University of California System

Observation of Weak Driving-Force Dependence of Hydride Formation with Iron Carbonyl Clusters

Abstract Metal-hydride formation reactions are common elementary reactions in catalytic systems, including fuel formation and organic transformations. Here, metal-hydride formation rates with metal carbonyl clusters [Fe4N(CO)12]− and [Fe5N(CO)15]− were determined in MeCN and aque...

Measuring Sunscreen Reflectance and White Cast Using an In Vitro Skin Tone Model

Sunscreen white cast is a visible whitening on skin caused by light scattering from sunscreen films and is one of the primary reasons consumers underapply sunscreen below the 2 mg/cm2 thickness required to achieve labeled SPF. Existing methods for quantifying white cast rely on i...

Dissipative Quantum Algorithms for Excited-State Quantum Chemistry

Abstract Electronic excited states are central to a vast array of physical and chemical phenomena, yet accurate and efficient methods for preparing them on quantum devices remain challenging and are comparatively underexplored. We introduce a general dissipative algorithm for sel...

Synthesis, Evaluation, and Context for Applications of SF5-Containing [1.1.1]Bicyclopentane and [ 2 ]Staffane “Hybrid Bioisosteres”

Abstract Bioisosteric replacements are conventionally applied as single-variable changes to a parent molecule during drug discovery campaigns. Herein, we evaluate hybrid bioisosteric replacements as strategic combinations of multiple substitutions that counterbalance the physicoc...

Association of Income with Enucleation Likelihood and Survival in Uveal Melanoma

PURPOSE: Prior research has demonstrated that lower socio-economic status is associated with inferior cancer survival. Little is known about the associations between income and treatment choice or survival in uveal melanoma (UM). We investigate the effects of county-level income...

Formation of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines from the Atmospheric Aging of Nicotine in E-Cigarette Aerosols

Abstract The atmospheric aging of nicotine-containing e-cigarette aerosols in the presence of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) may significantly alter their chemical composition and toxicological properties. However, the chemical transformation of nicotine within the complex...

At the Edge of Stability: the Unexpected Isolation of an f-Element Triphenylphosphine Complex

Abstract While PPh3 is a dominant ligand in transition-metal chemistry, it is completely absent in rare-earth and actinide structural chemistry. The open coordination site and high Lewis acidity of (CpSiMe3)3U are leveraged to generate the first structurally characterized PPh3 co...

Co-design of a digital health intervention to provide pharmacy-based, person-centered contraceptive decision support for youth in Kenya

Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW; age 15–24 years) face intersectional barriers to undesired pregnancy prevention, with profound health consequences. Community pharmacies remain a relatively untapped opportunity to improve the reach and quality of contraceptive care for you...

Metagenomic Deep Sequencing Identifies Gene Mutations Associated with Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Purpose To identify gene mutations associated with chemotherapeutic resistance in patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) using metagenomic deep sequencing (MDS) of intraocular specimens.Methods Patients with VRL confirmed by cytopathology and immunohistochemistry, flow cytome...

A systematic review of ultrasound to predict severe disease in patients with dengue and other viral infections associated with hemorrhagic fevers

Background Viral infections associated with hemorrhagic fevers (VaHFs) cause millions of cases each year across a broad geography with severity ranging from asymptomatic cases to clinical disease with a high case fatality rate. Commonalities in pathophysiology across VaHFs includ...

Pancreatic Cancer Screening and Early Detection: Where Are We Now?

Screening for pancreatic cancer with imaging techniques in high-risk individuals—including patients with a genetic predisposition, a family history, or precursor lesions—is critical for improving early detection and survival outcomes, and multimodal strategies that integrate AI-e...

An AI-Based Whole-Person Care Summarization Tool for Care Management Providers

To provide effective care and support to patients with complex medical and social needs, providers must have synthesized whole-person insights on their health-related social needs (HRSN). Often, the only sources of these insights are large numbers of unstructured data coming from...

Immunomodulation of the Innate Host Response by Mesenchymal-Derived Versican during Influenza A Virus Infection

Viral and bacterial lung infections place a significant burden on public health. Versican, an extracellular matrix (ECM) chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, coordinates the innate immune response in multiple experimental models. Versican’s potential as an immunomodulatory molecule...

She Plans, They Party: Gender and Non-Core Job Tasks in High-Tech Firms

Women employees spend more time performing tasks outside their core job description than their male colleagues, yet the nature of these non-core job tasks and their differing impact on perceived promotability is unclear. Through 32 in-depth interviews with women and gender minori...

Tuning the Activation Barrier for Oxygen Exchange on Mixed Conducting Oxide with Fine Control of Transition Metal Impurities

Abstract The energy barrier for oxygen exchange at the surface of mixed conducting oxides is a multifactor term that remains difficult to predict with existing models. Here, we describe an experimental approach to fine-tune this barrier on Pr0.1Ce0.9O2-δ used as a model mixed con...

Design is in the details: a scoping review of human-scale physical design interventions’ impacts on active travel behaviour

Most studies on the built environment and travel nexus measure the built environment at the city-region or neighbourhood levels and overlook human-scale design, which tends to have outsized effects on active travel. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review of empirical...

Prioritizing Global Health Education in Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowships: An Applicant Survey

Abstract Background Global Health (GH) is expanding, offering an increasing number of opportunities for engagement to trainees in medical schools and residency programs. This expansion of opportunities has not yet reached those at the fellowship level, particularly in Critical Ca...

Engineered Orthogonal Translation Systems from Metagenomic Libraries Expand the Genetic Code

Abstract Genetic code expansion with noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) opens new opportunities for the design and engineering of proteins by broadening their chemical repertoire. Unfortunately, ncAA incorporation into proteins is limited both by a small collection of orthogonal am...

Utilization of Carbon Fiber Spinal Instrumentation in Primary Spinal Tumors: Outcome Analysis from the AO Spine Primary Tumor Research and Outcomes Network

Background The use of carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) instrumentation in spinal surgery has emerged as an alternative to traditional titanium-based implants in recent years. This study aims to evaluate the use and performance of carbon fiber instrumentatio...

Automated Multimodal Correlative Registration for Organelle-Specific Elemental and Isotopic Imaging

Abstract Mapping the subcellular partitioning of therapeutics is important for understanding their trafficking, mechanisms of action, and off-target effects. NanoSIMS provides chemical images of labeled therapeutics, but assigning these signals to cellular structures requires cor...