Vanderbilt University Medical Center

A multiomic atlas reveals distinct immune landscapes in preterm and term chronic placental inflammation

Chronic placental inflammation (CPI), an umbrella term encompassing chronic chorioamnionitis, chronic villitis, and chronic deciduitis, is associated with preterm birth (PTB), yet its cellular and molecular determinants across gestation remain poorly defined. Here, we constructed...

Epigenetic insights into extreme longevity in the world’s oldest terrestrial animal, Jonathan

Aldabra giant tortoises ( Aldabrachelys gigantea ) are exceptionally long-lived. We sequenced the genome and methylome of Jonathan, a 194-year-old Aldabra, to explore the molecular basis of his longevity. Relative to other giant tortoises ( A. gigantea and Chelonoidis abingdonii...

Prognostic implications of complications during VA-ECMO for cardiogenic shock

PURPOSE: Veno-arterial extracorporeal oxygenation (VA-ECMO) provides comprehensive cardiopulmonary support in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS), but may result in complications. While complications rates are known, their impact on risk of death remains largely unknown. METHODS...

Anticoagulation Treatment Response Among Phenotypic ESUS Clusters: Evidence From CASPR

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate treatment effect heterogeneity across phenotypic clusters of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke using causal inference methods. Methods From a retrospective, multicenter cohort of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke, we estimated the trea...

Cognitive performance before and after a one-week medication washout in early-stage Parkinson’s disease

Abstract Cognitive deficits are often present in early-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD) and may be differentially affected by dopaminergic therapy. Prior studies have relied on overnight OFF states, which may incompletely remove residual medication effects. Early-stage PD participa...

Integrating genetically predicted transcriptomic signatures with longitudinal real-world data for drug repurposing in Alzheimer’s disease

Drug repurposing offers a potential strategy to expand treatment options for conditions with limited therapies, but advancing repurposing candidates toward clinical implementation remains a challenge. Large-scale data, together with advanced genetic and epidemiological methods, m...

Ecological Momentary Assessment Reveals Greater Anxiety and Marked Instability of Urinary Urgency in Overactive Bladder

Abstract Introduction and Hypothesis Overactive bladder (OAB) is highly prevalent and frequently co-occurs with anxiety. Although cross-sectional studies associate anxiety and OAB symptoms, anxiety and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) vary in daily life. We applied ecological...

Assessing and Addressing Frailty in Candidates for Lung Transplantation: An ISHLT Consensus Statement.

The ISHLT Consensus document for the selection of lung transplant candidates recommends frailty assessment as part of a comprehensive candidacy evaluation. Missing from this and other recent consensus documents were practical recommendations on which frailty measures to consider...

Measuring Long-Term Outcomes After Degenerative Spine Surgery: Is It Time for Something New? A Smartphone-Based Analysis of 60 753 Days of Objective Mobility Data.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: PROMs. METHODS: . Linear mixed-effects models evaluated mobility changes, expressed as SD units relative to baseline. Likewise, correlations between mobility and PROMs were performed, including: Oswestry Disability Index, Neck Disability Index, Visual A...

Barrier immune memory is programmed by intestinal epithelial cell presentation of cytosol-delivered bacterial antigens

Intestinal epithelial cells can present antigen to CD4 T cells. Here the authors show that epithelial cells must present translocated bacterial antigen for local CD4 resident memory T cells to be established.

Conditional Mutant MAPT Overexpression in Neural Organoids Elicits Robust Tau Accumulation and Pathological Transcriptomic Responses

Abstract Modeling neurodegenerative conditions in neural organoids presents a potential complement to existing preclinical translation pipelines. Prior neural organoid models have generally relied on human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines containing disease-relevant all...

Integrated proteomics and metabolomics for predicting cardiometabolic risk in pregnant women living with HIV: current evidence and future directions

INTRODUCTION: Pregnant women living with HIV (PWLWH) experience cardiometabolic risk across pregnancy and postpartum, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), dyslipidemia, obesity, and later metabolic disease. This heterogenous bi...

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Role of Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Pediatric Patients Following Urinary Tract Infections: Technical Report

BACKGROUND: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) may be present in as many as 40% of children without known underlying neurogenic bladder or anatomic abnormalities in whom a first urinary tract infection (UTI) is diagnosed. This article reports on a technical review investigating the diag...

Intraoperative Goal-Directed Perfusion Improves Outcomes in Left Ventricular Assist Device Explant Heart Transplantation

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) explant heart transplantation represents a metabolically vulnerable population with an increased risk for renal failure and mortality. Oxygen extraction ratio (O 2 ER), which integrates oxygen delivery and tissue oxygen demand, may provide a...

Diagnostic yield and outcomes of hand surgery referrals to rheumatology

ABSTRACT Background: Hand and upper extremity complaints frequently prompt evaluation for systemic inflammatory conditions, leading surgeons to refer patients to rheumatology. However, referral patterns are highly variable and not standardized, and access to rheumatologic care is...

Exploratory integrative analysis of infant gut microbiome and metabolome suggests diet- and microbiome-derived metabolites associated with childhood asthma

Abstract Background Early-life gut microbiome composition has been linked to childhood asthma risk, but the metabolic pathways underlying this association remain unclear. Objective To integrate infant gut microbiome and metabolome data to identify pathways associated with asthma...

Standards for practical management of drug hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous drugs and proactive early allergy involvement before referral: A WAO Statement

Hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous therapies—including antibiotics, chemotherapeutics, biologics, anesthesia agents, and contrast media—pose significant challenges in acute care settings. These reactions often occur outside the purview of allergy specialists, leading to de...

Challenges in establishing epidemiological cut-off values for the Burkholderia cepacia complex

ABSTRACT The Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is comprised of 24 species of gram-negative bacteria that cause opportunistic infections. While antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) has historically been used to guide treatment for BCC infections, recent work highlighting pr...

Comparative effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors, and sulfonylureas on weight change among people with HIV: a real-world longitudinal cohort study

Obesity is common among people with HIV (PWH), yet evidence on weight loss with newer antidiabetic medications in this population is limited. We compared bodyweight change associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2)...

Single-cell atlas of transcriptomic vulnerability across brain disorders

Abstract Neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases impose a considerable societal and public health burden. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these highly complex conditions remains limited 1,2 . Here, to gain deeper insights into the aetiolo...