University of California San Diego

Tijuana river pollution crisis: health symptoms and environmental perceptions from the Healthy Water Healthy Air Study

Untreated sewage, industrial waste, and urban runoff carried by the Tijuana River from Mexico into the U.S. has created a longstanding transboundary environmental crisis. This pollution significantly intensified in July 2024, with border community members reporting noxious odors...

Surgical Management of Young Women with High-Risk Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy on the I-SPY2 Trial

BACKGROUND: Mastectomy rates in women with breast cancer are higher in younger women than in older women. The impact of this more extensive surgery on overall survival (OS) and locoregional recurrence in younger women is unknown, especially after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST...

A Melanoma Transplanted in Nude Mice Has Both Host‐ and Tumor‐Derived Blood Vessel‐ and Nerve‐Like Structures

Nestin-expressing stem cells located in the bulge area of the hair follicle can give rise to multiple cell types. In the present study, we subcutaneously transplanted red fluorescent protein (RFP)-labeled SK-MEL-5 human melanoma cells into nestin-driven green fluorescent protein...

Topical Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis: What is New and the New Paradigm.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that requires a complex management strategy, which often involves multiple and diverse topicals and systemic treatment regimens. While topical steroids and more recently calcineurin inhibitors have been the mainstay t...

Changes in adult cannabis use patterns following retail availability in California (2017 to 2024)

Abstract Background California was among the earliest U.S. states to legalize non-medical cannabis use by adults, with retail availability beginning January 1, 2018. This study describes changes in cannabis use prevalence, frequency, and methods among adults in California from 20...

Real-world use of large language models for mental health in 2024

The extent to which people use general-purpose large language models (LLMs) for their mental health is unknown. Information about use patterns is important for clinicians, developers, and regulators. We surveyed U.S. adults ( n = 1871) between August and October 2024 using strati...

Expedited research and approval of medicines for drug-resistant bacterial infections in children.

Multidrug-resistant pathogens cause severe infections with substantial morbidity and mortality in neonates, infants and children, as they do in adults. However, the approval of therapies for multidrug-resistant infections in paediatric patients often lags years behind approval fo...

Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a form of home dialysis that is underutilized in the United States. Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are frequently good PD candidates who are often young and have few comorbid conditions. However, clinicia...

Machine learning analysis of the human initiator region reveals key features of different types of core promoters

The initiator (Inr) is the starting point for the transcription of many genes. Here, we generated highly predictive machine learning models of the human Inr region, and determined that the Inr is present in ∼60% of focused human promoters, identified a novel TATA-specific Inr, an...