University of Oxford

Sex Disparities in Clinical Need, Willingness, and Surgeon Recommendations for Total Knee Arthroplasty

Objectives Sex disparities exist in the receipt of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis (OA), with females disproportionately less likely to undergo surgery. Understanding the reasons for this gap is critical for equitable health care delivery. Lower willingness to un...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are associated with improved 90-day outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty

Aims Obesity and diabetes are risk factors for developing osteoarthritis and associated with worse outcomes following total hip (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1as) improve glycaemic control and promote weight loss. The aim...

Unpacking the Comparator: Mapping “Usual Care” in Non-Surgical Knee OA Trials

Objectives “Usual care” is a common comparator in randomized trials (RCTs) evaluating interventions for knee osteoarthritis (OA), but it lacks a standardized definition. This scoping review aimed to systematically map how usual care has been defined and reported in knee OA RCTs,...

Infants use physical size, but not prior possession, to predict conflict outcomes, and do not prefer prior possessors over contenders

Ownership is a pervasive feature of human social life, yet its developmental origins remain unknown. One influential proposal is that human ownership psychology is built on an early-developing and evolutionary ancient sensitivity to first possession: Across species, conflicts ove...

Menopause and Alzheimer’s disease: can hormone replacement therapy modify the risk? A narrative review

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) prevalence and lifetime risk are higher in women than men. This led to the hypothesis that menopause, with its associated changes in female hormone homoeostasis, may be an AD risk factor modifiable by hormone replacement therapy (HRT). However, HRT is not...

Iron deficiency testing among people with incident heart failure in primary care

Background Given around 50% of people with heart failure have a degree of iron deficiency, guidelines recommend screening. It is uncertain to what extent this is done in primary care and whether testing is equitable. Aim To report the proportion of people with incident heart fail...