University of Iowa

TEAM (Teacher Empowered Assessment Movement): A Teacher-Led Ecosystem Framework of Generative AI Agents for Adaptive Learning — An English-language technical report of Research Project No. 2025-1-09

This is an English-language technical report of a study reported in full, in Korean, as Research Project No. 2025-1-09 under Korea's Educational Development Special Zone — Digital Education Innovation Project. It introduces no data, analysis, or claim absent from the Korean repor...

Pilot Study: Zwitterionic Conditioning of the Decompressive Craniectomy Site for Early Cranioplasty Feasibility

Background: Early cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy (DC) for moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) improves functional recovery. However, patient candidacy is limited by persistent brain swelling, soft-tissue inflammation, and fibrotic wound remodeling. Zwitt...

Through the Eyes of Psychiatrists: Mental Health Services in Iraq– A Qualitative Study

Background: Iraq has considerable challenges in delivering mental health services. The country has been in years of conflict and war. These events have taken a severe toll on the mental health of its people. Aims: This study aimed to explore psychiatrists' views on public mental...

Military Sexual Trauma and Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Military sexual trauma (MST) poses a significant public health concern within military populations, with enduring health consequences including the development of eating disorders (EDs). This review synthesizes existing literature to explore the association between MST and EDs am...

Polypharmacy and Self-Reported Tooth Clenching: An Electronic Health Record Analysis

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) medications, particularly antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs], serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRIs]), stimulants for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and antipsychotics, are co...

Transcriptomic shift in ethanol and amino acid metabolic genes regulated by Med15 during alcoholic fermentation

Abstract Organisms that thrive in extreme environments provide natural experiments in evolution, revealing the genetic regulators that orchestrate complex phenotypic change. Wine yeast are specialized strains that are adapted to survive in the wine making environment while produc...

Statins Use in Veterans With Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights From the PEARLS Study

BACKGROUND: Guidelines recommend high-intensity statins in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). We examined contemporary use of statins among real-world patients with a new diagnosis of PAD. METHODS: Within a national registry of Veterans with incident PAD, we used phar...

Beyond Hand Skills: A Case Analysis of Empathy and Critical Thinking Instruction

Background In addition to scientific knowledge and technical proficiency, the compassionate care model of oral health care requires clinicians to develop and reliably demonstrate the skills of empathy and critical thinking. The benefits of these skills have been well documented a...

From Policy to Personal Wellness: Identifying Health Journalism Beats by Specialty Topic and Journalist Characteristics

Health journalists provide essential, verified information on a range of topics including wellness, medical research, health policy, and health business. We conducted a national online survey of US health journalists (N = 629) to investigate how occupational practices and percept...

Superlarge-Bore Versus Large-Bore Aspiration Catheters in Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Multicenter Propensity-Matched Analysis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Aspiration catheters are an integral component of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Following early series demonstrating increasing procedural efficiency and improved outcomes with use of large-bore (LB) aspiration catheters, ther...

Virtues and Narratives in Medicine: An Analysis and Collection of Virtue-Illustrating Stories in Medical Journals

This paper draws from a framework of virtue ethics and narrative medicine to present a content analysis and teaching resource of virtue-illustrating stories found in medical journals. As acquired dispositions, virtues are cultivated not merely by listening to lectures but through...

Plateau Pressure Exceeding Peak Inspiratory Pressure During Pressure Mode Ventilation With Active Inspiratory Effort

Background In patients receiving pressure modes of mechanical ventilation, plateau pressure can be higher than peak inspiratory pressure when the patient has a strong drive to breathe. This report provides comprehensive evidence to support this observation. Methods Peak inspirato...

Cycle-by-cycle respiration waveforms are coupled with the shape of neural oscillations

Abstract Beyond sustaining life, breathing is a vital physiological rhythm that shapes cognition, perception, emotional regulation, and mental health. Breathing has a direct effect on neuronal excitability and is coupled to neural oscillations across a variety of brain regions. N...

Why Faculty “Fail to Fail”: A Study of US Dental School Faculty Perceptions About Assigning Failing Ratings and Grades

PURPOSE: The "failure to fail" phenomenon, faculty reluctance to assign failing grades to underperforming learners, poses persistent challenges in health professions education. This study examines the prevalence, contributing factors, and contextual patterns of this phenomenon in...

Us versus them: Ethnic inequality, diversionary nationalism, and international conflict

How does political inequality among ethnic groups motivate governments to engage in international conflicts? Previous research suggests that ethnic political inequality leads to internal instability and civil conflict. Nevertheless, the impact of such political inequality on inte...

Intestinal fructose catabolism promotes obesity and insulin resistance via ileal lacteal remodeling

High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) consumption is a risk factor for obesity and diabetes, yet the underlying mechanisms, especially at the specific organ level, are incompletely understood. Catabolism of dietary fructose primarily occurs in the small intestine and liver, with fructo...

Satisfaction of search: evidence of premature termination in a naturalistic image inspection task

Abstract In radiology and in traditional visual search tasks, the detection of a first target in an image tends to impair the detection of additional targets, a phenomenon termed satisfaction of search (SOS) or subsequent search misses . The original explanation for SOS focused o...

The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Youth’s Mental Health: What is the Role of Family Resilience?

Abstract Given that many adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are family-contextual and that family processes shape youth mental health, the current study examined the role of family resilience in the relationship between ACEs and major mental health outcomes among youth aged 6–1...

Full-covariance chemical Langevin predator–prey diffusion with absorbing boundaries

Abstract Many stochastic predator–prey models introduce independent diagonal noise at the stochastic level. Such formulations are useful phenomenological models, but they do not explicitly encode the event-level coupling created by predation and biomass conversion. We derive an a...

Turns and downturns in aging drivers

As cognitive decline progresses, older adults may self-regulate their driving. Avoidance of left turns across traffic is observable in naturalistic driving data but rarely self-reported. We studied 106 older adults using baseline and one-year follow-up neuropsychological assessme...