title> This study explores the synergistic impact of hybrid chemical activation (CA) and physical activation (PA) on creating hierarchical pore structures in activated carbons (ACs) derived from various biomass precursors, aiming to improve adsorption performance...

Hypertensive posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in Lesch–Nyhan disease: possible contribution of chronic hyperuricemia and renin activation – a case report

<title>Abstract</title> Background Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by seizures, altered consciousness, and vasogenic edema predominantly affecting the parieto-occipital regions. Although acute hypertension is a major precipitating factor, impa...

An ex vivo gut mucosal explant assay to compare HIV tissue susceptibility shows increased HIV susceptibility with methamphetamine exposure

Background: mucosal explant models for HIV assess viral replication but do not fully capture the ability of tissue to support productive infection and transfer to target cells, an important indicator of tissue susceptibility. Additional tools to investigate relative mucosal susce...

Proper Orthogonal Decomposition-based Model-Order Reduction for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Simulation—Mass-Spring-Damper System

Model Order Reduction (MOR) based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) has proven effective in various applications. Most MOR methods utilizing POD are implemented within a pure Eulerian framework, while significantly less attention has...

Phenotypic characteristics associated with preterm births in the Indian population

ABSTRACT Background Preterm birth (PTB), defined as the birth of infants before 37 weeks of gestation, poses significant health risks, including increased mortality and long-term disabilities. India stands as a major contributor to global PTB-related mortality, primarily due to i...

Sex-based differences in glycaemic variability and clinical outcomes among older inpatients with type 2 diabetes: insights from the GLIMPACT study

<title>Abstract</title> Methods A retrospective study of patients with type 2 diabetes aged 65 or older, admitted to the Geriatrics Unit of Padua University Hospital between January 2018 and December 2020. We recorded sociodemographic data, blood tests, multidimensional geriatric...

The history of enzyme evolution embedded in metabolism.

Whereas phylogenetic reconstructions are a primary record of protein evolution, it is unknown whether the deep history of enzymes is encoded at higher levels of biological organization. Here, we demonstrate that the emergence and reuse history of enzymatic folds is embedded withi...

Therapeutic remodeling of the tuberculosis granuloma with 1-methyl-D-tryptophan enhances CD8+ T cell-macrophage interactions.

T cell infiltration and reduces T cell activation and proliferation; and iii) therapeutic strategies, including D-1MT, that improve intragranulomatous killing hold strong translational potential.

Engineering and land use intensified climate-driven Yangtze River flood hazards since the Little Ice Age.

Understanding the interplay between climate variability and human activities is essential for assessing long-term river flood hazards. Yet, the relative contributions of natural and anthropogenic drivers to flood magnitude remain poorly constrained due to limited multicentury rec...

Aid Coordination in Fragile States: Donor Proliferation, Fragmentation, and Transaction Costs: Post-CPA and Beyond

This article examines Aid Coordination in Fragile States: Donor Proliferation, Fragmentation, and Transaction Costs: Post-CPA and Beyond with a focused emphasis on Tanzania within the field of Business. It is structured as a commentary on published article that organises the prob...

Aid Coordination in Fragile States: Donor Proliferation, Fragmentation, and Transaction Costs: Post-CPA and Beyond

This article examines Aid Coordination in Fragile States: Donor Proliferation, Fragmentation, and Transaction Costs: Post-CPA and Beyond with a focused emphasis on Tanzania within the field of Business. It is structured as a commentary on published article that organises the prob...