University of Pittsburgh

Development and validation of natural language processing pipelines to extract injury and surgery-related data elements from ACL reconstruction operative reports

BACKGROUND: Over 100,000 patients undergo ACLR each year in the United States, providing rich electronic medical record data to improve outcomes, but manual chart review can be time-consuming and expensive. Natural language processing (NLP) methods have been successfully used to...

Review of Particle Physics *

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,200 new measurements from 903 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and b...

Duration of Therapeutic Hypothermia After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Importance Therapeutic hypothermia is widely used for neuroprotection following cardiac arrest, but clinical trials have not consistently demonstrated improved neurological outcomes, and the optimal duration of cooling remains uncertain. Objective To determine the duration of the...

Online gendered violence and visibility in electoral autocracies: Evidence from multi-level elections in Türkiye

Abstract Online platforms have become indispensable tools for political candidates to gain visibility, particularly for female candidates in electoral autocracies who often lack access to traditional networks, party hierarchies, and media platforms. We argue that online visibilit...

Food Politics, Obesity, and the “Wicked Mess” We Are In

What led to the current obesity epidemic in the US and how it can be addressed are discussed by JAMA Senior Editor Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH, and Marion Nestle, PhD, MPH, Paulette Goddard Professor and professor emerita at New York University, for the Healthy Dialogue podcast.

Impaired but now diagnosable: Combining analytic frameworks for incorporating symptom weighting in the classification of full‐threshold and subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder

Abstract Individuals with subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often experience significant impairment yet face barriers to care (e.g., insurance denials and exclusion from clinical trials) due to strict Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM )–b...

Telemedicine Use in Primary Care for Children: 2019–2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We lack national data on the maturing clinical use of telemedicine (TM) in children’s primary care. This manuscript describes patterns of TM use for problem-based visits overall, across clinical domains, and associations of use with clinic visit volume....

Early versus late JAK-STAT–IFN signaling distinguishes no rejection from subclinical to clinical TCMR after liver transplantation

Subclinical rejection after liver transplantation precludes immunosuppression withdrawal despite normal clinical function. To better understand the immunobiology of early subclinical rejection, we performed longitudinal, multimodal immune profiling and single-cell RNA sequencing...

Nanocarrier-mediated targeting of chemotherapy-induced DPP4 enhances T cell infiltration and improves cancer immunochemotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment, yet its efficacy remains limited by a “cold” tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) characterized by poor T cell infiltration. Induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) improves T cell infiltration by promoting the release of T...

Bacteriophage inactivation to prevent carry-over in preclinical assays with mycobacteria

Abstract Background Bacteriophage carry-over, the continued lytic activity of residual phages after experimental sampling, poses a significant challenge in bacteriophage research, potentially skewing experimental results, particularly in the context of preclinical studies where p...

Effect of time to palliative epilepsy surgery on outcomes

Abstract Objective Epilepsy duration is a modifiable risk factor in the outcome of definitive epilepsy surgery; however, an analogous effect in palliative procedures has not been shown. We reviewed the Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Database data for an association between epilepsy d...

The miR-183/96/182 Cluster Regulates Trigeminal Ganglion Sensory Neurons’ Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection

Pathogen–host interaction plays key roles in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. The miR-183/96/182 cluster (miR-183C) is highly expressed in trigeminal ganglion (TG) sensory neurons (SNs) and modulates corneal response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection. To uncover th...

Clinical Meaningfulness and Improvement Thresholds of Myositis Core Set Measures: Association with Patient-Reported Outcomes

Objective The study aimed to evaluate the clinical meaningfulness and improvement thresholds of the myositis core set measures (CSMs) of disease activity in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), emphasizing associations with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Methods...

Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Dazukibart in Dermatomyositis: Combined Phase 2 Results from Double-blind and Open-Label Extension Studies

Objective To evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of dazukibart, a novel anti-interferon beta monoclonal antibody, in adults with moderate-to-severe dermatomyositis (DM). Methods Participants from two cohorts of DM (skin-predominant, SP and muscle-predominant, MP), completing a...

Aldose reductase as a regulator of ocular pathology: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Aldose reductase (AR), the rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway, converts glucose to sorbitol using NADPH and becomes markedly overactive under hyperglycemic conditions. Its widespread expression in ocular tissues links AR to numerous eye disorders through sorbitol accumula...