Tohoku University

Performance Evaluation of Ising and QUBO Variable Encodings in Boltzmann Machine Learning

We compare Ising ([Formula: see text]) and QUBO ([Formula: see text]) encodings for Boltzmann machine learning under controlled protocols that fix the sampler, optimizer, and learning-rate design within each comparison. Exploiting the identity that the Fisher information matrix (...

Identification of risk factors for relapse at initial onset in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated optic neuritis using ophthalmic findings

Abstract Purpose To identify risk factors for relapse in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated optic neuritis (MOG-ON) during the onset event. Study design Retrospective cohort study. Methods We included 44 eyes of 44 Japanese patients with MOG-ON...

Empirical Analysis of Goal Hijacking in Large Vision-Language Models via Visual Prompt Injection

Abstract In this study, we explore visual prompt injection (VPI), a method that exploits the ability of large vision-language models (LVLMs) to follow instructions embedded within input images. LVLMs, such as GPT-4V, are designed to interpret and respond to visual prompts. Althou...

Structural basis of stepwise G protein activation by the viral chemokine receptor US28

Abstract G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) govern diverse cellular responses and are crucial drug targets. However, the sequence of structural events from G protein recognition to GDP release has remained elusive. Here, we leveraged the viral chemokine GPCR US28 to capture mult...

Ten-second electron-spin coherence in isotopically engineered diamond

Abstract Solid-state spin defects are a promising platform for quantum networks. A key requirement is to combine long ground-state spin-coherence times with a coherent optical transition for spin-photon entanglement. Here, we investigate the spin and optical coherence of single n...

A Consideration on the Temperature Dependence of Damping Behavior in FMR of Itinerant Electron Ferromagnets

We discuss the temperature dependence of the damping behavior in intrinsic origin of itinerant-electron ferromagnetic systems, including the region near T C . It is known from the theory of spin dynamics that the relaxation rate Γ of FMR is inversely proportional to the transvers...

Vertex-exposure words distinguish all trees

For each ordering of the vertices of a finite simple graph, record the number of previously revealed neighbors at each step. The vertex-exposure enumerator records the distribution of these words over all vertex orderings. We prove that it distinguishes all finite trees up to iso...

Mastication‐Induced Brain Blood Flow Changes Before and After Surgical‐Orthodontic Treatment in Skeletal Class III Patients: A Pilot Longitudinal Study

ABSTRACT Background Mandibular prognathism attenuates chewing‐induced brain blood flow (BBF) in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, correlating with compromised masticatory function and cognitive performance. Surgical orthodontic treatment restores skeletal and occlusal relatio...

Direct aqueous mineral carbonation of cementitious fines derived from hardened ready-mix concrete waste: Process performance and carbon accounting

The growing need to mitigate anthropogenic CO 2 emissions is driving the development of low-energy carbon capture and utilization technologies. Hardened ready-mix concrete waste represents an underexplored alkaline feedstock for direct aqueous mineral carbonation, offering opport...

Al-substituted Na5FeS4 as earth-abundant positive electrode active materials for all-solid-state sodium batteries

Abstract All-solid-state sodium batteries are attracting attention as next-generation energy devices because of their high safety, low cost, and high energy density. Na 5 FeS 4 , an earth-abundant sodium iron sulfide, is a promising candidate positive electrode active material wi...

B-cell infiltration in inclusion body myositis: association with inflammasome-related signaling and enhanced myotoxicity

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a degenerative, intractable, inflammatory myopathy with an immune pathomechanism. CD8+ T cell-mediated myocytotoxicity is considered a pivotal inflammatory pathogenic mechanism in IBM; however, there have been limited pathological investigations i...

Feasibility of micro-CT and Raman spectroscopic characterization of human jaw bone regenerated with particulate cancellous bone and marrow

Abstract Jaw reconstruction using autogenous particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) is widely performed; however, objectively evaluating regenerated bone quality remains challenging because conventional assessments rely on density-based imaging. In this retrospective study...

From Instruction to Inheritance: Scaling Robot Learning Through Knowledge Circulation

Robot learning, particularly through vision–language–action (VLA) models, has rapidly improved the ability of robots to execute instructed tasks. However, the current mainstream paradigm of robot learning largely depends on one‐way instruction from humans to robots, lacking a cyc...

Potential-dependent removal of Cu, Sn, Ni, and Cr from molten Fe in contact with FeS-containing slag

Abstract The accumulation of tramp elements in scrap-derived steel is a major obstacle to high-grade steel recycling. In this study, first-principles molecular dynamics (MD) calculations and a series of constant-potential screening experiments were used to examine interfacial sul...

Semantic Schema and Group Differences in Everyday Conceptions of Happiness and Unhappiness: An Investigation with a Word-association Network

What does happiness mean to ordinary people? Answering this requires examining not only the components people associate with happiness, but also how these components are organized and structurally connected into a semantic schema. The same questions apply to its conceptual counte...

Psammoecus hiranoi Yoshida and Hirowatari 2013

. Observed differences in the structure of the egg envelope among studied species point to greater than expected differentiation of developmental processes in viviparous Phaedusinae of East Asia.

Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of Keap1 dampens the pro-fibrotic program in human hepatic stellate cells

Abstract The increasing prevalence of chronic liver diseases (CLDs) is a global health concern. CLDs can cause fibrosis, and there is an urgent need for antifibrotic agents. The primary driver of fibrogenesis, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), activates hepatic stellate...

Observed weakening of the Kuroshio driven by the East Asian winter monsoon under ongoing climate warming

Abstract Western boundary currents are generally thought to respond to global warming through basin-scale wind forcing and ocean stratification, yet the role of local winds remains unclear. Here, we investigate changes in the Kuroshio under ongoing climate warming using satellite...

Coulomb Blockade in Graphene Nano-islands Formed by Direct CVD Growth on Si/SiO 2 Substrate

Graphene nano-islands (GNIs) are promising building blocks for quantum devices owing to their unique potential. However, direct electrical measurements of GNIs have been challenging due to the requirement of metal catalysts in typical synthesis methods. In this study, we demonstr...

Right coronary artery ectasia with a focal aneurysm in a decomposed body: Non-contrast postmortem CT and autopsy correlation

Herein, we present a case involving a markedly decomposed body in which non-contrast postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) demonstrated long-segment right coronary artery ectasia with focal aneurysmal dilatation. A man estimated to be in his 30s was found dead 12 days after he ha...