Tohoku University

Few-shot neuromorphic vision in a nonlinear photonic network laser

With the growing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI), demand increases for hardware that mimics the brain’s ability to extract structure from limited data. In the retina, ganglion cells detect features from sparse inputs via lateral inhibition, where neurons antagonistical...

Guard cell Signal Transduction Mechanisms Controlling Stomatal Movements by Light, Abscisic Acid, CO2, VPD and Heat

Guard cell pairs form dynamic stomatal gas exchange pores in aerial tissues of plants. Guard cells regulate CO2 influx and water loss through stomata by integrating multiple environmental and internal signals. Guard cells serve as highly specialized sensory and signal processing...

Digital hydrogen platform (DigHyd): a rigorously curated database for hydrogen storage materials empowered by AI-assisted literature mining

Solid-state hydrogen storage materials are promising candidates for safe and compact hydrogen storage; however, data-driven discovery in this field remains limited by the availability of large-scale, well-curated datasets. Here, we present the Digital Hydrogen Platform (DigHyd: w...

Superconductivity in epitaxial PtSb(0001) thin films

Building on earlier reports of superconductivity in bulk PtSb, we present a systematic study of superconductivity in epitaxial PtSb(0001) thin films grown on SrF 2 ( 111 ) . Electrical transport measurements reveal a superconducting transition at T c = 1.72 K . The field-induced...

Minimally invasive cardiac surgeries in 2023–annual report of the Japanese association for minimally invasive cardiac surgery

Abstract Objective To establish updated nationwide perioperative benchmarks for minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) in Japan by presenting the 2023 annual report and summarizing procedural trends from 2021 to 2023. Methods Data on mitral valve (MV) surgery, aortic valve rep...

Physics‐Grounded Materials Artificial Intelligence for Reliable Materials Discovery

ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming materials discovery, yet conventional data‐driven approaches often suffer from limited interpretability, poor extrapolation, and inconsistency with physical laws. Since materials behavior is fundamentally governed by thermodyn...

Maxwell’s Demon in Markov Chain Monte Carlo: Cooling Information Flow and Entropy Balance

Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms can be viewed as feedback devices that compare a proposed move with the target distribution and then accept or reject it. In this paper the Maxwell demon is identified with the acceptance module: it measures a proposed edge, stores the outcome...

Static friction-coefficient increase in chelating-agent-treated granite saw-cut fractures associated with selective mineral dissolution and void formation

Induced seismicity remains a critical challenge for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), motivating stimulation strategies that enhance permeability while maintaining fracture stability. Chemical stimulation has been widely studied as a complement to hydraulic stimulation, yet its...

Type-II-like ultrafast demagnetization behavior in NiCo2O4 thin films

Rare-earth-free ferrimagnetic oxides are emerging as attractive platforms for investigating ultrafast spin dynamics. Here, we study the photoinduced magnetization dynamics of epitaxial NiCo2O4 (NCO) thin films by the time-resolved magneto-optical Faraday effect using two independ...

Theoretical Analysis of Photon Detection Mechanism in Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors

To elucidate the photon detection mechanism of superconducting single-photon detectors, we theoretically examine the dynamics of type-II superconductors with a bias current using the two-dimensional time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau and the Maxwell equations. The photon injection th...

Internal Resonance Mismatch‐Controlled Dissipative Bistability Collapse in Coupled Micromechanical Oscillators

ABSTRACT Nonlinear resonance governs the stability boundaries of high‐Q micromechanical systems, but the collapse of Duffing bistability is usually limited by fixed intrinsic dissipation. Here we demonstrate internal resonance mismatch‐controlled dissipative bistability collapse...

An Analysis of Mobility Styles and Carsharing Adoption Intentions in Major Urban Areas of Japan: Evidence from Tokyo, Osaka, and Kanagawa

This study links mobility styles with carsharing intentions and next-generation vehicle preferences in urban Japan. An online survey of licensed drivers in Tokyo Metropolis, Kanagawa Prefecture, and Osaka Prefecture captured mode use frequencies and stated preferences by travel p...

Total Synthesis of the Antifungal Clinical Candidate ASP2397 Cyclohexapeptide Facilitated by the Chemo-selective Reduction of Secondary N -Benzyloxyamides

Abstract ASP2397 is a siderophore-like cyclic hexapeptide with potent and rapid fungicidal activity against Aspergillus species. We report here its first total synthesis, enabled by an unprecedented one-pot chemoselective reduction of secondary N-benzyloxyamides that strictly pre...

H I Absorbers as Beacons of Hidden Structure at z ~ 3: Multi-Component, Metal-Rich Absorption System near a Protocluster

Abstract H i gas traces the large-scale structure and provides the primary fuel for star formation. High-z protoclusters are ideal laboratories to study how H i gas is accreted and consumed during the formation of the most massive structures in the Universe. However, much remains...

Milvexian with Antiplatelet Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndrome Event

BackgroundPatients are at increased risk for recurrent ischemic events after an acute coronary syndrome event. Milvexian, an oral factor XIa inhibitor, may reduce the risk of major adverse clinical events with minimal bleeding risk. MethodsIn this phase 3, randomized, placebo-con...

Psychological and social dimensions of attitudes and experiences related to COVID-19 infection control measures in Japan: an exploratory sequential mixed-methods study

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Japan achieved high adherence to infection control measures despite relying largely on voluntary requests rather than legally enforced lockdowns. However, psychological dimensions of public attitudes and experiences related to these measures, includi...

Are dispersed rice planting dates linked to higher provincial yields? Evidence from Northeast Thailand

Abstract Planting date is an important determinant of wet-season rice performance in monsoon Asia. However, it is influenced not only by rainfall but also by irrigation access, drainage conditions, and field operability. This study quantified how the spatial distribution and disp...

Line-shaped Mesoscale Convective Systems in Northern Japan: Climatology and Predictive Diagnostics

Abstract This study presented a statistical analysis of line-shaped mesoscale convective systems (LS-MCSs, called “Senjo-Kousuitai”, Kato 2020) in northern Japan using a 64-year high-resolution reanalysis dataset. A significant increase in LS-MCSs frequency and rainfall intensity...

Renormalization of a 1d quadratic Schrödinger model with additive noise

The study is devoted to the interpretation and well-posedness of the stochastic NLS model (ı∂t−Δ)u=|u|2+B˙,u0=0,t∈R,x∈T, where B˙ stands for a space-time fractional noise with index H=(H0,H1) in a subset of (0,1)2. We first establish that in the situation where 0<2H0+H1≤2, the eq...

Dynamic Bending Stress Sensing Using NV Centers in a Single-Crystal Diamond MEMS Cantilever

In this study, a single-crystal diamond (SCD) MEMS cantilever was fabricated using a buried graphite sacrificial-layer process. A region containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers formed near the ion-implantation-induced defective layer was directly utilized as the stress-sensing r...