University of Alabama at Birmingham

Comparison of prenatal self-report of tobacco use to direct measurement of umbilical cord cotinine

Abstract Objective This study compared maternal self-reports of prenatal tobacco product use with biochemically confirmed cotinine in umbilical cord tissue in newborns exposed to opioids in utero and unexposed controls. Study design Secondary data analysis on 179 pregnant women a...

Prospero prevents lineage-specific loss and gain by regulating cyclin E and mitosis during Drosophila neurogenesis

Abstract In Drosophila , neuroblasts (NBs) undergo self-renewing asymmetric divisions to generate ganglion mother cells (GMCs). Each GMC undergoes a terminal asymmetric division to generate two neurons. It was previously suggested that the loss of function of the chromatin-bindin...

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Utilization and Outcomes of Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter: a State-of-the-Art Review

Abstract Purpose of Review Catheter ablation (CA) has become a first-line option for rhythm control strategy for atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL). We synthesize recent evidence regarding racial and ethnic disparities in CA utilization in the United States and exa...

Building the cancer research workforce through implementation of the RACE21 undergraduate cancer research and education program

Cancer remains the second leading cause of death in the state of Alabama and disproportionately affects communities that are rural, of lower socioeconomic status, and individuals with high-risk, predisposing conditions such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, advanced age, and di...

Validation of pure and total movement dispersion variables as measures of the distribution of daily activity using accelerometers: a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort

Abstract Aim Physical activity (PA) positively impacts health, but the optimal way to achieve PA remains unclear. Pure and total movement dispersion are novel metrics that quantify the spread of movement across the day, with (total) or without (pure) intensity. The purpose of thi...

Associations between substance use by type and HIV viral suppression across multiple cohorts in the US

Substance use among people with HIV (PWH) represents an important obstacle to further reductions in HIV transmission. Using data from a diverse collection of five studies including people with HIV in care and those in community cohorts, we report results for analyses of the assoc...

Enhanced screening and bacterial sexually-transmitted infection diagnoses after HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis initiation

BACKGROUND: Recipients of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) experience higher rates of gonorrhea and chlamydia diagnoses than non-recipients. However, it is unclear if these observations reflect a causal relationship between PrEP initiation and acquisition of sexually transmitt...

Barrier immune memory is programmed by intestinal epithelial cell presentation of cytosol-delivered bacterial antigens

Intestinal epithelial cells can present antigen to CD4 T cells. Here the authors show that epithelial cells must present translocated bacterial antigen for local CD4 resident memory T cells to be established.

Hospital Adaptations to New Models of Primary Care

Since the 1990s, hospitals have acquired primary care networks to ensure sustainability, often growing into health systems with owned primary and specialty care practices. Underperformance of the U.S. primary care system, however, has created opportunities for new primary care ma...

On Bridging Analyticity and Sparseness in Hyperdissipative Navier–Stokes Systems

Abstract We study the three-dimensional hyperdissipative Navier–Stokes system in the super-critical regime (below the Lions threshold). Leveraging the analyticity–sparseness gap in the case where the ratios of the lower-order derivatives with respect to the higher-order derivativ...

Effect of post‐print cleaning protocol on mechanical, optical, and conversion characteristics of two 3D‐printed resin composites for definitive crowns

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the influence of post‐print cleaning protocols on the biaxial flexural strength, degree of conversion, and translucency of two 3D‐printed definitive crown materials with differing filler content. Materials and methods Lower‐filled (Detax Crown; 24.4 w...

Lithium chloride in vitro treatment shows potential to rescue the neuronal phenotype caused by WDFY3 haploinsufficiency

We provide a comprehensive phenotypic characterization of loss-of-function (LoF) variants in WDFY3 based on the largest cohort reported to date (n = 32). Our findings define a monogenic disorder marked by neuropsychiatric features (including autism and ADHD), mild to moderate neu...

Suppressing Catalyst Reconstruction via Electric-Field-Enhanced Cu–Sn Alloying for Stable CO2 Electroreduction

Abstract The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) on copper (Cu) catalysts holds great promise for the sustainable production of value-added carbonaceous chemicals and fuels. However, these Cu nanostructures suffer from severe surface reconstruction due to Cu’s oxi...

Temperate bacteriophages shape intraspecies competition during Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection

Abstract Temperate bacteriophages are increasingly recognized as important drivers of microbial evolution. However, their role in mediating competition among members of the same species during infection remains poorly defined. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa), an opportunistic pathoge...

Implementation of remote patient monitoring for hypertension: a secondary analysis from electronic health record data

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is an effective telehealth service for managing hypertension. However, RPM implementation-related data in real-world settings are scarce. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis to explore RPM reach by socio-demographic factors accoun...

ET B receptors contribute to synchrony between blood pressure and other peripheral circadian rhythms in the Sprague-Dawley rat

Maintaining temporal coordination of physiological function is essential for good health. To determine how the endothelin axis regulates the timing of blood pressure (BP) and key physiological rhythms, we monitored circadian rhythmicity of BP and other variables by telemetry in m...

Scour-Induced Bearing Capacity Degradation of Strip Foundations under Vertical, Horizontal, and Moment Loading

Abstract This study investigated scour-induced degradation of shallow and intermediate strip foundations subjected to vertical, horizontal, and moment loading using adaptive finite element limit analysis. Soil cohesion, friction angle, embedment ratio, and normalized scour depth...

Loneliness and all-cause mortality in the United States

Importance Loneliness affects more than half of US adults and has been declared a public health epidemic, yet whether clinically documented loneliness independently predicts mortality across diverse populations remains unclear. Objective To examine the association between clinica...

Hybrid/collision ameloblastoma-ameloblastic fibroma: a case with molecular features supporting a tumor-in-tumor model

Hybrid/collision odontogenic tumors are a rare and controversial phenomenon not formally recognized as a distinct category in the WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumors and their diagnosis relies mainly on histomorphology. This report presents a unique mandibular odontogenic...

Artificial Intelligence in Neurovascular Surgery: Emerging Applications in Intracranial Aneurysm Management

Background/Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising adjunct in intracranial aneurysm (IA) care, with potential applications in diagnosis, rupture risk assessment, treatment planning, and outcome prediction. This review summarizes current AI-based approa...