University of Pavia

Benchmarking generative AI tools for literature retrieval and summarization in genomic variant interpretation

Abstract Background Generative AI is increasingly used to extract structured information across domains, but its reliability in academic and clinical research, where precision and accuracy are essential, remains largely unexplored. This study evaluates the ability of Large Langua...

Hormone therapy ( HT ) in women with premature ovarian insufficiency or early menopause: Time to think of a new paradigm for healthy aging. A joint FIGO and IMS position paper

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and early menopause (EM) affect millions of women worldwide. Compared with normal menopause, they confer a longer duration of estrogen deficiency and are associated not only with a shorter lifespan, but with a reduced healthspan, owing to an...

Decoding the causes of ischemic stroke despite ongoing oral anticoagulation and their clinical impact: the ASPERA-R study

BACKGROUND: Oral anticoagulants (OACs), including vitamin K antagonists and direct OACs, reduce stroke risk in atrial fibrillation (AF), yet breakthrough ischemic stroke still occurs in 1-2% of patients annually despite adequate therapy. The mechanisms underlying these events rem...

Exploring the potential benefits of allergen immunotherapy beyond respiratory allergy

INTRODUCTION: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying treatment for IgE-mediated allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis and asthma, with established long-term clinical efficacy and immunological tolerance induction. AREAS COVERED: This review synthesiz...

Widespread thermophilization but weak link to climate warming in Europe’s summit plant communities

Abstract Recent changes in alpine vegetation are often attributed to climate warming, particularly community composition shifts towards more warmth-associated species, or thermophilization. Here we assess the link between thermophilization and warming across 53 European mountain...

Genomic catalogue of giant viruses reveals expanded diversity and functional potential

Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA and Mirusviricota viruses exhibit taxonomic richness which continually expands due to metagenomic sequencing. Here we curate a database of giant virus metagenome-assembled genomes (GVMAGs V2), comprising 8,508 species-level representatives from 18,727...

MicroRNA Signature in Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Frontotemporal Dementia

Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease that shares numerous clinical features with other forms of dementia. In this context, non-coding RNAs, specifically microRNAs (miRNAs), represent a promising tool for differential diagnosis. Since these miRN...

Mantle heterogeneity drives spreading center dynamics at Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge

The Mohns and Knipovich mid-ocean ridges in the Arctic Ocean are ideal settings to investigate the dynamics of spreading centers, being the region affected by intricate interplays between oblique plate kinematics and curved plate boundary geometry. Furthermore, significant mantle...

Digitalization in Sustainability Reporting and Text Attributes of Non‐Financial Disclosure: Evidence From Italian Listed Companies

ABSTRACT Recent regulatory initiatives, including the EU Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), are reinforcing the demand for more structured, transparent, and accessible sustainability reporting. However, empirical evidence on how digital tools influence the narra...

SIOOT® Adjunct Oxygen-Ozone Therapy Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: A Pilot Study of 257 Cases

Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the greatest challenges to modern medicine, particularly in chronic infections sustained by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and biofilm formation. SIOOT® Oxygen–ozone major autohemotherapy (SIOOT®-O2-O3-M...

When the Law Changes Therapy: Interrupted Time-Series Analysis of the Regulatory Impact on Intravenous Analgesic Consumption in 2 Italian Orthopaedic Hospitals (2021-2024)

Objectives: Tramadol is a centrally acting weak opioid widely used for moderate postoperative pain in orthopaedic surgery, so its regulatory status is directly relevant to hospital pharmacists. In November 2022 the Italian Ministry of Health reclassified tramadol as a controlled...

Healing Following Endoscopic Reconstruction of the Anterior Skull Base in Patients With Sinonasal Malignancies

ABSTRACT Background Healing dynamics after anterior skull base (ASB) reconstruction following transnasal endoscopic surgery (TES) for sinonasal malignancies remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to describe the postoperative healing process, quantify time to healing, iden...

MolecularStriptease of a Thiadiazolopyrimidine HitYields a Streamlined, Artifact-Free NADPH Mimic for NOX Inhibition

Abstract The convergence of oxidative stress and inflammation drives neurodegeneration and cancer, positioning NADPH oxidases (NOXs) as critical therapeutic targets. Starting from the polyfunctional thiadiazolopyrimidine hit 1, we systematically truncated its peripheral arms to m...

Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation in patients affected by Graves’ disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Introduction Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation (U-GTA) techniques, including radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA), have recently been proposed as minimally invasive alternatives to surgery or radioiodine (RAI) therapy for patients with Graves’ dise...

Operation Melilli, forensic humanitarian medico legal activities on the largest known Mediterranean disaster: the shipwreck of April 18th, 2015

On April 18th, 2015, a boat carrying about 1,000 migrants sank in the Strait of Sicily, prompting one of the most complex recovery missions ever conducted in the Mediterranean. Operation Melilli was the first time a European Government authorized the recovery of a sunken migrant...

Too warm to play: temperature selectively constrains social behaviour in the Alpine marmot, Marmota marmota

Temperature is an important abiotic factor constraining animal physiology, yet its impact on social dynamics remains largely unexplored in wild endotherms. Here, we investigated the effect of temperature on social interactions of Alpine marmots, a cooperative breeder highly adapt...

Does an Unconventional Source with a High Silica Content (Obsidian) or a High Alumina Content (Bauxite) Affect the Type of Potassium Zeolite Formation? Preliminary Data on Synthetic Products’ Efficiency in Ammonium Removal

In this paper, obsidian (OS) and bauxite (BX) are used to synthesize zeolites via KOH prefusion, followed by a conventional hydrothermal process (HY) or an unconventional vapor-phase crystallization method (VPC) at 90 °C. The results indicate that, due to their chemical and miner...

Visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio is a time-stable predictor of survival and toxicity in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract Purpose Nutritional status significantly impacts the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Computed tomography (CT) has become a key tool for assessing body composition (BC), with abnormal patterns increasingly linked to reduced survival. However, BC...

Acoustic Vases in Europe: A Review of Documentation, Approaches, Measurement Methodologies, and Preliminary Proposal for a Methodological Framework

Research on acoustic vases embedded in historical buildings has progressively developed through archaeology, architectural history, and acoustics, producing extensive documentation on their distribution, geometry, installation and possible acoustic role, with experimental evidenc...

Controlled-rail brachistochrones in non-stationary spacetimes: conformal symmetry, Kodama energy, and Vaidya dynamics

What is the fastest constrained worldline in a spacetime that is itself evolving? In a stationary spacetime the relativistic brachistochrone reduces to Fermat/Randers optics with a conserved rail energy supplied by a timelike Killing vector; in a dynamical spacetime no such conse...