University of Kentucky

Seed treatment of dent and sweet corn with alginate nanoemulsions of lemongrass essential oil against Fusarium graminearum and Pythium sylvaticum

Seed treatments are widely used to protect seeds from pathogens during germination and early seedling development. Although essential oil-based nanoemulsions have been investigated under in vitro conditions, their performance as seed treatments and their effects on seed physiolog...

Ebselen Inactivates Essential Mycoplasmopsis bovis Proteins

Abstract Mycoplasmopsis bovis contributes to a variety of infectious diseases in cattle that limit meat and milk production, motivating significant antimicrobial use to prevent animal and economic loss. Currently approved antimicrobial treatments for M. bovis are ineffective or b...

Mitochondrial carrier SLC25A34 links clock, diet, and temperature control of adipocyte lipid cycling

Adipocyte lipid metabolism is coordinated by circadian rhythms, diet, and environmental temperature, but how these diverse signals are molecularly integrated remains unknown. We showed that these cues converge on the orphan mitochondrial transporter SLC25A34 to orchestrate lipid...

Safe, Satisfied, and Home Early: Patient-Reported Outcomes of Next-Day Discharge Following Posterior Spinal Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

BACKGROUND: Enhanced recovery pathways have enabled shorter hospitalizations following posterior spinal instrumented fusion (PSIF) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), including next-day discharge (NDD). Although NDD has demonstrated favorable safety outcomes, its impact on...

185. Influence of Ruminal or Postruminal 5-hydroxytryptophan Administration on Serotonin Metabolism and Arterial Hemodynamics in Growing Beef Steers.

Abstract Serotonin is synthesized from tryptophan through hydroxylation and decarboxylation reactions, with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) serving as the immediate precursor. Because 5-HTP bypasses the rate-limiting step of serotonin synthesis, it has been used to experimentally inc...

PS7-14. Saddle to STEM: Training Agricultural Educators to Harness Horse Genetics as a Gateway to Science Engagement.

Abstract Early, community-based exposure to STEM disciplines has a critical role in fostering sustained engagement and guiding students toward science-related education and careers. Non-formal educational approaches including extension programs, community initiatives, and experie...

The Endogenous Metabolite Hypochlorite Activates Indoleamine 2,3‐Dioxygenase‐1 for Catalysis: Functional and Mechanistic Implications

ABSTRACT Indolamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO1) catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of l ‐tryptophan ( l ‐Trp) to N′ ‐formyl‐ l ‐kynurenine ( l ‐NFK). The generally used in vitro assay for probing IDO1 activity relies on ascorbic acid and synthetic methylene blue to initiate the reaction...

Effects of Repeated Short-Duration Heating Cycles on Survival of Soilborne Plant Pathogens

Soil solarization is a nonchemical management tactic for soilborne plant pathogens. However, its effectiveness in temperate regions can be inconsistent because soil temperatures are elevated for short periods each day. Most solarization studies emphasize cumulative thermal thresh...

Lessons Learned From Implementation of a Jail-Based Naloxone Vending Machine

To address postrelease overdose risk, a large urban county jail implemented an automated naloxone vending machine to provide no-cost, low-barrier naloxone at discharge. Through carceral and public health collaboration, staff installed a custom vending machine in the jail’s discha...

Mitigating the Impact of Interruptions on Financial Decisions: The Roles of Alternative Mindfulness Practices and Motivation Quality

Objectives Financial well-being requires appropriate risk choices. We investigated the effects of alternative mindfulness practices and task motivation quality on financial risk-taking. Method We explored these issues in four studies: (1) examining the effects of interruptions on...

Platform differences in live-streaming commerce: The Role of task-technology fit and social-technology fit in driving consumer engagement and purchase decisions

Live-streaming commerce (LSC) combines online shopping with real-time social interaction, but consumer responses may vary across host platforms. Drawing on Uses and Gratifications as a motivational backdrop and Apparatgeist as a contextual lens, this study treats Task-Technology...

Distinct inflammatory marker profiles of adolescents and young adults among the HIV risk, infection, and treatment spectrum

Abstract Youth living with or at HIV-risk exhibit distinct immune perturbations during HIV exposure, infection, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Understanding immune perturbations is critical for development of tailored prevention and enhanced therapeutic strategies. We performe...

On-package claims are imperfect signals of overall nutritional quality

Abstract On-package claims, including Minus, Plus, Natural and Functional claims, are widely used to communicate nutritional or health-related benefits. Using data on newly launched US food and beverage products from the Mintel Global New Products Database and the UK nutrient pro...

Cardiovascular and functional outcomes of glucagon-like peptide−1 receptor agonists in heart failure with preserved or mildly reduced ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Heart failure with preserved (HFpEF) or mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) accounts for more than half of heart failure (HF) cases and is strongly associated with obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Glucagon-like peptide−1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) provide cardiometabolic...

The nucleoside analog kamuvudine-9 shows protective and therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis

Innate immune signaling through inflammasome activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We previously demonstrated that nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), drugs approved to treat HIV and hepatitis B virus infections, and kamuv...

A Scandian pressure-temperature path for the northern Moine Nappe, Scotland

The Northern Highlands Terrane in northwestern Scotland preserves a polyphase metamorphic history dominated by Scandian (435-415 Ma) tectonism. Phase equilibria modeling, major and trace element compositions in metamorphic phases, and textural observations are used to construct a...

Rural Family Physicians in Patient Centered Medical Homes Have a Broader Scope of Practice

Overview Rural family physicians often have a broader scope of practice, defined as the range of clinical and procedural services that they provide, than urban family physicians. The Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model of care is intended to provide accessible and comprehe...

Rural/Urban Disparities in Pneumococcal Vaccine Service Delivery Among the Fee-for-Service Medicare Population

Overview of Key Findings In 2014, the overall mean vaccination rate in urban areas was 4.66 compared to a mean vaccination rate of 2.81 in rural areas, indicating a 40% lower mean vaccination rate in rural communities. The majority of pneumococcal vaccine services delivered to fe...

Update: Rural/Urban Disparities in Pneumococcal Vaccine Service Delivery Among the Fee-for-Service Medicare Population, 2012-2015

Overview of Key Findings Between 2014 and 2015, the number of pneumococcal vaccine services delivered to fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare beneficiaries increased by 380% as a result of uptake of PCV13 vaccine. Continued disparities in delivery of pneumococcal vaccine services to FF...

Rural/Urban Disparities in Utilization of Medical Nutrition Therapy to the Fee-for-Service Medicare Population

Overview of Key Findings In 2016, 21.8% of the fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare population resided in a rural county, but only 3.7% of enrollees residing in a county with utilization of Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) services were rural county residents. Utilization of MNT service...