University of Arizona

Provider-Identified strategies to address homelessness in Arizona: a summary of strategies, evidence, and impact

Few sources have reviewed the state of the evidence on commonly implemented and emerging strategies to prevent and respond to homelessness in the United States. We conducted focus groups with 58 homeless service providers and administrators across Arizona about strategies used to...

Development of a Tool to Assess Competency in Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction Via Endobronchial Valve Placement

RATIONALE: Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) is an established treatment option for severe emphysema, improving lung function and quality of life. Despite its growing use, there are no standardized, validated tools to assess operator competency in performing BLVR, limiti...

Host DNA repair factors empower a mechanism of antiviral nucleoside analog resistance

ABSTRACT How host functions affect resistance to antiviral drugs is poorly understood. Ganciclovir, a chain-terminating nucleoside analog, is a first-line therapy against human cytomegalovirus, a widespread herpesvirus that causes life-threatening disease in immunocompromised ind...

Ryugu and Bennu preserve primordial isotopic heterogeneity absent from the meteorite record

Ivuna-type (CI) carbonaceous chondrites are commonly used as proxies for the composition of the planet-forming disk because their chemical abundances resemble those of the solar photosphere. However, their isotopic uniformity may reflect pervasive alteration and isotopic averagin...

SynCellNet: generative AI framework for single-cell RNA sequencing data generation and validation

Generative AI plays a pivotal role in addressing the challenges of data scarcity and class imbalance in single-cell transcriptomics. In this work, we present SynCellNet, a generative AI technique for synthesis of single-cell gene expression profiles. SynCellNet can be used to enr...

Breaking voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy–magnetoresistance trade-off for ultralow-energy switching in magnetic tunnel junctions

Electric-field control of spin states offers a promising route to ultralow-power, ultrafast magnetization switching in spintronic devices such as magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). However, enhancing voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) through interfacial engineering oft...

Electron Shot Noise on a Current Biased Antenna

Abstract The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Fields Experiment (FIELDS) uses Radio Frequency Spectrometer (RFS) data and Quasi‐Thermal Noise Spectroscopy (QTN) to determine the temperature and density of electrons in the heliosphere. The FIELDS antennas typically operate with a negative...

Does plastic waste present an infection hazard? Current evidence, surveillance challenges and research priorities

Abstract Unmanaged plastic waste is widespread in settings with limited waste collection, yet its contribution to infectious disease risk remains poorly understood. In this review, we synthesise current evidence on the human health implications of plastic waste, with a specific f...

Inventories of Rich Carbon-Chain Chemistry in Prestellar and Starless Cores in the Perseus Molecular Cloud

Abstract Carbon-chain molecules serve as an important reservoir of reactive organic matter that will eventually be incorporated into protoplanetary disks, planets, and cometary material. Prestellar and starless cores are composed of cold (~ 10 K) and dense (~ 105 cm−3) clumps of...

Design of Fluorescent Membrane Scaffold Proteins for Nanodiscs

Abstract Nanodiscs are nanoscale lipid bilayer membrane mimetics surrounded by two membrane scaffold proteins (MSPs). They are widely used as soluble cassettes for membrane proteins and lipids in diverse applications in structural, functional, and biophysical studies. The origina...

Evaluation of a 3D Crustal Velocity Model for Northern Israel Using Wavefield Simulations

ABSTRACT We evaluate a recently developed 3D crustal velocity model for northern Israel using numerical simulations of seismic wave propagation for eighteen earthquakes (3≤Mw≤4.5). Synthetic seismograms were compared with observed recordings from the Israel Seismic Network in the...

Why Does a Shallow Land Model Underestimate the Dryland Drying Trends?

Abstract Most land surface models (LSMs) and macroscale hydrological models with shallow soil profiles underestimate observed terrestrial water storage (TWS) declines across global drylands. Here, we incorporated a recently developed global data set of depth to bedrock with spati...

Digital Architecture for Direct Stewardship and Enduring Consent

This working paper introduces the Sovereign Data Supply Chain (SovDSC), a governance framework designed to ensure that Indigenous communities retain authority over ecological data linked to their territories. By utilizing a specialized API as a digital access layer, the model tra...

Voice changes in aging birdsong: A longitudinal study in adult male zebra finches.

Abstract By 2030, 1.4 billion people worldwide will be 60 years or older. A significant proportion will experience changes in voice, which can indicate early signs of neurodegenerative disease. Most research and treatment studies have focused on the larynx because of its accessib...

PRODUCT OF RANKIN-SELBERG CONVOLUTIONS AND A NEW PROOF OF JACQUET’S LOCAL CONVERSE CONJECTURE

Abstract This article constructs a family of integrals representing the product of Rankin–Selberg L -functions for <mml:math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mnf="http://cambridge.org/core/manifest" xmlns:cup="http://contentservices.cambridge.org" xmlns:mml="http:...

Endovascular therapy versus best medical treatment in pediatric acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates endovascular therapy (EVT) versus best medical treatment (BMT) in pediatric acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large-vessel occlusion. Methods Systematic searches were conducted across PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase, incept...

From exposure to evidence: The present and future of rodent surgical training in laboratory animal science

Surgical training remains one of the most consequential yet historically underexamined components of laboratory animal science (LAS). While advances in anesthesia, analgesia, asepsis, and oversight have improved welfare and scientific rigor, training has often relied on decentral...

Acceptability of At-Home hrHPV Cervical Cancer Screening For Transmasculine Individuals: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

BACKGROUND: Transmasculine individuals are less likely to complete cervical cancer screening than cisgender individuals, thus increasing their risk for cervical cancer. Multidimensional socioecological determinants may contribute to cervical cancer disparities for transgender peo...

Comparative effects of glucagon-like peptide-1-based regimens on peripheral arterial and limb events in type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis of randomized trials

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a disabling condition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet lower-extremity outcomes are rarely prespecified in trials of GLP-1-based therapies. We compared individual GLP-1-based regimens for PAD-related vascular and limb events...

Extreme Risk Protection Order laws and fatal violence against women: a quasi-experimental study

Background Rates of intimate partner homicides of women in the USA are high relative to other high-income countries, especially those involving firearms. We evaluated one potential policy solution by examining state Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO) firearm transfer laws and i...