Research works

An Occlusion-Representation and Background-Redundancy-Suppression Network for Prohibited Item Detection with X-Ray Images

Prohibited item detection in baggage X-ray images remains challenging because object overlap, partial occlusion, and cluttered backgrounds often obscure target boundaries. These factors make discriminative structural cues difficult to preserve in complex luggage scenes. This stud...

Response to “Comment on: Association of SUVmax with Malignancy in Focal FDG-Avid Thyroid Incidentalomas”

We read with interest the study by Öztürk et al. evaluating the performance of ultrasound risk stratification systems in focal FDG-avid thyroid incidentalomas. While TIRADS-based systems have shown high diagnostic performance, the SUVmax cut-off value and negative predictive valu...

Functional Architecture and Exploratory Operational Assessment of a Mobile Hydraulic Clay-Brick Molding Machine for Small-Scale Manufacturing

Small-scale clay-brick yards require molding equipment that increases output while remaining mobile, locally serviceable, and compatible with intermittent material supply. This article documents the functional architecture and exploratory operational performance of the mobile 12-...

State-of-the-Art Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Systems Technology: Survey and Recommendations for Effective Deployments

Abstract In 2023, the World Health Organization reported approximately 1.19 million road traffic deaths annually, with over half involving vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists. Vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) systems promise to improve pedestr...

Mistreatment, gender differences, and reporting behaviors among medical students in clinical training in Taiwan: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Mistreatment in the clinical learning environment remains a serious threat to medical students’ professional development and well-being, yet Taiwan lacks nationwide evidence to inform reform. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, patterns, and gender-specific features of mi...

Deep learning for automatic segmentation of the gestational sac and yolk sac from 3D ultrasound in early pregnancy

Abstract The current standard manual measurements from 2D ultrasound in the early weeks of pregnancy are operator-dependent and subject to inter- and intra-rater variability, particularly for the non-spherical gestational sac. This leads to diagnostic uncertainty, prolonged follo...

Sulfur-Containing Amino Acid Plasma Concentrations in Pregnancy; Effects of Physical Activity Interventions and Associations with Neonatal Outcomes—The FitMum Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Sulfur-containing amino acids (SCAAs) are essential for fetal growth and development, but their metabolism during pregnancy remains poorly understood, with conflicting reports regarding the effect of exercise training. This study investigates the effects of physical a...

Mechano-metabolic axis involves mitochondrial responses via BMP/Smad regulatory effect on cyclophilin D

Abstract Mechanical stimulation is fundamental for anabolism in various tissues, including bone. Importantly, mechanical stimulation has been shown to induce reprogramming of cell metabolism, likely to adjust it to increased anabolism. The signal transduction within this mechano-...

Agreement Between Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Bone Sounding, Pulse–Echo Ultrasound, and Caliper Measurements for Gingival Thickness Assessment: A Method-Comparison Study

Background/Objectives: Accurate assessment of gingival thickness (GT) is important for periodontal and implant treatment planning. Methods: In this method-comparison study based on prospectively collected clinical data from 2012, GT was assessed at standardized buccal sites using...

Investigating the wetting effectiveness of surfactant blends on anthracite coal dust: combined experimental and molecular simulation approaches

Abstract Conventional water spraying methods often prove inadequate due to the poor wettability of these coal dust particles. To address this, the present study introduces a comprehensive strategy that integrates molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with laboratory experiments to...

Development of an age-adapted simplified acute physiology score II using first-24-hour variables in pediatric patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: the CDH-SAPS

Abstract Accurate early risk stratification in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains challenging, as existing pediatric mortality prediction scores may not adequately reflect CDH-related pathophysiology. The main objective was to develop an early risk strati...

9.4‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in focal epilepsy patients with high‐resolution surface‐based profiling of focal cortical dysplasias

Abstract Objective The detection of subtle epileptogenic lesions such as focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) is a clinical challenge in the management of drug‐resistant focal epilepsy (DRFE). Ultra‐high‐field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers increased signal‐to‐noise ra...

Spatial-seasonal distribution and ecological risk assessment of multiple herbicides (chloroacetamides, triazines, chlorophenoxy acids, bentazone) and their transformation products in the Yangtze River, China

Abstract Herbicides such as chloroacetamides, chlorophenoxy acids, triazines, and bentazone are widely used in agriculture, contaminating aquatic ecosystems. However, their distribution and ecological risks in the Yangtze River are not clear. Thus, we analyzed 144 surface water s...

Career Goal Completion and Early Retirement Intentions in the Maintenance to Disengagement Transition: A Moderated‐Mediation Analysis of Health Status and Financial Security for Late‐Career Counseling

ABSTRACT This study examines why employees in Super's maintenance and disengagement stages, operationalized as workers aged 45–65, reporting high job satisfaction nonetheless form early retirement intentions (ERIs). Survey data from 380 Indian employees aged 45–65 were analyzed u...

Evaluation of the physicochemical properties and adhesive interface quality of BioRoot Flow and BioRoot RCS endodontic sealers: An in vitro study

Abstract Objective Bioceramic sealers have been increasingly used in endodontics due to their favorable physicochemical and biological properties. However, evidence regarding the physicochemical properties, push-out bond strength, and adhesive interface characteristics of BioRoot...

Information-Entropy-Guided Counterfactual Stability Modeling and Replay-Based Selective Override for Context-Fragile Branch Prediction

Modern out-of-order processors depend critically on TAGE family branch predictors, which often struggle with context-fragile branches whose outcomes are highly sensitive to slight perturbations in the most recent global history. Existing predictors are confined to single-path fac...

Handgrip strength and/or Timed Up and Go Test are associated with functional independence and psychological well-being in older women

Abstract Background Handgrip strength (HGS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests are established measures of physical capacity and widely utilized in geriatric assessments. We aimed to assess their independent and combined association with activity of daily living (ADL) and psychologi...

Effect of Bleaching Chemistry on the Production, Structure and Rheology of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Nanofibrils from Soybean Hulls

Soybean hulls, an abundant agro-industrial by-product, were valorized as a renewable cellulose source for nanocellulose production. Cellulose isolates were obtained by alkaline treatment followed by bleaching with sodium chlorite (NaClO2) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and subsequen...

Frogs, filters, and faraway lands: honoring the inimitable neuroethology of Peter Narins

This Special Issue of the Journal of Comparative Physiology A continues the journal’s tradition of recognizing pioneering neuroethologists by honoring Peter M. Narins. A former Associate Editor of the Journal and an influential colleague to researchers worldwide, Peter has profou...

Influence of Demographic Factors on Presentation, Symptoms and Function in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral nerve entrapment disorder and a leading cause of pain, sensory disturbances, and functional impairment of the hand. Although carpal tunnel release (CTR) is an established treatment, the influence of demographi...