Tufts University

Crop Failure and Household Food Security Amongst Smallholder Farmers in Drought-Prone Southern Regions of Lesotho

We investigated prevalence of crop failure and food insecurity among smallholder farming households in Southern Lesotho, examining socio-demographic correlates with these reported outcomes. We adopted a cross-sectional design involving 771 smallholder farmers reliant on field cro...

Modeling Ultrafine Particles Near a Large, Commercial Airport Using High-Fidelity Aircraft Emission Inventories and Aircraft-Specific Aerosol Size Distribution with CMAQ

Abstract Aircraft are an important source of ultrafine particles (UFPs) near airports, yet their contributions remain poorly quantified in chemical transport models. We addressed limitations by integrating high-fidelity aircraft emissions inventories (AEIs) generated by the Aviat...

Preclinical Evaluation of Novel Conserved Neisseria gonorrhoeae Vaccine Candidates Identified Through Infection-Informed Antigen Discovery

Background: The continued emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae highlights the urgent need for an effective vaccine. We evaluated the immunogenicity and vaccine potential of six new gonococcal conserved hypothetical proteins identified through our immunobioin...

Large Language Models (LLMs) vs Manual Chart Review for Assessing Goal-Concordant Care: An Exploratory Study

BackgroundEvidence that advance care planning (ACP) improves goal-concordant care (GCC) remains limited. Challenges are lack of reproducible operational definition of GCC and labor-intensive nature of manual chart review.ObjectivesDevelop a structured approach to adjudicating GCC...

Exosome trafficking is a key regulator of adipocyte thermogenesis

Activation of beige adipocytes enhances energy expenditure and promotes metabolic health, presenting a promising approach for combating obesity and diabetes. As part of this process, thermogenesis, fueled by uncoupled mitochondrial respiration, plays a central role in converting...

Household Food and Nutrition Security Among Publicly Insured Families of Hospitalized Children

OBJECTIVE: To characterize household food and nutrition security among families during hospitalization and examine associations with government benefits and neighborhood conditions. We hypothesized Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) or S...

Planning a Clinical Practice Guideline Revision for a Core Set of Outcome Measures in Adults Undergoing Neurologic Physical Therapy, Part 2: Determining Stakeholders' Uptake and Recommendations

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the uptake and recommendations for revision of the 2018 Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG): Core Set Outcome Measures for Adults with Neurologic Conditions Undergoing Rehabilitation. Design Online Survey. Setting Online with participants from multip...

Planning a Clinical Practice Guideline Revision for a Core Set of Outcome Measures in Adults Undergoing Neurologic Physical Therapy, Part 1: Assessing Dissemination and Scholarly Uptake

ABSTRACT Introduction Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) facilitate evidence‐based decision‐making and standardising care, yet their dissemination and scholarly uptake vary widely. The Core Set of Outcome Measures for Adults With Neurologic Conditions Undergoing Rehabilitation C...

Growing Up With Social Robots: Scientific, Ethical, and Theological Anthropological Perspectives on Social Robots, AI Companions, and Child and Adolescent Development

We discuss the increasing presence of social robots (SRs) and artificial intelligence (AI) companions in the contemporary ecology of youth development and the role of parasocial relationships created by youth with these technical artifacts, emphasizing the links between parasocia...

Loss of salt iodization harmed child survival and academic achievement in Ethiopia

Abstract The introduction of salt iodization is associated with improved health and socioeconomic outcomes, but is not yet universally adopted and not always sustained. Using a quasi-experimental event study with difference-in-differences over space and time, we quantify the impa...

A community-engaged cultural adaptation of the ADVANCED-Comfort 6M care planning tool for Chinese American families in nursing homes

Chinese American families of nursing home residents with advanced dementia often encounter cultural and structural barriers to comfort-focused, person-centered care. Culturally responsive interventions are needed to address disparities in communication and care planning. This pap...

Comparative Effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Blood Glucose Monitoring in Pregnancy With Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis

OBJECTIVE The value of adding continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to blood glucose monitoring (BGM) during pregnancy is unclear. PURPOSE To clarify CGM's role in pregnancy using meta-analysis, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) ratings, harm...

Diversified food fortification portfolios can enhance coverage of micronutrient-vulnerable populations in West Africa

Abstract Food fortification is central to addressing micronutrient deficiencies in West Africa and elsewhere. Yet evidence remains limited on whether current staple food fortification vehicles equitably reach vulnerable populations and whether candidate vehicles warrant inclusion...

Care Models for the Genetic Evaluation of Dilated Cardiomyopathy at Sites of the DCM Consortium

Abstract Background Clinical genetic evaluation for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is minimally implemented and models of care are not defined. To understand current genetics care for DCM, a systematic needs assessment was conducted. Methods Principal Investigators (P...

Heterogeneous single-cell dynamics support stable population codes for objects in the mouse anterior cingulate cortex

Remembering object locations is crucial for survival, yet how the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) encodes spatial features across repeated experiences has not been fully characterized. Using longitudinal calcium imaging in freely moving mice, we tracked excitatory ACC neurons whi...

Estimating Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Residential Power Outages in Massachusetts from 2013 to 2022 Using Public Records

Abstract Power outages are a growing threat to human health. Extreme weather events and strains on the electrical grid can cut off access to critical health-supporting medical equipment. However, the full scope of health impacts related to power outages has not been quantified, i...

P1.141. A Machine Learning Model for Assessment of Conduit Perfusion in Robotic Assisted Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy Using Indocyanine Green

Abstract Topic Esophageal Cancer: Other Background Anastomotic leak remains a major complication in esophagectomy. Indocyanine Green (ICG) can assist with the assessment of conduit perfusion but remains subjective and prone to bias. Our lab has worked to design a computer vision...

The Star Formation History and Evolution of the Ultra-Diffuse M81 Satellite F8D1

Abstract We present deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging of one of the nearest ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) outside of the Local Group: F8D1, a satellite of M81 known to be tidally disrupting. UDGs are an enigmatic and diverse population, with evolutionary pathways ranging...

Gromov–Wasserstein Barycenters: The Analysis Problem

Abstract. This paper considers the problem of estimating a matrix that encodes pairwise distances in a finite metric space—or, more generally, the edge weight matrix of a network—under the barycentric coding model with respect to the Gromov–Wasserstein (GW) distance function. We...

The Role of Ankyloglossia as a Protective Factor in Management of Infants With Robin Sequence

OBJECTIVE: Robin sequence (RS) is an anomaly of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction. This study aims to assess the role of ankyloglossia as a protective factor in infants with RS. STUDY DESIGN: Single institution and population-based inpatient registry analysis. SE...