Peking University

Roxadustat and incidence of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis: a propensity score–matched cohort study

BACKGROUND: Roxadustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI), exerts pleiotropic effects beyond erythropoiesis, including modulation of inflammation and immune responses. Preliminary studies suggest Roxadustat may modulate inflammation to reduce perit...

Estimating individualized gonadotropin starting doses in women with PCOS: a target-driven machine learning model for GnRH-antagonist stimulation

Abstract Background Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are prone to excessive ovarian response and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) during controlled ovarian stimulation, whereas overly conservative gonadotropin (Gn) dosing reduces oocyte yield and efficiency. Th...

Metabolic-extracellular matrix crosstalk in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and targeted intervention

Bidirectional crosstalk between metabolic reprogramming and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes an important metabolic–ECM regulatory network that contributes to HCC progression. Metabolic derangements disrupt ECM deposition, crossl...

Ultrafast Electrochromic Flexible Displays via Solvent‐Induced Porous and Loosely Packed Films

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) represent one of the promising application areas of organic electrochromic materials, offering advantages such as low power consumption and nonemissive operation based on ambient light modulation. However, current electrochromic materials typically e...

Oral Food-Derived Proanthocyanidins as Immunostimulants: Enhanced Vaccine Immunogenicity via Host Immune Modulation in a Murine CSFV Model

Traditional injectable vaccine adjuvants are limited by local granulomatous reactions, chronic inflammation, and reduced compliance, creating an urgent need for safe, host-directed strategies to enhance vaccine immunogenicity. Proanthocyanidins (PACs)—natural polyphenols abundant...

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety profile of tapentadol hydrochloride injection: a phase 1 dose-escalation study in patients with moderate to severe pain

Abstract An injectable formulation of tapentadol hydrochloride offers a promising alternative for clinical settings requiring rapid analgesia. However, comprehensive clinical data on the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety of intravenous tapentadol hydrochlor...

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated acute interstitial nephritis: Pathogenesis and heterogeneity

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated acute kidney injury is a significant complication of cancer immunotherapy, with acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) being the most common pathological type. This review systematically elaborates on the core pathogenesis, spectrum of pat...

Diaphragmatic hernia after cryoablation for lung cancer: a case report and literature review

Diaphragmatic hernia can be classified into congenital and acquired subtypes, while the acquired form remains clinically rare. Iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia, a distinct subtype of acquired diaphragmatic hernia, may occur following invasive procedures involving organs adjacent t...

Targeting a CDH1–TK1–dependent DNA Synthesis Pathway Overcomes Chemoresistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

ABSTRACT Relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains difficult to treat, in part because leukemic cells adapt to nucleoside analogue‐induced replication stress. Here, we identify thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) as a functional contributor to chemotherapy resistance in A...

Fixed-cycle oral pomalidomide/lenalidomide-based therapy is associated with durable treatment-free remission in idiopathic multicentric castleman disease with TAFRO syndrome: a single-center retrospective study

Abstract Background Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease with TAFRO syndrome (iMCD-TAFRO) is a rare and severe subtype of iMCD characterized by thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly. Current treatments often require prolonged or indefinite a...

Postoperative pulmonary complications after high-altitude thoracic surgery requiring one-lung ventilation: a single-centre retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are common adverse outcomes after thoracic surgery and one-lung ventilation (OLV). Their reported incidence varies with endpoint definition and ascertainment. Lower inspired oxygen partial pressure may alter periope...

Outcome of cusp coverage restorations on endodontically treated premolars with cervical defects: a retrospective study

This study aimed to assess the outcome of cusp coverage restorations on endodontically treated premolars with cervical defects after 6–24 months of follow-up. A total of 40 premolars with cervical defects from 28 patients who received endodontic treatment and cusp coverage restor...

Comparison of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic decompression and posterior lumbar interbody fusion for geriatric patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis and spinal stenosis

The optimal surgical strategy for geriatric patients with mild degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) and lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) remains controversial. Although percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic decompression (PTED) offers the advantages of minimal invasiveness, some olde...

Burden of Crohn’s disease in East Asia: a 34-year analysis with projections to 2060

Abstract Purpose Crohn’s disease has transitioned from a rare condition to a significant public health concern in East Asia, yet comparative evidence across countries and long-term projections remain limited. We assess national trends in the burden of Crohn’s disease in China, Ja...

A Heterogeneous Metal–LigandBifunctional Catalystfor Chemoselective Hydrogenation of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes

Abstract The concept of metal–ligand bifunctional catalysts has been extensively explored in homogeneous catalysis, yet it has not been reported in conventional heterogeneous catalysis. Inspired by the outer-sphere hydrogenation mechanism in homogeneous metal–ligand bifunctional...

Assessment of masticatory muscle activity and mandibular border movement in skeletal class II malocclusion adolescents with mandibular retrognathia

<title>Abstract</title> Objective To investigate masticatory muscle activity and mandibular border movement in adolescents with skeletal class II malocclusion and mandibular retrognathia and explore the influence of mandibular retrognathia on masticatory system function. Methods...

End-to-End Differentiable Learning of a Single Functionalfor DFT and Linear-Response TDDFT

Abstract Density functional theory (DFT) and linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT) rely on an exchange-correlation (xc) approximation that provides not only energy but also its functional derivatives, which enter the self-consistent potential and the...

Global cloud phase monitoring from FY-3G multi-angle polarimetric observations using the new MAPLE-CP framework with independent multi-site lidar validation

Global cloud-top phase monitoring is constrained by an observing gap: passive imagers provide broad coverage but limited vertical phase information, whereas active sensors provide stronger physical constraints only along narrow tracks. Here we develop MAPLE-CP, a Multi-Angle Pola...

Freeze–ThawCycles Greatly Affect the ConjugativeTransfer of Antibiotic-Resistant Genes: Effects of the Secretion ofExtracellular Polymeric Substances

Abstract Freeze–thaw (FT) cycle, a ubiquitous and important physical process in natural environments, may influence the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) process of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), yet its impact and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated th...

Coexistence of a free-floating pigmented vitreous cyst and ciliary body cysts

Abstract Background Pigmented vitreous cysts are rare and generally benign intraocular lesions, but their origin remains uncertain. This case is noteworthy because multimodal imaging documented a free-floating pigmented vitreous cyst together with small bilateral temporal ciliary...