Tel Aviv University

Cirrhosis Risk in Sarcoidosis Without Documented Hepatic Involvement—A Large Nationwide Population‐Based Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Background & Aims Given the likely underestimation of hepatic sarcoidosis, the aims were to evaluate long‐term cirrhosis risk in patients with sarcoidosis without documented hepatic involvement at baseline and to assess the impact of multi‐organ disease and immunomodulat...

Parameters affecting the reliable measurement of fluconazole tolerance using disk diffusion assays with Candida albicans

ABSTRACT Disk diffusion assays (DDAs) are widely used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility, which is measured as the size of the zone of inhibition (ZOI) after 24 h of growth, and is inversely proportional to the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). DDAs can also be used...

Removing wolves did not reliably prevent domestic animal losses

Abstract Humans usually try to kill wild animals that they perceive as threats. However, many scientific findings have raised doubts that killing solves wildlife damage to property. With scant, low‐quality data, uncertainty persists. We reviewed recent studies of killing gray wol...

Photon‐Recycling Dielectric Laser Accelerator

ABSTRACT We propose a photon‐recycling dielectric laser accelerator (DLA) system based on silicon‐on‐insulator platform. Our DLA system employs transverse‐magnetic optical mode as the primary energy source, modulated and injected into the electron‐light interaction region for lon...

Encircling NATO: the evolution of Russia’s power-projection in the MENA region, 2011–2025

During the previous decade, Russia’s revisionist aspirations have defied the United States and its NATO allies’ purposes to preserve their dominant position in the current distribution of power. Contemporary literature argues that Russia’s policies in the Middle East and North Af...

FluorescentFarnesyl-Derived Probes Reveal DistinctIntracellular Localization Associated with Morphogenesis Suppressionin Candida albicans

Abstract Farnesol is a quorum-sensing sesquiterpene produced by Candida albicans that inhibits filamentation, a morphogenetic transition underlying fungal invasion and virulence. Notably, several farnesyl-derived sesquiterpenes bearing functional groups other than the original al...

Computer Science Beyond the Instrumental Paradox

Computer science confronts a strange moment: the technology unsettling its foundations is its own creation. Generative AI—built from the discipline's theory, algorithms, architectures, and data—now produces the very artifact around which the discipline organized itself: executabl...

Skills and technological innovations in the Middle Palaeolithic Levant: the Levallois approach at Givat Rabi East

The Levallois method is a hallmark of Middle Palaeolithic technology, reflecting complex cognitive and technical behaviours. This study analyses the Levallois assemblage from Givat Rabi East (GRE), an open-air site in the Levant, to investigate technological adaptability and cult...

Measuring Ocean Surface Waves

Abstract Propagating waves on the ocean surface can be represented as a stochastic process whose statistics are characterized by a spectrum. This paper reviews methods for measuring the wave spectrum and related quantities. Observations begin by sensing fluid dynamical properties...

Robotic, laparoscopic, and open nephrectomy and 30-day pulmonary morbidity: a procedure-stratified cohort study with intraoperative ventilation data

Previous studies of heterogeneous abdominal procedures have reported higher pulmonary-complication rates after robot-assisted surgery, but whether this applies to nephrectomy is uncertain. We evaluated surgical approach and 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) afte...

Beyond Balance: An Ethnography of Validity and Engagement in Citizen Science Practice

Citizen science (CS) is often characterized as involving inherent trade-offs between scientific validity and public engagement. While existing literature has documented these competing imperatives, less is known about the concrete organizational mechanisms that enable their coexi...

Donor Human Milk Implementation in a High-Mother’s-Own-Milk NICU: Impact on Feeding Progression and Clinical Outcomes in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

Background: Donor human milk (DHM) is recommended when the mother’s own milk (MOM) is unavailable for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. However, the impact of DHM implementation on NICUs with already high human milk utilization remains incompletely characterized. Objecti...

The Reverse Calcification Technique (RCT): A Quantitative Parametric Model of Aortic Stenosis Progression

Abstract Introduction Aortic stenosis (AS) develops from calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), which narrows the aortic valve opening as leaflet stiffness increases due to calcium deposition. This study extends the Reverse Calcification Technique (RCT) by incorporating a time dim...

Automatic value learning results in counterproductive human behavior

Abstract Humans are adept at accurately estimating the value of available choices from accumulated experience. However, cognitive processing also incorporates irrelevant information during deliberation, undermining decision accuracy. Here, we show that credit assignment operates...

Clinical and radiographic outcomes of pulpotomy in primary molars using bioceramic putty versus formocresol: a retrospective cohort study

This retrospective cohort study compared the clinical and radiographic outcomes of pulpotomy in cariously exposed primary molars treated with bioceramic putty (BCP) or formocresol (FC) in a private pediatric dental clinic in Tel Aviv, Israel. Records and radiographs of children a...

A novel glyco-inflammatory healing index for risk prediction after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

The Glyco-Inflammatory Healing Index (GIHI), calculated as HbA1c × C-reactive protein / albumin, integrates measures of glycemic control, systemic inflammation, and nutritional status. Its association with postoperative outcomes after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CAB...

Sociodemographic bias in LLMs’ clinical decision-making for dizziness

Objective As large language models (LLMs) enter clinical decision support, concerns persist about sociodemographic bias. We assessed whether LLM recommendations for dizziness vary by patient descriptors and clinical detail. Methods We conducted a cross-randomized in-silico vignet...

Understanding Caregivers’ Experiences of Rett Syndrome: A Multinational Study of Symptoms and Meaningful Outcomes of Potential Treatments

Caregivers have first-hand experience of facing the daily challenges of Rett syndrome (RTT). The aim of this study was to understand caregivers’ experiences of RTT, including challenging symptoms that caregivers hope novel therapies will address. This non-interventional, qualitat...

CEST MRI of glucosamine uptake in brain tumor-bearing mice

Abstract Increased reliance on anaerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of cancer metabolism that is traditionally used by FDG-PET for lesions and metastases detection. Glucose-based chemical exchange saturation transfer (glucoCEST) MRI offers an alternative, non-radioactive approach f...

Effect of genetic factors on [18F]FDG PET metabolic phenotypes in dementia with Lewy bodies

BACKGROUND: F]FDG PET can support the diagnosis of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), but it remains unclear how genetic factors influence metabolic phenotypes. OBJECTIVES: F]FDG PET metabolic patterns in DLB. METHODS: F]FDG PET scans from 43 patients with DLB stratified by GBA1 an...