University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

1200 lines/mm Gold-Coated pulse compression grating for 850–970 nm

The structural parameters and spectral performance of the pulse compression gratings are directly related to the design and output quality of high-power laser systems. In this paper, for the gold-coated gratings applicable to the 850–970 nm wavelength range, the effects of variat...

An All-Weather Land Precipitable Water Vapor Retrieval Method Integrating Physical Constraints and Machine Learning

Atmospheric precipitable water vapor (PWV) is an essential geophysical parameter for weather forecasting, climate change research and hydrological studies. Spaceborne passive microwave sensors support all-weather PWV observation, yet accurate retrieval of land PWV still faces gre...

Service-continuity-oriented assessment and closed-loop governance of compound flood-season risk at a piedmont hospital in Beijing

Abstract Healthcare facilities in piedmont transition zones can be exposed simultaneously to slope instability, hillslope runoff, local waterlogging, access disruption, and lifeline failures during extreme rainfall. This study examines a specialized kidney hospital in Beijing and...

A giant Jurassic hunter: the earliest dipluran and its implications for hexapod body pattern evolution

Abstract Hexapoda comprises the hyperdiverse insects and three cryptic, early-diverging lineages, Protura, Collembola, and Diplura, that are key to understanding the hexapod body pattern but remain extremely rare as fossils. Here, we report the earliest dipluran, Sinojapyx gigant...

Neonatal overfeeding accelerates age-related sarcopenia and metabolic disorders through lifelong gut mucosa and microbiota programming in mice

Early-life nutrition shapes lifelong health, yet the long-term consequences of childhood overnutrition, particularly on musculoskeletal aging, remain unclear. Here, we show that neonatal overfeeding acts as a developmental insult that accelerates age-related sarcopenia in both se...

A global spatiotemporal ionospheric prediction model based on a time–frequency mixture-of-experts mechanism

Spatiotemporal Observer (ST-Observer) is a recently proposed spatiotemporal prediction framework grounded in dynamical system theory, which outperforms many spatiotemporal prediction models on three publicly available datasets. However, through careful analysis, we found that its...

Toward reliable thermoacoustic power generation: an efficient elastic-membrane-free U-tube liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator under acoustic driving

Thermoacoustically-driven liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generators (LMHDGs) are attractive for reliable power generation in extreme environments. However, this advantage is fundamentally undermined by the common use of elastic membranes to stabilize the gas-liquid interface. E...

An Innovative Approach for Estimating Coseismic Surface Uplifts Using Ionospheric Observations From Remote GNSS Stations: First Application for the 2025 Myanmar Earthquake

Abstract The M w 7.7 Myanmar earthquake on 28 March 2025 ruptured ∼480 km of the Sagaing Fault. Its fault slip distribution remains poorly constrained by three‐dimensional surface displacement data due to sparse GNSS‐coverage near the fault. Satellite‐based synthetic aperture rad...

What kind of innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem is conducive to the growth of unicorn enterprises? – A dynamic fsQCA analysis

The innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem provides indispensable growth momentum for unicorn enterprises through the coupling and synergistic evolution of talent, technology, capital, and markets. To deconstruct the driving paths of different ecosystems on unicorn growth, thi...

A non-biomineralized trilobitomorph euarthropod (Helmetiida) with appendicular morphology from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota, China

Abstract Helmetiida is a major group of Trilobitomorpha and Artiopoda known from Cambrian Burgess Shale-type Lagerstätten. Phylogenetic studies have suggested that they are closely related to trilobites as their possible sister taxon. With seven genera and eight species, Helmetii...

MIMAS: An open-source microlens-array miniature microscope for accessible large-field cortical imaging in freely behaving mice

Large-scale cortical dynamics during natural behavior are difficult to measure because head-mounted imaging systems must balance field of view, spatial resolution, weight, and optical complexity. Existing wide-field miniature microscopes often rely on compound or custom-corrected...

Perturbative Variational Quantum Eigensolver via Reduced Density Matrices

Abstract Current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices remain limited in their ability to perform accurate quantum chemistry simulations because of restricted numbers of high-fidelity qubits and short coherence times. To overcome these challenges, we introduce a reduced...

Machine Learning‐Assisted Prediction and Analysis of Viscosity and Fusion Characteristics for Coal and Biomass Ash

ABSTRACT Coal and biomass are important solid fuels, and the viscosity and fusion temperature of their ash have a significant impact on the stable operation of entrained‐flow gasifiers with liquid slag discharge. In this study, separate machine learning (ML) models were developed...

A 256-year daily rainfall record reveals multiscale rainy-season variability and emerging hydroclimatic hazard over northern East Asia

Monsoon rainy seasons shape water supply and flood hazard across northern East Asia, but their long-term variability remains poorly understood because few daily rainfall records extend beyond the instrumental era. Here, we reconstruct rainy-season onset, retreat, and duration fro...

Network-guided synthesis of antagonistic microbiota for suppressing maize stalk rot disease.

Plant-associated microbiomes play a crucial role in sustaining host health and fitness, but how pathogen invasion reshapes microbial interaction networks and how to leverage this for developing effective biocontrol strategies remain poorly understood. This study investigated the...

Plug-and-Play Dramaturge: A Divide-and-Conquer Approach for Iterative Narrative Script Refinement via Collaborative LLM Agents

Although LLMs have been widely adopted for creative content generation, a single-pass process often struggles to produce high-quality long narratives. How to effectively revise and improve long narrative scripts like scriptwriters remains a significant challenge, as it demands a...

Injective attention neural operators for partial differential equations on large-scale problems

Partial differential equations (PDEs) play a central role in modeling physical phenomena across science and engineering, including fluid dynamics, solid mechanics, electromagnetics, and multiphysics systems. Repeatedly solving PDEs over varying inputs, geometries, and parameters...

Unraveling the Dynamics and Driving Forces of Desert and Riparian Vegetation in the Lower Reaches of a Typical Inland River Basin, Northwestern China

The lower reaches of inland river basins in northwestern China are highly vulnerable to water scarcity, ecological degradation, and climate change, yet vegetation responses and their environmental controls remain poorly understood. Using the terminal delta of the Heihe River basi...

Solid-state NMR insight into cation-modulated network structure and chemical durability of phosphate nuclear waste glasses

Phosphate glasses are extensively explored for nuclear waste vitrification. However, a full, systematic understanding of the mechanisms controlling their chemical durability is still lacking. Based on the similar ionic radii and matching valence states of Zn 2+ /Ga 3+ and Fe 2+ /...

Direction-aware structural and semantic alignment for SAR-optical image matching

Cross-modal image matching between synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical images is an essential task for applications such as change detection and scene understanding. However, it remains challenging due to significant structural distortions and semantic inconsistencies aris...